Actinium-227
描述
Actinium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Ac and atomic number 89. Actinium-227 is the naturally occurring radioactive isotope of actinium and has a half-life of 21.772 years. Actinium-227 is also produced in milligram amounts by the neutron irradiation of 226Ra in nuclear reactors. Actinium-227 is an alpha and beta emitter. It is extremely radioactive, and is even more dangerous than plutonium. Ingesting even small amounts would be fatal. (L1131)
类别
"Industrial/Workplace Toxin", "Pollutant", "Airborne Pollutant", "Natural Toxin"
同义词
"(227)Ac", "227Ac", "Actinium, isotope of mass 227", "Actinum 227"
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/Ac/i1+0
键
InChIKey=QQINRWTZWGJFDB-IGMARMGPSA-N
化合物类型
Inorganic compounds
大分类
Homogeneous metal compounds
类型
Homogeneous actinide compounds
直接大类
Homogeneous actinide compounds
取代基
"Homogeneous actinide"
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
蜂窝位置
"Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
外貌
Actinium is a silvery solid metal. Due to its intense radioactivity, actinium glows in the dark with a pale blue light. (L1131)
熔点/沸点/溶解度
1323°K (1050°C, 1922°F)/3471°K (3198 °C, 5788 °F)/
暴露途径
Oral (L1837) ; Inhalation (L1837)
毒性机制
The ionizing radiation produced by actinium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1837)
致癌性
Internalized radionuclides that emit α or β particles are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) (L2150). Actinium-227 undergoes alpha and beta decay.
用途/来源
Actinium's radioactivity make it a valuable as a neutron source for energy. (L1131)
健康影响
Actinium is extremely radioactive and thus poses a dangerous cancer risk. It can also cause acute radiation syndrome. (L1131)
症状
Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)
治疗
Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (L1852)
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:20 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:22 UTC