版本
5.0
创建日期
2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
更新日期
2021-09-14 15:00:08 UTC
登录号
HMDB0000078
地位
quantified
二级访问
HMDB00078

HMDB0028775

HMDB28775

名称
Cysteinylglycine
描述
Cysteinylglycine is a naturally occurring dipeptide composed of cysteine and glycine. It is derived from the breakdown of glutathione (a tripeptide). In plasma, cysteinylglycine is in a reduced, oxidized, and protein-bound form (aminothiol) and interacts via redox and disulphide exchange reactions in a dynamic system referred to as redox thiol status (PMID: 8642471). Spermatozoa of sub-fertile men contain significantly higher thiol concentrations as compared with those of fertile men. The detrimental effect on embryo quality of a high homocysteine (Hcy) concentration in the ejaculate and in the follicular fluid is intriguing and may suggest that Hcy is inversely associated with fertility outcome (PMID: 16556671). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which involves the synovial membrane of multiple diarthroidal joints causing damage to cartilage and bones. The damage process seems to be related to an overproduction of oxygen reactive species inducing an oxidative perturbation with an increase in some oxidized forms (disulfides and protein mixed disulfides) and a decrease in free thiols (PMID: 15895891). Imipenem (thienamycin formamidine) is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, always used in combination with cilastatin in order to avoid the premature breakdown of imipenem by renal tubular dipeptidase. As this dipeptidase also hydrolyzes the glutathione metabolite cysteinylglycine, the therapeutic association of imipenem and cilastatin causes plasma levels of cysteinylglycine to increase significantly, while cysteine levels are decreased and homocysteine levels are unaffected. Therefore, antibiotic treatment using imipenem-cilastatin induces important metabolic changes that should not remain unrecognized (PMID: 15843241).
同义词
1:CG

2:Cys-gly

3:N-L-Cysteinylglycine

4:L-Cysteinylglycine

5:N-Cysteinyl glycine

6:N-Cysteinyl-glycine

7:N-L-Cysteinyl-glycine

8:Cysteinyl-glycine

9:C-g Dipeptide

10:CG Dipeptide

11:Cysteine glycine dipeptide

12:Cysteine-glycine dipeptide

13:L-Cys-gly

14:N-Cysteinylglycine

15:Cysteinylglycine

化学式
C5H10N2O3S
平均分子量
178.21
等位分子量
178.041212886
化学名称
2-[(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanamido]acetic acid
传统名称
Cys-Gly
CAS 登记号
19246-18-5
代谢物结构字符串
N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(O)=O
inchi标识符
InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3S/c6-3(2-11)5(10)7-1-4(8)9/h3,11H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,10)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1
印记键
ZUKPVRWZDMRIEO-VKHMYHEASA-N
分类学
description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond.

description:Dipeptides

kingdom:Organic compounds

super_class:Organic acids and derivatives

class:Carboxylic acids and derivatives

sub_class:Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

molecular_framework:Aliphatic acyclic compounds

1:Alkylthiols

2:Alpha amino acid amides

3:Amino acids

4:Carbonyl compounds

5:Carboxylic acids

6:Cysteine and derivatives

7:Hydrocarbon derivatives

8:Monoalkylamines

9:Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives

10:N-acyl-alpha amino acids

11:Organic oxides

12:Organopnictogen compounds

13:Secondary carboxylic acid amides

14:Aliphatic acyclic compound

15:Alkylthiol

16:Alpha-amino acid amide

17:Alpha-amino acid or derivatives

18:Alpha-dipeptide

19:Amine

20:Amino acid

21:Amino acid or derivatives

22:Carbonyl group

23:Carboxamide group

24:Carboxylic acid

25:Cysteine or derivatives

26:Hydrocarbon derivative

27:Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives

28:N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives

29:N-acyl-alpha-amino acid

30:Organic nitrogen compound

31:Organic oxide

32:Organic oxygen compound

33:Organonitrogen compound

34:Organooxygen compound

35:Organopnictogen compound

36:Organosulfur compound

37:Primary aliphatic amine

38:Primary amine

39:Secondary carboxylic acid amide

40:dipeptide

本体论
term:Disposition

definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Route of exposure

definition:A mean by which a chemical agent comes in contact with an organism, either under intended or unintended circumstances.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Enteral

definition:Chemical exposure via the alimentary canal (mouth to anus).

parent_id:7743

**level:3

type:parent

term:Ingestion

definition:Chemical exposure facilitated by entry through the mouth.

parent_id:7744

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Digestion

term:Source

definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Endogenous

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Food

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Biological

definition:A living organism (species or a higher taxonomy rank), in which a chemical can be found.

