Dimethylarsinate
描述
Cacodylic acid is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3)2AsO2H. Derivatives of cacodylic acid, cacodylates, were frequently used as herbicides. For example, Agent Blue, one of the chemicals used during the Vietnam War, is a mixture of cacodylic acid and sodium cacodylate. Sodium cacodylate is frequently used as a buffering agent in the preparation and fixation of biological samples for transmission electron microscopy. Cacodylic acid is highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Once thought to be a byproduct of inorganic arsenic detoxification, it is now believed to have serious health consequences of its own. It has been shown to be teratogenic in rodents, most often causing cleft palate but also fetal fatality at high doses. It has been shown to be genotoxic in human cells, causing apoptosis and also decreased DNA production and shorter DNA strands. While not itself a strong carcinogen, cacodylic acid does promote tumors in the presence of carcinogens in organs such as the kidneys and liver. (Wikipedia).
类别
"Pesticide", "Household Toxin", "Industrial/Workplace Toxin", "Food Toxin", "Synthetic Toxin"
同义词
"Ansar", "Arsan", "Bolate", "Bolls", "Cacodylate", "Cacodylic acid", "Chexmate", "Dimethylarsinic acid", "DMAA", "Erase", "Hydroxydimethylarsine oxide", "Moncide", "Phytar", "Phytar 560", "Silvisar"
IUPAC 名称
dimethylarsinic acid
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/C2H7AsO2/c1-3(2,4)5/h1-2H3,(H,4,5)
键
InChIKey=OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
大分类
Organometallic compounds
类型
Organometalloid compounds
子类
Organoarsenic compounds
另外分类
"Alkylarsine oxides", "Hydrocarbon derivatives", "Organic metalloid salts", "Organic oxides", "Organopnictogen compounds"
取代基
"Aliphatic acyclic compound", "Alkylarsine oxide", "Hydrocarbon derivative", "Organic metalloid salt", "Organic oxide", "Organic oxygen compound", "Organic salt", "Organopnictogen compound", "Oxygen-containing organoarsenic compound", "Pentaorganoarsane"
分子框架
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
外部描述符
"Arsenical herbicides", "organoarsenic compound"
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
蜂窝位置
"Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
熔点/沸点/溶解度
195°C/>200°C/2000 mg/mL at 25 °C [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]
暴露途径
Oral (L2) ; inhalation (L2); dermal (L2)
毒性机制
Arsenic and its metabolites disrupt ATP production through different mechanisms. At the level of the citric acid cycle, arsenic inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase and uncouples the oxidative phosphorylation by competing with phosphate. This leads to inhibition of energy-linked reduction of NAD+, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide production is increased, leading to oxidative stress due to the formation of reactive oxygen species. Arsenic's carginogenicity is influenced by the arsenical binding of tubulin, which results in aneuploidy, polyploidy and mitotic arrests. The binding of other arsenic protein targets may also cause altered DNA repair enzyme activity, altered DNA methylation patterns and cell proliferation. (T1, A17)
代谢
Arsenic and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. (L2)
毒性值
LD50: 644 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T14)
LD50: 720 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T32)
致癌性
2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
用途/来源
Dimethylarsinic acid is used as an herbicide and pesticide. (L180)
健康影响
Arsenic poisoning can lead to death from multi-system organ failure, probably from necrotic cell death, not apoptosis. Arsenic is also a known carcinogen, especially in skin, liver, bladder and lung cancers. (T1, L20)
症状
Exposure to lower levels of arsenic can cause nausea and vomiting, decreased production of red and white blood cells, abnormal heart rhythm, damage to blood vessels, and a sensation of “pins and needles” in hands and feet. Breathing high levels of inorganic arsenic can provoque sore throat or irritated lungs. Arsenic also affects the brain, causing neurological disturbances such as headaches, confusion, and drowsiness. (A1)
治疗
Arsenic poisoning can be treated by chelation therapy, using chelating agents such as dimercaprol, EDTA or DMSA. Charcoal tablets may also be used for less severe cases. In addition, maintaining a diet high in sulfur helps eliminate arsenic from the body. (L20)
维基百科链接
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cacodylic acid
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:02 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:03 UTC
目标
| 毒素T3DB ID | 毒素名称 | 目标名称 |
|---|
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Aldose reductase |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin gamma-2 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin gamma-1 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin epsilon chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin delta chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-8 chain-like protein LOC260334 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-8 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-6 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-4A chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-3 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-4B chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-2B chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-2A chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta-1 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin beta chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-8 chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-4A chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-3E chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-3C/D chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-1C chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-1B chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha-1A chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Tubulin alpha chain-like 3 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Thioredoxin reductase 3 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase protein X component, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Putative tubulin-like protein alpha-4B |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Putative tubulin beta-4q chain |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Putative tubulin beta chain-like protein ENSP00000290377 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Haptoglobin |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Glucocorticoid receptor |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Estrogen receptor alpha |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, gamma-enteric smooth muscle |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, cytoplasmic 2 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, cytoplasmic 1 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, aortic smooth muscle |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, alpha skeletal muscle |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Hemoglobin subunit beta |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Hemoglobin subunit alpha |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Interleukin-8 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Cytochrome P450 2B6 |
| T3D0075 |
Dimethylarsinate |
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 |