Neptunium-237
描述
Neptunium is a chemical element with the symbol Np and atomic number 93. A radioactive metallic element, neptunium is the first transuranic element and belongs to the actinide series. Its most stable isotope, 237Np, is a by-product of nuclear reactors and plutonium production and it can be used as a component in neutron detection equipment. Neptunium is also found in trace amounts in uranium ores due to transmutation reactions. (L1849)
类别
"Industrial/Workplace Toxin", "Pollutant", "Airborne Pollutant", "Synthetic Toxin"
同义词
"(237)Np", "237Np", "Neptunium 237", "Neptunium, isotope of mass 237", "Neptunium, isotope of mass 237 (237Np5+)"
IUPAC 名称
(²³⁷Np)neptunium
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/Np/i1+0
键
InChIKey=LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-IGMARMGPSA-N
化合物类型
Inorganic compounds
大分类
Homogeneous metal compounds
类型
Homogeneous actinide compounds
直接大类
Homogeneous actinide compounds
取代基
"Homogeneous actinide"
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
蜂窝位置
"Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
暴露途径
Oral (L1837) ; Inhalation (L1837)
毒性机制
The ionizing radiation produced by neptunium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1837)
致癌性
1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
用途/来源
237Np is a by-product of nuclear reactors and plutonium production and it can be used as a component in neutron detection equipment. (L1849)
健康影响
237-Neptunium's radioactivity can cause cancer. (L1837)
症状
Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)
治疗
Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (L1852)
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:09 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:11 UTC