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:parent

term:Animal

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom animalia. it feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Fauna

term:Plant

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom plantea. typically, it grows in a permanent site, absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizes nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. examples incude trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:parent

synonym:Flora

term:Biological location

definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Tissue and substructures

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple cells yet not comprising a complete organ .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Placenta

definition:An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin b. (nci).

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Biofluid and excreta

definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Saliva

definition:The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Urine

definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Blood

definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Cerebrospinal fluid

definition:The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Csf

term:Subcellular

definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Cytoplasm

definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Cytoplasma

term:Cell and elements

definition:An anatomical organizational level comprising of a single cell (or a fragment in some exceptions). a cell is defined by its type or function. it is the smallest unit of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Extracellular

definition:The space external to the outermost structure of a cell.

parent_id:7732

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Extracellular region

term:Process

definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Naturally occurring process

definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:7659

*level:2

type:parent

term:Biological process

definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.

parent_id:7660

**level:3

type:parent

term:Biochemical pathway

definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.

parent_id:7661

***level:4

type:parent

状态
Solid
实验性质
预测性质
1:

kind:logp

value:-2.59

source:ALOGPS

2:

kind:logs

value:-1.46

source:ALOGPS

3:

kind:solubility

value:6.25 g/L

source:ALOGPS

4:

kind:logp

value:-3.9

source:ChemAxon

5:

kind:pka_strongest_acidic

value:3.6

source:ChemAxon

6:

kind:pka_strongest_basic

value:8.08

source:ChemAxon

7:

kind:iupac

value:2-[(2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanamido]acetic acid

source:ChemAxon

8:

kind:average_mass

value:178.21

source:ChemAxon

9:

kind:mono_mass

value:178.041212886

source:ChemAxon

10:

kind:smiles

value:N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(O)=O

source:ChemAxon

11:

kind:formula

value:C5H10N2O3S

source:ChemAxon

12:

kind:inchi

value:InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3S/c6-3(2-11)5(10)7-1-4(8)9/h3,11H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,10)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1

source:ChemAxon

13:

kind:inchikey

value:ZUKPVRWZDMRIEO-VKHMYHEASA-N

source:ChemAxon

14:

kind:polar_surface_area

value:92.42

source:ChemAxon

15:

kind:refractivity

value:41.03

source:ChemAxon

16:

kind:polarizability

value:16.97

source:ChemAxon

17:

kind:rotatable_bond_count

value:4

source:ChemAxon

18:

kind:acceptor_count

value:4

source:ChemAxon

19:

kind:donor_count

value:4

source:ChemAxon

20:

kind:physiological_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

21:

kind:formal_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

22:

kind:number_of_rings

value:0

source:ChemAxon

23:

kind:bioavailability

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

24:

kind:rule_of_five

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

25:

kind:ghose_filter

value:No

source:ChemAxon

26:

kind:veber_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

27:

kind:mddr_like_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

光谱
生物学性质
1:

cellular:(1):Cytoplasm

cellular:(2):Extracellular

2:

biospecimen:(1):Blood

biospecimen:(2):Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

biospecimen:(3):Feces

biospecimen:(4):Saliva

biospecimen:(5):Urine

3:

tissue:(1):Placenta

4:

[1]:

name:5-oxoprolinase deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00500

kegg_map_id:

[2]:

name:5-Oxoprolinuria

smpdb_id:SMP00143

kegg_map_id:

[3]:

name:Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00501

kegg_map_id:

[4]:

name:Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00183

kegg_map_id:

[5]:

name:Glutathione metabolism

smpdb_id:

kegg_map_id:map00480

[6]:

name:Glutathione Synthetase Deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00337

kegg_map_id:

正常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:65.7 +/- 4.6

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

2:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:13.6 +/- 3.6

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

3:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:51.7 +/- 1.7

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

4:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:63.4 +/- 7.4

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

5:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:54.0 +/- 18.8

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

6:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:56.0 +/- 7.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

7:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:51.8 +/- 4.9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

8:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:57.5 +/- 5.9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

9:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:53.2 +/- 7.7

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

10:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:2.31 (0.99-3.62)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

11:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

12:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:0.40 +/- 0.08

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

13:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:6.05 +/- 5.12

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

14:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:4.73 +/- 2.33

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

15:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.6 (0.28-1.54)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

16:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.48 +/- 0.15

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

异常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:6.0 (2.0-10.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

疾病参考
1:

name:Phenylketonuria

omim_id:261600

[1]:

reference_text:Perry TL, Hansen S: Cystinylglycine in plasma: diagnostic relevance for pyroglutamic acidemia, homocystinuria, and phenylketonuria. Clin Chim Acta. 1981 Nov 25;117(1):7-12.

