PG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z))
IUPAC 名称
[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy][(2R)-2-[(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyloxy]-3-[(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxy]propoxy]phosphinic acid
描述
PG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)) is a phosphatidylglycerol or glycerophospholipid (PG or GP). It is a glycerophospholipid in which a phosphoglycerol moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site. As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths and saturation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. Fatty acids containing 16, 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. PG(18:2(9Z,12Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of linoleic acid at the C-1 position and one chain of homo-g-linolenic acid at the C-2 position. The linoleic acid moiety is derived from seed oils, while the homo-g-linolenic acid moiety is derived from fish oils, liver and kidney. Phosphatidylglycerol is present at a level of 1-2% in most animal tissues, but it can be the second most abundant phospholipid in lung surfactant at up to 11% of the total. It is well established that the concentration of phosphatidylglycerol increases during fetal development. Phosphatidylglycerol may be present in animal tissues merely as a precursor for diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin). Phosphatidylglycerol is formed from phosphatidic acid by a sequence of enzymatic reactions that proceeds via the intermediate, cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol). Bioynthesis proceeds by condensation of phosphatidic acid and cytidine triphosphate with elimination of pyrophosphate via the action of phosphatidate cytidyltransferase (or CDP-synthase). CDP-diacylglycerol then reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate via phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase to form 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphoric acid, with the release of cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, phosphatidylglycerol is formed by the action of specific phosphatases.
While most phospholipids have a saturated fatty acid on C-1 and an unsaturated fatty acid on C-2 of the glycerol backbone, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. PGs have a net charge of -1 at physiological pH and are found in high concentration in mitochondrial membranes and as components of pulmonary surfactant. PG also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of cardiolipin. PG is synthesized from CDP-diacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate. [HMDB]
异构
[H][C@](O)(CO)COP(O)(=O)OC[C@@]([H])(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC
InChI标识符
InChI=1S/C44H77O10P/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-22-24-26-28-30-32-34-36-44(48)54-42(40-53-55(49,50)52-38-41(46)37-45)39-51-43(47)35-33-31-29-27-25-23-21-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h11-14,17-19,21-22,24,41-42,45-46H,3-10,15-16,20,23,25-40H2,1-2H3,(H,49,50)/t41-,42+/m0/s1
键
FYJGEHHLYUAEHD-ACEXITHZSA-N