Radon-220
SmallMolecule
T3DB_ID
T3D0130
描述
Radon is the chemical element of symbol Rn and atomic number 86. It is a rare radioactive gas, belonging to the noble gas series, and is formed as part of three radioactive decay chains that begin with uranium or thorium. Thirty-six radioactive isotopes of radon, with mass number from 193 to 228, have been characterized. Radon-220 (half-life of 55.6 seconds) is a natural decay product of thorium and emits alpha radiation. Because of its radioactivity and unreactivity as a chemical element, radon has few uses and is seldom used in academic research. Radon is responsible for the majority of the mean public exposure to ionizing radiations. (L1075)
类别
"Industrial/Workplace Toxin", "Pollutant", "Airborne Pollutant", "Natural Toxin"
同义词
"(220)86Rn", "(220)Rn", "220Rn", "Radon 220", "radon, isotope of mass 220", "Thoron", "Thoron (Radon-220)", "Tn"
CAS登记号
22481-48-7
化学式
Rn
平均分子量
220.0114
单同位素质量
220.011384149
IUPAC 名称
(²²⁰Rn)radon
传统名称
(²²⁰Rn)radon
简化分子线性输入规范
[220Rn]
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/Rn/i1-2
InChIKey=SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-YPZZEJLDSA-N
化合物类型
Inorganic compounds
大分类
Homogeneous non-metal compounds
类型
Homogeneous noble gases
子类
直接大类
Homogeneous noble gases
另外分类
""
取代基
"Homogeneous noble gas"
分子框架
外部描述符
"radon atom"
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
起源
Exogenous
蜂窝位置
"Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
生物流体位置
组织位置
途径
状态
Gas
外貌
Colorless, odorless gas
熔点/沸点/溶解度
//
日志P
暴露途径
Oral (L1836) ; Inhalation (L1836) ;Dermal (L1836)
毒性机制
The ionizing radiation produced by radon causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1836)
代谢
Exposure to radon can occur from inhalation or dermal contact. It can also enter the body via ingestion if dissolved in water. Radon distributes mainly to the fat. It is not metabolized and may be eliminated in the urine, faeces, or expired air. (L1836)
毒性值
致死剂量
致癌性
1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
用途/来源
Radon has few uses and is seldom used in academic research. Radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings, especially in confined areas such as basements. Radon can be found in some spring waters and hot springs. (L1075)
最低风险等级
健康影响
Radon is responsible for the majority of the mean public exposure to ionizing radiations. Due to it's radioactivity, breathing high concentrations of radon can cause lung cancer. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, radon could be the second most frequent cause of lung cancer, after cigarette smoking; and radon-induced lung cancer the 6th leading cause of cancer death overall, causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States. (L1075)
症状
Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)
治疗
Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (L1852)
药库 ID
HMDB_ID
PubChem 化合物 ID
62761
维基百科链接
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:08 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:10 UTC
目标
毒素T3DB ID毒素名称目标名称
T3D0130 Radon-220 DNA
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