pubmed_id:7333014

[2]:

reference_text:Monch E, Kneer J, Jakobs C, Arnold M, Diehl H, Batzler U: Examination of urine metabolites in the newborn period and during protein loading tests at 6 months of age--Part 1. Eur J Pediatr. 1990;149 Suppl 1:S17-24.

pubmed_id:2091926

[3]:

reference_text:Deng C, Shang C, Hu Y, Zhang X: Rapid diagnosis of phenylketonuria and other aminoacidemias by quantitative analysis of amino acids in neonatal blood spots by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Jul 25;775(1):115-20.

pubmed_id:12101068

[4]:

reference_text:Elvers LH, Loeber JG, Dhondt JL, Fukushi M, Hannon WH, Torresani T, Webster D: First ISNS Reference Preparation for Neonatal Screening for thyrotropin, phenylalanine and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in blood spots. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2007 Aug;30(4):609. Epub 2007 Jun 14.

pubmed_id:17574536

[5]:

reference_text:Langenbeck U, Behbehani A, Luthe H: Renal transport of aromatic acids in patients with phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1981;4(2):69-70.

pubmed_id:6790852

[6]:

reference_text:Peck H, Pollitt RJ: The occurrence of gamma-glutamylphenylalanine in the urine of newborn phenylketonurics. Clin Chim Acta. 1979 Jun 15;94(3):237-40.

pubmed_id:466810

[7]:

reference_text:Clemens PC, Schunemann MH, Hoffmann GF, Kohlschutter A: Plasma concentrations of phenyllactic acid in phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1990;13(2):227-8.

pubmed_id:2116554

[8]:

reference_text:Gronwald W, Klein MS, Kaspar H, Fagerer SR, Nurnberger N, Dettmer K, Bertsch T, Oefner PJ: Urinary metabolite quantification employing 2D NMR spectroscopy. Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 1;80(23):9288-97. doi: 10.1021/ac801627c.

pubmed_id:19551947

[9]:

reference_text:Jansen RS, Addie R, Merkx R, Fish A, Mahakena S, Bleijerveld OB, Altelaar M, IJlst L, Wanders RJ, Borst P, van de Wetering K: N-lactoyl-amino acids are ubiquitous metabolites that originate from CNDP2-mediated reverse proteolysis of lactate and amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 May 26;112(21):6601-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1424638112. Epub 2015 May 11.

pubmed_id:25964343

[10]:

reference_text:Swarna M, Jyothy A, Usha Rani P, Reddy PP: Amino acid disorders in mental retardation: a two-decade study from Andhra Pradesh. Biochem Genet. 2004 Apr;42(3-4):85-98.

pubmed_id:15168722

[11]:

reference_text:Rampini S, Vollmin JA, Bosshard HR, Muller M, Curtius HC: Aromatic acids in urine of healthy infants, persistent hyperphenylalaninemia, and phenylketonuria, before and after phenylalanine load. Pediatr Res. 1974 Jul;8(7):704-9.

pubmed_id:4837567

[12]:

reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

pubmed_id:

KEGG数据库编号
C01419
DrugBank数据库编号
foodb数据库编号
FDB021891
ChemSpider数据库编号
388596
公共化学化合物编号
439498
PDB数据库编号
生物利益的化学实体数据库编号
4047
knapsack数据库编号
维基百科编号
代谢途径的数据库编号
CYS-GLY
苯酚资源管理器化合物数据库编号
比格数据库编号
1445980
梅林编号
5134
虚拟机身份证编号
CGLY
fbonto数据库编号
综合参考
Holleman, James W. Synthesis of glutathione and cysteinylglycine by soluble enzymes of rat liver. Compt. rend. (1954), 238 1360-1.
一般参考
1:

protein_accession:HMDBP00448

name:Aminopeptidase N

uniprot_id:P15144

gene_name:ANPEP

protein_type:Unknown

2:

protein_accession:HMDBP00730

name:Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1

uniprot_id:P19440

gene_name:GGT1

protein_type:Enzyme

3:

protein_accession:HMDBP00731

name:Gamma-glutamyltransferase 7

uniprot_id:Q9UJ14

gene_name:GGT7

protein_type:Enzyme

4:

protein_accession:HMDBP00865

name:Cytosol aminopeptidase

uniprot_id:P28838

gene_name:LAP3

protein_type:Unknown

5:

protein_accession:HMDBP07358

name:Gamma-glutamyltransferase 6

uniprot_id:Q6P531

gene_name:GGT6

protein_type:Enzyme

6:

protein_accession:HMDBP09342

name:GGT7 protein

uniprot_id:A0PJJ9

gene_name:GGT7

protein_type:Enzyme

7:

protein_accession:HMDBP09343

name:Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5

uniprot_id:P36269

gene_name:GGT5

protein_type:Enzyme

8:

protein_accession:HMDBP11747

name:Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 2

uniprot_id:P36268

gene_name:GGT2

protein_type:Unknown

9:

protein_accession:HMDBP11748

name:Putative gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 3

uniprot_id:A6NGU5

gene_name:GGT3P

protein_type:Unknown

蛋白质结合
1:

reference_text:Perry TL, Hansen S: Cystinylglycine in plasma: diagnostic relevance for pyroglutamic acidemia, homocystinuria, and phenylketonuria. Clin Chim Acta. 1981 Nov 25;117(1):7-12.

