当前位置：药药网 / 数据中心 / 小分子通路数据库
Glutathione Synthetase Deficiency
描述
Glutathione Synthetase Deficiency (5-Oxoprolinuria; Pyroglutamic Aciduria) is caused by a defect in the GSS gene which codes for glutathione synthetase. Glutathione synthetase is the second enzyme in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway. It catalyses the condensation of gamma-glutamylcysteine and glycine, to form glutathione. A defect in this enzyme results in accumulation of pyroglutamic acid and gamma-glutamylcysteine in urine and blood; decrease level of glutathione in erythrocytes; increase urinary excretion of 5-oxoproline. Glutathione synthetase deficiency can be classified into three types: mild, moderate and severe. Mild glutathione synthetase deficiency usually results in the destruction of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia). Rarely, affected people also excrete large amounts of a compound called 5-oxoproline in their urine (5-oxoprolinuria). This compound builds up when glutathione is not processed correctly in cells. Individuals with moderate glutathione synthetase deficiency may experience symptoms beginning shortly after birth including hemolytic anemia, 5-oxoprolinuria, and elevated acidity in the blood and tissues (metabolic acidosis). In addition to the features present in moderate glutathione synthetase deficiency, individuals affected by the severe form of this disorder may experience neurological symptoms. These problems may include seizures; a generalized slowing down of physical reactions, movements, and speech (psychomotor retardation); mental retardation; and a loss of coordination (ataxia). Some people with severe glutathione synthetase deficiency also develop recurrent bacterial infections.