Aroclor 1254
描述
Aroclor 1254 is a commercial mixture of PCBs with an average chlorine content of 54%. It is composed of mainly pentachlorobiphenyls (71.44%) and hexachlorobuphenyls (21.97%) and also includes mono-, bi-, tri, tetra-, hexa, and nonachlorinated homologs. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of 209 synthetic organic compounds with 1-10 chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl. PCBs were manufactured as commercial mixtures but banned in the 1970's because they were found to bioaccumulate in the environment and cause harmful health effects. However, PCBs do not break down readily and are still found in the environment. (L4)
类别
"Industrial/Workplace Toxin", "Pollutant", "Airborne Pollutant", "Polychlorinated Biphenyl", "Synthetic Toxin"
同义词
"2,2',3,3',4'-Pentachlorobiphenyl", "2,2',3,3',4-pentachloro-1,1'-Biphenyl", "2,3,4,2',3'-Pentachlorobiphenyl", "Arochlor 1254", "Polychlorinated biphenyl (aroclor 1254)", "polychlorinated biphenyl 1254"
IUPAC 名称
1,2,3-trichloro-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)benzene
传统名称
1,2,3-trichloro-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)benzene
简化分子线性输入规范
ClC1=CC=CC(=C1Cl)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/C12H5Cl5/c13-8-3-1-2-6(10(8)15)7-4-5-9(14)12(17)11(7)16/h1-5H
键
InChIKey=AUGNBQPSMWGAJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
类型
Benzene and substituted derivatives
子类
Biphenyls and derivatives
直接大类
Polychlorinated biphenyls
另外分类
"Aryl chlorides", "Dichlorobenzenes", "Hydrocarbon derivatives", "Organochlorides"
取代基
"1,2-dichlorobenzene", "Aromatic homomonocyclic compound", "Aryl chloride", "Aryl halide", "Chlorobenzene", "Halobenzene", "Hydrocarbon derivative", "Organochloride", "Organohalogen compound", "Polychlorinated biphenyl"
分子框架
Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
蜂窝位置
"Actin Cytoskeleton", "Cell junction", "Cell surface", "Cytoskeleton", "Cytosol", "Endoplasmic reticulum", "Extracellular", "Golgi apparatus", "Lysosome", "Membrane", "Membrane Fraction", "Microsome", "Mitochondrial Matrix", "Mitochondrion", "Nuclear Membrane", "Peroxisome", "Plasma Membrane", "Ribosome", "Secretory vesicle"
途径
"Apoptosis", "Ovarian Steroidogenesis", "Cell cycle", "Long-term potentiation", "Glutathione Metabolism", "Tryptophan Metabolism", "Phenylalanine metabolism", "Fatty acid Metabolism", "Fatty Acid Biosynthesis", "Anticonvulsants", "Abc transporters"
外貌
Oily liquids or solids that are colorless to light yellow.
熔点/沸点/溶解度
/365-390 °C/4.3e-05 mg/mL at 20 °C [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]
暴露途径
Oral (L4) ; inhalation (L4) ; dermal (L4)
毒性机制
The mechanism of action varies with the specific PCB. Dioxin-like PCBs bind to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which disrupts cell function by altering the transcription of genes, mainly be inducing the expression of hepatic Phase I and Phase II enzymes, especially of the cytochrome P450 family. Most of the toxic effects of PCBs are believed to be results of Ah receptor binding. Other PBCs are believed to interfere with calcium channels and/or change brain dopamine levels. PCBs can also cause endocrine disurption by altering the production of thyroid hormones and binding to estrogen receptors, which can stimulate the growth of certain cancer cells and produce other estrogenic effects, such as reproductive dysfunction. They will bioaccumulate by binding to receptor proteins such as uteroglobin. (A3, A4, A30, A66)
代谢
PCBs are absorbed via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes of exposure. They are transported in the blood, often bound to albumin. Due to their lipophilic nature they tend to accumulate in lipid-rich tissues, such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skin. Metabolism of PCBs is very slow and varies based on the degree and position of chlorination. PCBs are metabolized by the microsomal monooxygenase system catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 enzymes to polar metabolites that can undergo conjugation with glutathione and glucuronic acid. The major metabolites are hydroxylated products which are excreted in the bile and faeces. The slow metabolism of PCBs means they tend to accumulate in body tissues. (L4, T6)
毒性值
LD50: 1010 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L135)
LD50: 358 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (L135)
LD50: 880 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (L135)
致癌性
1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
用途/来源
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
最低风险等级
Intermediate Oral: 0.03 ug/kg/day (L134)
健康影响
The most common health effects of PCBs are skin conditions such as chloracne and rashes. Chronic PCB exposure has also been shown to cause liver, stomach and kidney, damage, jaundice, edema, anemia, changes in the immune system, behavioral alterations, and impaired reproduction. (L4)
症状
Chronic PCB exposure results in symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, depression, nervousness, dermal and ocular lesions, fatigue, irregular menstrual cycles and a lowered immune response. (A3)
治疗
There are no specific treatments for PCB poisoning, since it is not usually recognized until after substantial chronic exposure. Only preventing further exposure and treating the observed symptoms can be done. Acute inhalation can be treated by administering oxygen. (L4)
维基百科链接
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl
创建于
2009-03-06 18:57:55 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:20:52 UTC