类

SmallMolecule

T3DB_ID

T3D0012

描述

Insecticide. Clofenotane is a major component of commercial DDT (other names *Gespan*, *Gesarol*, *Geverol*, *Chlorophenotane*). Use banned or discouraged in many countriesClofenotane belongs to the family of Diphenylmethanes. These are compounds containing a diphenylmethane moiety, which consists of a methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups[1]. (Reference: [1] Diphenylmethane: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphenylmethane).

类别

"Cigarette Toxin", "Pesticide", "Pollutant", "Food Toxin", "Synthetic Toxin"

同义词

"1,1'-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene)", "1,1'-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro)-Benzene", "1,1'-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene)I", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl)ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-Ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-Ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis-(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane", "1,1,1-Trichloro-2-2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1,1-Trichlorobis(chlorophenyl)ethane", "1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane", "1,1-Bis(p-Chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichIoroethane", "1,1-Bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane", "1-Chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene", "2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-Ethane", "2,2,2-Trichlorobis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane", "2,2-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane", "Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane", "Chlofenotan", "Chlorophenothane", "Chlorphenotane", "DDT", "Dicophane, BAN", "Diphenyltrichloroethane", "p,p'-DDT, BSI", "Zeidane", "Zerdane", "Zithiol"

CAS登记号

50-29-3

化学式

C14H9Cl5

平均分子量

354.486

单同位素质量

351.914688823

IUPAC 名称

1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene

传统名称

detox

简化分子线性输入规范

ClC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl

InChI 标识符

InChI=1S/C14H9Cl5/c15-11-5-1-9(2-6-11)13(14(17,18)19)10-3-7-12(16)8-4-10/h1-8,13H

键

InChIKey=YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

化合物类型

Organic compounds

大分类

Benzenoids

类型

Benzene and substituted derivatives

子类

Diphenylmethanes

直接大类

Diphenylmethanes

另外分类

"Alkyl chlorides", "Aryl chlorides", "Chlorobenzenes", "Hydrocarbon derivatives", "Organochlorides"

取代基

"Alkyl chloride", "Alkyl halide", "Aromatic homomonocyclic compound", "Aryl chloride", "Aryl halide", "Chlorobenzene", "Diphenylmethane", "Halobenzene", "Hydrocarbon derivative", "Organochloride", "Organohalogen compound"

分子框架

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

外部描述符

"Organochlorine insecticides", "Organochlorine pesticides", "an insecticide", "benzenoid aromatic compound", "chlorophenylethane", "monochlorobenzenes", "organochlorine insecticide"

地位

Detected and Not Quantified

起源

Exogenous

蜂窝位置

"Membrane"

生物流体位置

组织位置

途径

状态

Solid

外貌

White powder.

熔点/沸点/溶解度

108.5 - 109°C//5.5e-06 mg/mL at 25°C

日志P

6.91

暴露途径

Oral (L85)

毒性机制

DDT toxicity occurs via at least four mechanisms, possibly all functioning simultaneously. DDT reduces potassium transport across the membrane. DDT inhibits the inactivation of voltaged-gated sodium channels. The channels activate (open) normally but are inactivated (closed) slowly, thus interfering with the active transport of sodium out of the nerve axon during repolarization and resulting in a state of hyperexcitability. DDT inhibits neuronal adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases), particularly Na+K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase which play vital roles in neuronal repolarization. DDT also inhibits the ability of calmodulin, a calcium mediator in nerves, to transport calcium ions that are essential for the release of neurotransmitters. All these inhibited functions reduce the rate of depolarization and increase the sensitivity of neurons to small stimuli that would not elicit a response in a fully depolarized neuron. DDT is also believed to adversely affect the reproductive system by mimicking endogenous hormones and binding to the estrogen and adrogen receptors. (T10, L85)

代谢

DDT is absorbed in the stomach and intestine, after which it enters the lymphatic system and is carried throughout the body and incorporated into fatty tissues. Metabolism of DDT occurs mainly via cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver and kidney, where it undergoes reductive dechlorination to DDD (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) and DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene). These compounds are further degraded into additional metabolites, mainly DDA (bis(p-chlorophenyl) acetic acid), which are excreted in the urine. (L85)

毒性值

LD50: 87 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L141) LD50: 1931 mg/kg (Dermal, Rat) (L141) LD50: 1500 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (L141)

致死剂量

致癌性

DDT is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). (L2151)

用途/来源

DDT is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)

最低风险等级

Acute Oral: 0.0005 mg/kg/day (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.0005 mg/kg/day (L134)

健康影响

Exposure to DDT causes loss of weight and anorexia. DDT poisoning affects CNS function in humans, but pathologic changes are observed in the liver and reproductive organs. Hypertrophy of hepatocytes and subcellular organelles such as mitochondria, proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, centrolobular necrosis after exposure to high concentrations, and an increase in the incidence of hepatic tumors have been noted. (T10)

症状

Acute signs of DDT poisoning include paresthesia after oral ingestion. Studies have shown that a mammal poisoned with DDT-type agents displays periodic persistent tremoring and/or convulsive seizures that are suggestive of repetitive discharges in neurons. These repetitive tremors and seizures can be initiated by tactile and auditory stimuli. (T10)

治疗

Treatment of DDT exposure should be primarily directed towards decontamination and supportive care, as there is no specific antidote. The use of gastric lavage and activated charcoal for large ingestions may be effective. (L140)

药库 ID

HMDB_ID

HMDB32127

PubChem 化合物 ID

3036

维基百科链接

创建于

2009-03-06 18:57:55 UTC

更新于

2014-12-24 20:20:52 UTC

目标

毒素T3DB ID	毒素名称	目标名称
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Thyrotropin receptor
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Progesterone receptor
T3D0012	Clofenotane	G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel subunit beta-4
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel subunit beta-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel subunit beta-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel subunit beta-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Androgen receptor
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Estrogen receptor beta
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Estrogen receptor alpha
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Calmodulin
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2
T3D0012	Clofenotane	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1