类

SmallMolecule

T3DB_ID

T3D0025

描述

DDD, P,P'- is an isomer of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, an organochlorine insecticide. It is a component of commercial mixtures of DDT. DDT was once a widely used pesticide, but today its agricultural use has been banned worldwide due to its toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate. However, it still has limited use in disease vector control. (L84)

类别

"Pesticide", "Pollutant", "Synthetic Toxin"

同义词

"(Dichlorodiphenyl)dichloroethane", "1, 1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane", "1, 1-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane", "1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene)", "1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)bis[4-chlorobenzene]", "1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane", "1,1-Bis(p-Chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane", "1,1-Dichloor-2,2-bis(4-chloor fenyl)-ethaan", "1,1-Dichlor-2,2-bis(4-chlor-phenyl)-aethan", "1,1-Dichloro-2, 2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2, 2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2, 2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD)", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(parachlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Dicloro-2,2-bis(4-cloro-fenil)-etano", "1-Chloro-4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene", "2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane", "2,2-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1, 1-dichloroethane", "2,2-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane", "2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane", "4,4'-DDD solution", "DDD", "DDD(p,p')", "Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane", "Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane", "Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane", "Dilene", "p, p'-(dichlorodiphenyl)dichloroethane", "p,p'-(dichlorodiphenyl)dichloroethane", "P,P'-ddd", "p,p'-DDD", "P,p'-dichlorodip henyl dichloroethane", "p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane", "p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyl-2,2-dichloroethylene", "p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane", "p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)", "p,p'-TDE", "p,p-DDD", "Rhothane", "Rhothane d-3", "Rothane", "TDE", "Tetrachlorodiphenylethane"

CAS登记号

72-54-8

化学式

C14H10Cl4

平均分子量

320.041

单同位素质量

317.953661148

IUPAC 名称

1-chloro-4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene

传统名称

dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

简化分子线性输入规范

ClC(Cl)C(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1

InChI 标识符

InChI=1S/C14H10Cl4/c15-11-5-1-9(2-6-11)13(14(17)18)10-3-7-12(16)8-4-10/h1-8,13-14H

键

InChIKey=AHJKRLASYNVKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

化合物类型

Organic compounds

大分类

Benzenoids

类型

Benzene and substituted derivatives

子类

Diphenylmethanes

直接大类

Diphenylmethanes

另外分类

"Alkyl chlorides", "Aryl chlorides", "Chlorobenzenes", "Hydrocarbon derivatives", "Organochlorides"

取代基

"Alkyl chloride", "Alkyl halide", "Aromatic homomonocyclic compound", "Aryl chloride", "Aryl halide", "Chlorobenzene", "Diphenylmethane", "Halobenzene", "Hydrocarbon derivative", "Organochloride", "Organohalogen compound"

分子框架

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

外部描述符

"Organochlorine pesticides", "chlorophenylethane", "monochlorobenzenes", "organochlorine insecticide"

地位

Detected and Not Quantified

起源

Exogenous

蜂窝位置

"Membrane"

生物流体位置

组织位置

途径

状态

Solid

外貌

White powder.

熔点/沸点/溶解度

109.5°C//9e-05 mg/mL at 25 °C [BIGGAR,JW & RIGGS,RI (1974)]

日志P

暴露途径

Oral (L85)

毒性机制

DDD toxicity occurs via at least four mechanisms, possibly all functioning simultaneously. DDD reduces potassium transport across the membrane. DDD inhibits the inactivation of voltaged-gated sodium channels. The channels activate (open) normally but are inactivated (closed) slowly, thus interfering with the active transport of sodium out of the nerve axon during repolarization and resulting in a state of hyperexcitability. DDD inhibits neuronal adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases), particularly Na+K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase which play vital roles in neuronal repolarization. DDD also inhibits the ability of calmodulin, a calcium mediator in nerves, to transport calcium ions that are essential for the release of neurotransmitters. All these inhibited functions reduce the rate of depolarization and increase the sensitivity of neurons to small stimuli that would not elicit a response in a fully depolarized neuron. DDD is also believed to adversely affect the reproductive system by mimicking endogenous hormones and binding to the estrogen and adrogen receptors. (T10, L85)

代谢

DDD is absorbed in the stomach and intestine, after which it enters the lymphatic system and is carried throughout the body and incorporated into fatty tissues. Metabolism of DDD occurs mainly via cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver and kidney. Its metabolites, mainly DDA (bis(p-chlorophenyl) acetic acid), are excreted in the urine. (L85)

毒性值

LD50: 113 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L138)

致死剂量

5 g/kg for an adult human. (L138)

致癌性

Not directly listed by IARC, but carcinogenicity studies of this DDT metabolite are discussed in connection with DDT (L2151).

用途/来源

DDD is found in DDT, which is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)

最低风险等级

健康影响

DDT has been shown to cause mild anemia. Exposure to DDT causes loss of weight and anorexia. DDT poisoning affects CNS function in humans, but pathologic changes are observed in the liver and reproductive organs. Hypertrophy of hepatocytes and subcellular organelles such as mitochondria, proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, centrolobular necrosis after exposure to high concentrations, and an increase in the incidence of hepatic tumors have been noted. (T10)

症状

DDT exposure causes ataxia and abnormal stepping. Acute signs of DDT poisoning include paresthesia after oral ingestion. Studies have shown that a mammal poisoned with DDT-type agents displays periodic persistent tremoring and/or convulsive seizures that are suggestive of repetitive discharges in neurons. These repetitive tremors and seizures can be initiated by tactile and auditory stimuli. (T10)

治疗

Treatment of DDT exposure should be primarily directed towards decontamination and supportive care, as there is no specific antidote. The use of gastric lavage and activated charcoal for large ingestions may be effective. (L140)

药库 ID

HMDB_ID

PubChem 化合物 ID

6294

维基百科链接

创建于

2009-03-06 18:57:56 UTC

更新于

2014-12-24 20:20:55 UTC

目标

毒素T3DB ID	毒素名称	目标名称
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Cytochrome P450 2C19
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Retinoic acid receptor alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel subunit beta-4
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel subunit beta-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel subunit beta-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel subunit beta-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Estrogen receptor beta
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Estrogen receptor alpha
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Calmodulin
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1
T3D0025	P,P'-DDD	Androgen receptor