pubmed_id:7333014

2:

reference_text:Bald E, Glowacki R: Analysis of saliva for glutathione and metabolically related thiols by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Amino Acids. 2005 Jun;28(4):431-3. Epub 2005 May 20.

pubmed_id:15900404

3:

reference_text:Reddy VB, Doss GA, Creighton M, Kochansky CJ, Vincent SH, Franklin RB, Karanam BV: Identification and metabolism of a novel dihydrohydroxy-S-glutathionyl conjugate of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonist, MK-0767 [(+/-)-5-[(2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-yl)methyl]-2-methoxy-N-[[(4-trifluoromethyl) phenyl]methyl]benzamide], in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Oct;32(10):1154-61. Epub 2004 Jun 30.

pubmed_id:15229171

4:

reference_text:Pastore A, Massoud R, Motti C, Lo Russo A, Fucci G, Cortese C, Federici G: Fully automated assay for total homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutathione, cysteamine, and 2-mercaptopropionylglycine in plasma and urine. Clin Chem. 1998 Apr;44(4):825-32.

pubmed_id:9554495

5:

reference_text:Mansoor MA, Svardal AM, Ueland PM: Determination of the in vivo redox status of cysteine, cysteinylglycine, homocysteine, and glutathione in human plasma. Anal Biochem. 1992 Feb 1;200(2):218-29.

pubmed_id:1632485

6:

reference_text:Fiskerstrand T, Refsum H, Kvalheim G, Ueland PM: Homocysteine and other thiols in plasma and urine: automated determination and sample stability. Clin Chem. 1993 Feb;39(2):263-71.

pubmed_id:8432015

7:

reference_text:Raijmakers MT, Roes EM, Zusterzeel PL, Steegers EA, Peters WH: Thiol status and antioxidant capacity in women with a history of severe pre-eclampsia. BJOG. 2004 Mar;111(3):207-12.

pubmed_id:14961880

8:

reference_text:Duman BS, Ozturk M, Yilmazeri S, Hatemi H: Thiols, malonaldehyde and total antioxidant status in the Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2003 Nov;201(3):147-55.

pubmed_id:14649736

9:

reference_text:Van Hove JL, Lazeyras F, Zeisel SH, Bottiglieri T, Hyland K, Charles HC, Gray L, Jaeken J, Kahler SG: One-methyl group metabolism in non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia: mildly elevated cerebrospinal fluid homocysteine levels. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1998 Dec;21(8):799-811.

pubmed_id:9870205

10:

reference_text:Josch C, Sies H, Akerboom TP: Hepatic mercapturic acid formation: involvement of cytosolic cysteinylglycine S-conjugate dipeptidase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998 Sep 15;56(6):763-71.

pubmed_id:9751082

11:

reference_text:Jacobsen DW, Gatautis VJ, Green R, Robinson K, Savon SR, Secic M, Ji J, Otto JM, Taylor LM Jr: Rapid HPLC determination of total homocysteine and other thiols in serum and plasma: sex differences and correlation with cobalamin and folate concentrations in healthy subjects. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):873-81.

pubmed_id:8087981

12:

reference_text:Zinellu A, Carru C, Galistu F, Usai MF, Pes GM, Baggio G, Federici G, Deiana L: N-methyl-D-glucamine improves the laser-induced fluorescence capillary electrophoresis performance in the total plasma thiols measurement. Electrophoresis. 2003 Aug;24(16):2796-804.

pubmed_id:12929176

13:

reference_text:Zappacosta B, Manni A, Persichilli S, Scribano D, Minucci A, Lazzaro D, De Sole P, Giardina B: HPLC analysis of some sulphur compounds in saliva: comparison between healthy subjects and periodontopathic patients. Clin Chim Acta. 2003 Dec;338(1-2):57-60.

pubmed_id:14637266

14:

reference_text:Andersson A, Isaksson A, Brattstrom L, Hultberg B: Homocysteine and other thiols determined in plasma by HPLC and thiol-specific postcolumn derivatization. Clin Chem. 1993 Aug;39(8):1590-7.

pubmed_id:8353942

15:

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