Polonium-210
SmallMolecule
T3DB_ID
T3D0122
描述
Polonium is a chemical element with the symbol Po and atomic number 84, discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie. A rare and highly radioactive metalloid, polonium is chemically similar to bismuth and tellurium, and it occurs in uranium ores. When it is mixed or alloyed with beryllium, polonium can be a neutron source and has been used in this capacity as a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons. Polonium has also been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. It is unstable and all isotopes of polonium are radioactive. It is one ingredient of cigarette. (L1842)
类别
"Cigarette Toxin", "Pollutant", "Airborne Pollutant", "Natural Toxin"
同义词
"(210)84Po", "(210)Po", "210-Polonium", "210Po", "Polonium 210", "Polonium, isotope of mass 210"
CAS登记号
13981-52-7
化学式
Po
平均分子量
209.9829
单同位素质量
209.982857396
IUPAC 名称
(²¹⁰Po)polanylidene
传统名称
(²¹⁰Po)polanylidene
简化分子线性输入规范
[210Po]
InChI 标识符
InChI=1S/Po/i1+1
InChIKey=HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-OUBTZVSYSA-N
化合物类型
Inorganic compounds
大分类
Homogeneous metal compounds
类型
Homogeneous metalloid compounds
子类
直接大类
Homogeneous metalloid compounds
另外分类
""
取代基
"Homogeneous metalloid"
分子框架
外部描述符
"polonium atom"
地位
Detected and Not Quantified
起源
Exogenous
蜂窝位置
"Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
生物流体位置
组织位置
途径
状态
外貌
熔点/沸点/溶解度
//
日志P
暴露途径
Oral (L1842); Inhalation (L1842)
毒性机制
The alpha radiation polonium emits does not penetrate the skin but can irradiate internal organs when polonium is inhaled or ingested. The ionizing radiation produced by plutonium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1837, L1842)
代谢
毒性值
致死剂量
致癌性
1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)
用途/来源
When it is mixed or alloyed with beryllium, polonium can be a neutron source and has been used in this capacity as a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons. Polonium has also been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. (L1842)
最低风险等级
健康影响
Polonium's radioactivity can cause cancer, especially of the lung, if ingested of inhaled. (L1842)
症状
Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)
治疗
Chelation agents such as British Anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol) can be used to decontaminate humans. Treatment reversing the effects of irradiation is currently not possible. Anaesthetics and antiemetics are administered to counter the symptoms of exposure, as well as antibiotics for countering secondary infections due to the resulting immune system deficiency. (L1852, L1842)
药库 ID
HMDB_ID
PubChem 化合物 ID
6328544
维基百科链接
创建于
2009-03-06 18:58:07 UTC
更新于
2014-12-24 20:21:09 UTC
目标
毒素T3DB ID毒素名称目标名称
T3D0122 Polonium-210 DNA
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