O,P'-DDD
描述
DDD, O,P'- is an isomer of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, an organochlorine insecticide. It is a component of commercial mixtures of DDT. DDT was once a widely used pesticide, but today its agricultural use has been banned worldwide due to its toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate. However, it still has limited use in disease vector control. (L84). It is a derivative of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression. [PubChem]
类别
"Drug", "Pesticide", "Synthetic Toxin"
同义词
"Lisodren", "Lysodren", "Mitotan", "Mitotane", "Mitotano", "Mitotanum", "O,P'-ddd", "Opeprim"
IUPAC 名称
1-chloro-4-[2,2-dichloro-1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
简化分子线性输入规范
ClC(Cl)C(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl
InChI 标识符
InChI=1/C14H10Cl4/c15-10-7-5-9(6-8-10)13(14(17)18)11-3-1-2-4-12(11)16/h1-8,13-14H
键
InChIKey=JWBOIMRXGHLCPP-UHFFFAOYNA-N
类型
Benzene and substituted derivatives
另外分类
"Alkyl chlorides", "Aryl chlorides", "Chlorobenzenes", "Hydrocarbon derivatives", "Organochlorides"
取代基
"Alkyl chloride", "Alkyl halide", "Aromatic homomonocyclic compound", "Aryl chloride", "Aryl halide", "Chlorobenzene", "Diphenylmethane", "Halobenzene", "Hydrocarbon derivative", "Organochloride", "Organohalogen compound"
分子框架
Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
熔点/沸点/溶解度
77°C//0.1 mg/L (at 25°C)
暴露途径
Oral (L85); about 40% oral Lysodren is absorbed.
毒性机制
DDD toxicity occurs via at least four mechanisms, possibly all functioning simultaneously. DDD reduces potassium transport across the membrane. DDD inhibits the inactivation of voltaged-gated sodium channels. The channels activate (open) normally but are inactivated (closed) slowly, thus interfering with the active transport of sodium out of the nerve axon during repolarization and resulting in a state of hyperexcitability. DDD inhibits neuronal adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases), particularly Na+K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase which play vital roles in neuronal repolarization. DDD also inhibits the ability of calmodulin, a calcium mediator in nerves, to transport calcium ions that are essential for the release of neurotransmitters. All these inhibited functions reduce the rate of depolarization and increase the sensitivity of neurons to small stimuli that would not elicit a response in a fully depolarized neuron. DDD is also believed to adversely affect the reproductive system by mimicking endogenous hormones and binding to the estrogen and adrogen receptors. (T10, L85)
代谢
DDD is absorbed in the stomach and intestine, after which it enters the lymphatic system and is carried throughout the body and incorporated into fatty tissues. Metabolism of DDD occurs mainly via cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver and kidney. Its metabolites, mainly DDA (bis(p-chlorophenyl) acetic acid), are excreted in the urine. (L85)Route of Elimination: A variable amount of metabolite (1%-17%) is excreted in the bile and the balance is apparently stored in the tissues.Half Life: 18-159 days
毒性值
LD50: 113 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L138)
致死剂量
5 g/kg for an adult human. (L138)
致癌性
Not directly listed by IARC, but carcinogenicity studies of this DDT metabolite are discussed in connection with DDT (L2151).
用途/来源
DDD is found in DDT, which is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84). It is also used for treatment of inoperable adrenocortical tumours; Cushing's syndrome
健康影响
DDT has been shown to cause mild anemia. Exposure to DDT causes loss of weight and anorexia. DDT poisoning affects CNS function in humans, but pathologic changes are observed in the liver and reproductive organs. Hypertrophy of hepatocytes and subcellular organelles such as mitochondria, proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, centrolobular necrosis after exposure to high concentrations, and an increase in the incidence of hepatic tumors have been noted. (T10)
症状
DDT exposure causes ataxia and abnormal stepping. Acute signs of DDT poisoning include paresthesia after oral ingestion. Studies have shown that a mammal poisoned with DDT-type agents displays periodic persistent tremoring and/or convulsive seizures that are suggestive of repetitive discharges in neurons. These repetitive tremors and seizures can be initiated by tactile and auditory stimuli. (T10)
治疗
Treatment of DDT exposure should be primarily directed towards decontamination and supportive care, as there is no specific antidote. The use of gastric lavage and activated charcoal for large ingestions may be effective. (L140)
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:10 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:13 UTC
目标
| 毒素T3DB ID | 毒素名称 | 目标名称 |
|---|
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Adrenodoxin, mitochondrial |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Progesterone receptor |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Estrogen receptor beta |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Estrogen receptor alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Calmodulin |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Androgen receptor |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel subunit beta-4 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel subunit beta-3 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel subunit beta-2 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel subunit beta-1 |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha |
| T3D0151 |
O,P'-DDD |
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha |