创建日期
2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
更新日期
2021-09-07 16:24:00 UTC
描述
Bilirubin is a yellow bile pigment that is a degradation product of heme. It occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates. This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. Bilirubin has been found in all vertebrates and in certain plants including Strelitzia nicolai (PMID: 28573242). Bilirubin levels in humans are elevated in certain diseases such as jaundice and liver disease and it is responsible for the yellow color of bruises and the yellow discoloration in jaundice. Bilirubin breakdown products, such as stercobilin, cause the brown color of feces. A different breakdown product, urobilin, is the main component of the straw-yellow color in urine. Bilirubin consists of an open chain of four pyrroles (tetrapyrrole). It is formed by oxidative cleavage of a porphyrin in heme, which leads to biliverdin, a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment that is also a product of heme catabolism. Biliverdin is then reduced to bilirubin via biliverdin reductase. After conjugation with glucuronic acid, bilirubin can be excreted in the urine. Bilirubin is structurally similar to the pigment phycobilin used by certain algae to capture light energy, and to the pigment phytochrome used by plants to sense light. Elevated bilirubin levels in humans are associated with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an inability to properly convert and clear bilirubin from the body. Affected individuals cannot convert unconjugated bilirubin to the conjugated form because they lack a specific liver enzyme required to break down (metabolize) bilirubin. Since they cannot convert bilirubin, they develop abnormally high levels of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia). Crigler-Najjar syndrome is caused by mutations in the UGT1A1 gene. The hallmark finding of Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a persistent yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes and whites of the eyes (jaundice). Elevation of both alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin levels in serum or plasma can be indicative of serious liver injury. High levels of bilirubin are indicative of jaundice, which is easily recognizable due to a yellowing of the skin and eyes. Bilirubin is also an antioxidant. Bilirubin's antioxidant activity may be particularly important in the brain, where it prevents excitotoxicity and neuronal death by scavenging superoxide during N-methyl-D-aspartic acid neurotransmission (PMID: 31353321).
同义词
1:1,10,19,22,23,24-Hexahydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinylbiline-8,12-dipropionic acid
2:2,17-Diethenyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-3,7,13,18-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoic acid
3:2,7,13,17-Tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoic acid
4:8,12-Bis(2-carboxyethyl)-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-3,18-divinylbiladiene-ac-1,19(21H,24H)-dione
5:Bilirubin(Z,Z)
6:Bilirubin-ixalpha
7:1,10,19,22,23,24-Hexahydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinylbiline-8,12-dipropionate
8:2,17-Diethenyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-3,7,13,18-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoate
9:2,7,13,17-Tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoate
10:Bilirubin ixalpha
11:(4Z,15Z)-Bilirubin ixa
12:(Z,Z)-Bilirubin ixa
13:1,10,19,22,23,24-Hexahydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinyl-biline-8,12-dipropionate
14:1,10,19,22,23,24-Hexahydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinyl-biline-8,12-dipropionic acid
15:3-(2-((3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-((3-methyl-5-oxo-4-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-5-((4-methyl-5-oxo-3-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propanoate
16:3-(2-((3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-((3-methyl-5-oxo-4-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-5-((4-methyl-5-oxo-3-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propanoic acid
17:3-(2-((3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-[(Z)-(3-methyl-5-oxo-4-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-5-[(Z)-(4-methyl-5-oxo-3-vinyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene
18:3-[2-[[3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-5-[(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-5-[(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoate
19:3-[2-[[3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-5-[(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-5-[(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid
20:3-[2-[[3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-5-[(Z)-(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-5-[(Z)-(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoate
21:3-[2-[[3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-5-[(Z)-(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-5-[(Z)-(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid
22:Bilirubin IX-alpha
23:Cholerythrin
24:Hematoidin
25:Bilirubin IX alpha
化学名称
3-(2-{[3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-{[(2Z)-4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl}-5-{[(2Z)-3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propanoic acid
代谢物结构字符串
CC1=C(C=C)\C(NC1=O)=C\C1=C(C)C(CCC(O)=O)=C(CC2=C(CCC(O)=O)C(C)=C(N2)\C=C2/NC(=O)C(C=C)=C2C)N1
inchi标识符
InChI=1S/C33H36N4O6/c1-7-20-19(6)32(42)37-27(20)14-25-18(5)23(10-12-31(40)41)29(35-25)15-28-22(9-11-30(38)39)17(4)24(34-28)13-26-16(3)21(8-2)33(43)36-26/h7-8,13-14,34-35H,1-2,9-12,15H2,3-6H3,(H,36,43)(H,37,42)(H,38,39)(H,40,41)/b26-13-,27-14-
印记键
BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N
分类学
description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bilirubins. These are organic compounds containing a dicarboxylic acyclic tetrapyrrole derivative.
description:Bilirubins
kingdom:Organic compounds
super_class:Organoheterocyclic compounds
class:Tetrapyrroles and derivatives
sub_class:Bilirubins
molecular_framework:Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
1:Azacyclic compounds
2:Carbonyl compounds
3:Carboxylic acids
4:Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
5:Heteroaromatic compounds
6:Hydrocarbon derivatives
7:Lactams
8:Organic oxides
9:Organonitrogen compounds
10:Organopnictogen compounds
11:Pyrrolines
12:Secondary carboxylic acid amides
13:Substituted pyrroles
14:Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
15:Azacycle
16:Bilirubin skeleton
17:Carbonyl group
18:Carboxamide group
19:Carboxylic acid
20:Carboxylic acid derivative
21:Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
22:Heteroaromatic compound
23:Hydrocarbon derivative
24:Lactam
25:Organic nitrogen compound
26:Organic oxide
27:Organic oxygen compound
28:Organonitrogen compound
29:Organooxygen compound
30:Organopnictogen compound
31:Pyrrole
32:Pyrroline
33:Secondary carboxylic acid amide
34:Substituted pyrrole
35:biladienes
36:dicarboxylic acid
本体论
term:Physiological effect
definition:The effect on an organism physiology, resulting from its exposure to a chemical.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Health effect
definition:A health condition or observation associated with a stimuli or with a biological activity of a chemical.
parent_id:7693
*level:2
type:parent
term:Health condition
definition:A health effect that consists on short or long-term disease, condition, disorder, syndrome or constant abnormality.
parent_id:7694
**level:3
type:parent
term:Crigler-najjar syndrome type i
definition:
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Crigler-najjar syndrome
synonym:Udp-glucuronosyltransferase, severe deficiency type i
synonym:Cn1
term:Gallbladder disease
definition:A gastrointestinal system disease that is located in the gallbladder. (do).
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Gallstone disease
synonym:Gall-bladder disease
term:Cerebral vasospasm
definition:
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
term:Growth hormone deficiency
definition:A finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormally low levels of growth hormone in a biological specimen. (nci ctcae).
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Ghd
term:Crohn's disease
definition:
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Regional enteritis
synonym:Granulomatous colitis
term:Disposition
definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Route of exposure
definition:A mean by which a chemical agent comes in contact with an organism, either under intended or unintended circumstances.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Enteral
definition:Chemical exposure via the alimentary canal (mouth to anus).
parent_id:7743
**level:3
type:parent
term:Ingestion
definition:Chemical exposure facilitated by entry through the mouth.
parent_id:7744
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Digestion
term:Source
definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Endogenous
definition:
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:child
term:Food
definition:
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:child
term:Biological
definition:A living organism (species or a higher taxonomy rank), in which a chemical can be found.
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:parent
term:Animal
definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom animalia. it feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli.
parent_id:7736
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Fauna
term:Plant
definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom plantea. typically, it grows in a permanent site, absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizes nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. examples incude trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.
parent_id:7736
***level:4
type:parent
synonym:Flora
term:Biological location
definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Tissue and substructures
definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple cells yet not comprising a complete organ .
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Placenta
definition:An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin b. (nci).
parent_id:7729
***level:4
type:child
term:Muscle
definition:A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion. (nci).
parent_id:7729
***level:4
type:child
term:Organ and components
definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple tissues or substructures, which enables a common biological function.
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Lymph node
definition:Secondary lymphoid organ associated with lymphatic vessels and consisting of an outer cortex, inner medulla and sinuses. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Intestine
definition:The portion of the gastrointestinal tract that includes the small and large intestines.
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Spleen
definition:An abdominal organ that is part of the hematopoietic and immune systems. it is composed of the white pulp and the red pulp and is surrounded by a capsule. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Bone marrow
definition:The tissue occupying the spaces of some bones. it consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Brain
definition:An organ composed of grey and white matter that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. it is protected by the bony cranium. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Liver
definition:An abdominal organ that has variable lobation which are composed mainly of hepatic lobules. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Skin
definition:An organ that constitutes the external surface of the body. it consists of the epidermis, dermis, and skin appendages. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Kidney
definition:The organs of the urinary tract located in the retroperitoneal cavity adjacent to the spine and composed of the renal cortex and the renal medulla. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Kidneys
term:Pancreas
definition:A digestive organ in the abdomen that has both endocrine and exocrine functions. (nci).
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:child
term:Endocrine gland
definition:
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:parent
term:Biofluid and excreta
definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Bile
definition:Fluid composed of waste products, bile acids, salts, cholesterol, and electrolytes. it is secreted by the liver parenchyma and stored in the gallbladder. (nci).
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Feces
definition:The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Fecal
synonym:Stool
synonym:Faecal
synonym:Faeces
term:Urine
definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Blood
definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Cerebrospinal fluid
definition:The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (nci).
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Csf
term:Subcellular
definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Cytoplasm
definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Cytoplasma
term:Membrane
definition:
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
term:Endoplasmic reticulum
definition:A network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), involved in the transport of materials. (Infoplease Dictionary via NCI)
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Er
term:Myelin sheath
definition:A layer of phospholipids and protein found on neuronal axons. this structure acts as an electrical insulator that allows nerve impulses to travel faster by increasing the resistance and decreasing the capacitance over that found in unmyelinated nerve fibers. (nci).
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Myelin
term:Cell membrane
definition:A cellular compartment that separates a cellВ interiorВ from its exterior.
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Cellular membrane
term:Cell and elements
definition:An anatomical organizational level comprising of a single cell (or a fragment in some exceptions). a cell is defined by its type or function. it is the smallest unit of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Extracellular
definition:The space external to the outermost structure of a cell.
parent_id:7732
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Extracellular region
term:Element
definition:
parent_id:7732
***level:4
type:parent
term:Cell
definition:
parent_id:7732
***level:4
type:parent
term:Process
definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Naturally occurring process
definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.
parent_id:7659
*level:2
type:parent
term:Biological process
definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.
parent_id:7660
**level:3
type:parent
term:Biochemical pathway
definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.
parent_id:7661
***level:4
type:parent
term:Role
definition:The purpose or function assumed by a chemical, either naturally or as intended by humans .
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Biological role
definition:The biological function of a chemical. the biological role answers the question how a chemical is involved in molecular processes in an organism. this can include biochemical effects of non-endogenous chemicals, which are also assigned an industrial application such as pharmaceuticals. the biological role is limited to cellular levls, and will not include role at system process level, such as a chemical which has a role in a disease.
parent_id:7671
*level:2
type:parent
term:Antioxidant
definition:a chemical substance that is used to maintain the quality, integrity, and safety of finished products by inhibiting the oxidative degradation of the ingredients in the formulation. Also referred to as a preservative
parent_id:7672
**level:3
type:child
synonym:Anti-oxidant
实验性质
1:
kind:water_solubility
value:0.009 mg/mL at 25 °C
source:
预测性质
1:
kind:logp
value:3.22
source:ALOGPS
2:
kind:logs
value:-4.78
source:ALOGPS
3:
kind:solubility
value:0.0096 g/L
source:ALOGPS
4:
kind:logp
value:3.12
source:ChemAxon
5:
kind:pka_strongest_acidic
value:4.03
source:ChemAxon
6:
kind:pka_strongest_basic
value:-2.8
source:ChemAxon
7:
kind:iupac
value:3-(2-{[3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-{[(2Z)-4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl}-5-{[(2Z)-3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propanoic acid
source:ChemAxon
8:
kind:average_mass
value:584.6621
source:ChemAxon
9:
kind:mono_mass
value:584.263484904
source:ChemAxon
10:
kind:smiles
value:CC1=C(C=C)\C(NC1=O)=C\C1=C(C)C(CCC(O)=O)=C(CC2=C(CCC(O)=O)C(C)=C(N2)\C=C2/NC(=O)C(C=C)=C2C)N1
source:ChemAxon
11:
kind:formula
value:C33H36N4O6
source:ChemAxon
12:
kind:inchi
value:InChI=1S/C33H36N4O6/c1-7-20-19(6)32(42)37-27(20)14-25-18(5)23(10-12-31(40)41)29(35-25)15-28-22(9-11-30(38)39)17(4)24(34-28)13-26-16(3)21(8-2)33(43)36-26/h7-8,13-14,34-35H,1-2,9-12,15H2,3-6H3,(H,36,43)(H,37,42)(H,38,39)(H,40,41)/b26-13-,27-14-
source:ChemAxon
13:
kind:inchikey
value:BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N
source:ChemAxon
14:
kind:polar_surface_area
value:164.38
source:ChemAxon
15:
kind:refractivity
value:168.9
source:ChemAxon
16:
kind:polarizability
value:66.16
source:ChemAxon
17:
kind:rotatable_bond_count
value:12
source:ChemAxon
18:
kind:acceptor_count
value:6
source:ChemAxon
19:
kind:donor_count
value:6
source:ChemAxon
20:
kind:physiological_charge
value:-2
source:ChemAxon
21:
kind:formal_charge
value:0
source:ChemAxon
22:
kind:number_of_rings
value:4
source:ChemAxon
23:
kind:bioavailability
value:No
source:ChemAxon
24:
kind:rule_of_five
value:No
source:ChemAxon
25:
kind:ghose_filter
value:No
source:ChemAxon
26:
kind:veber_rule
value:No
source:ChemAxon
27:
kind:mddr_like_rule
value:Yes
source:ChemAxon
生物学性质
1:
cellular:(1):Cytoplasm
cellular:(2):Endoplasmic reticulum
cellular:(3):Extracellular
cellular:(4):Membrane
2:
biospecimen:(1):Bile
biospecimen:(2):Blood
biospecimen:(3):Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
biospecimen:(4):Feces
biospecimen:(5):Urine
3:
tissue:(1):Bile
tissue:(2):Bone Marrow
tissue:(3):Brain
tissue:(4):Epidermis
tissue:(5):Erythrocyte
tissue:(6):Fibroblasts
tissue:(7):Intestine
tissue:(8):Kidney
tissue:(9):Liver
tissue:(10):Neuron
tissue:(11):Pancreas
tissue:(12):Placenta
tissue:(13):Platelet
tissue:(14):Skeletal Muscle
tissue:(15):Spleen
tissue:(16):Thyroid Gland
4:
[1]:
name:Acute Intermittent Porphyria
smpdb_id:SMP00344
kegg_map_id:
[2]:
name:Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (CEP) or Gunther Disease
smpdb_id:SMP00345
kegg_map_id:
[3]:
name:Hereditary Coproporphyria (HCP)
smpdb_id:SMP00342
kegg_map_id:
[4]:
name:Porphyria Variegata (PV)
smpdb_id:SMP00346
kegg_map_id:
[5]:
name:Porphyrin Metabolism
smpdb_id:SMP00024
kegg_map_id:map00860
正常浓度
1:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:13.0 (5.0-21.0)
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
2:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:15.2 +/- 2.0
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
3:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:<12.828
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
4:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:<12
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
5:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:<3.4
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
6:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:3-21
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
7:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:<20
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
8:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:8.0 +/- 0.9
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
9:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:310.265 +/- 65.850
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
10:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:6.842-20.525
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
11:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:5.131-17.104
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
12:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:5.10-18.0
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
13:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:<17
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)
subject_sex:
subject_condition:Normal
14:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:8.500 +/- 4
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
15:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
16:
biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
concentration_value:0 - 0.2
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
17:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
18:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
19:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
20:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:< 0.1
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
21:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:0.032 (0.0019-0.21)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
22:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:0.51-5.13
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
异常浓度
1:
biospecimen:Bile
concentration_value:5000 (4300-5700)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Crohn's disease
2:
biospecimen:Bile
concentration_value:2600 (2400-2800)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Gallstone disease
3:
biospecimen:Bile
concentration_value:4600 (3900-5300)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Crohn's disease
4:
biospecimen:Bile
concentration_value:5900 (4300-7500)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Crohn's disease
5:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:14.6 +/- 2.5
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Growth hormone deficiency
6:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:650
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Crigler-Najjar syndrome Type I
7:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:25.656-78.678
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type II
8:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:28.7-170
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Infantile Liver Failure Syndrome 2
9:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:22-41
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Citrullinemia type II, neonatal-onset
10:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:46.9-233
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Infantile Liver Failure Syndrome 2
11:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:41-101
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Citrullinemia type II, neonatal-onset
12:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:73.1-85.0
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)
patient_sex:Female
patient_information:Infantile Liver Failure Syndrome 2
13:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:41(6-381)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 1
14:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:59.2
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)
patient_sex:Female
patient_information:Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
15:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:106
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)
patient_sex:Female
patient_information:Bile Acid Synthesis Defect, Congenital, 1
16:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:24.5
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Female
patient_information:Lecithin:cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency
17:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:8.80 +/- 1.22
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Growth hormone deficiency
18:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:573.0 (291.0-855.0)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Crigler-Najjar syndrome Type I
19:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:29.59
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Lathosterolosis
20:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:380.733 +/- 142.989
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
21:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:6.842-20.525
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Primary Hypomagnesemia
22:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:18.814-518.248
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 1
23:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:42.247
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Lathosterolosis
24:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:42.760-141.962
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)
patient_sex:Female
patient_information:Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 1
25:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:78.678
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Donohue Syndrome
26:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:111.175
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Donohue Syndrome
27:
biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
concentration_value:17.3 +/- 12.4
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Cerebral Vasospasm
28:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Colorectal cancer
29:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
patient_sex:Not Specified
patient_information:Premature neonates
30:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Colorectal Cancer
疾病参考
1:
name:Crohn's disease
omim_id:266600
[1]:
reference_text:Lapidus A, Akerlund JE, Einarsson C: Gallbladder bile composition in patients with Crohn 's disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 7;12(1):70-4.
pubmed_id:16440420
[2]:
reference_text:Ehrenpreis ED, Salvino M, Craig RM: Improving the serum D-xylose test for the identification of patients with small intestinal malabsorption. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Jul;33(1):36-40.
pubmed_id:11418788
[3]:
reference_text:Brydon WG, Nyhlin H, Eastwood MA, Merrick MV: Serum 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and selenohomocholyltaurine (SeHCAT) whole body retention in the assessment of bile acid induced diarrhoea. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Feb;8(2):117-23.
pubmed_id:8723414
[4]:
reference_text:Williams HR, Cox IJ, Walker DG, North BV, Patel VM, Marshall SE, Jewell DP, Ghosh S, Thomas HJ, Teare JP, Jakobovits S, Zeki S, Welsh KI, Taylor-Robinson SD, Orchard TR: Characterization of inflammatory bowel disease with urinary metabolic profiling. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun;104(6):1435-44. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2009.175. Epub 2009 Apr 28.
pubmed_id:19491857
[5]:
reference_text:Marchesi JR, Holmes E, Khan F, Kochhar S, Scanlan P, Shanahan F, Wilson ID, Wang Y: Rapid and noninvasive metabonomic characterization of inflammatory bowel disease. J Proteome Res. 2007 Feb;6(2):546-51.
pubmed_id:17269711
[6]:
reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello Bde L, Ratcliffe NM, Probert CS: An investigation of fecal volatile organic metabolites in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058204. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
pubmed_id:23516449
[7]:
reference_text:Walton C, Fowler DP, Turner C, Jia W, Whitehead RN, Griffiths L, Dawson C, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Cole JA, Cauchi M, Bessant C, Hunter JO: Analysis of volatile organic compounds of bacterial origin in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Sep;19(10):2069-78. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e31829a91f6.
pubmed_id:23867873
[8]:
reference_text:De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8.
pubmed_id:24811995
[9]:
reference_text:Bjerrum JT, Wang Y, Hao F, Coskun M, Ludwig C, Gunther U, Nielsen OH: Metabonomics of human fecal extracts characterize ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and healthy individuals. Metabolomics. 2015;11:122-133. Epub 2014 Jun 1.
pubmed_id:25598765
[10]:
reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25.
pubmed_id:26806034
[11]:
reference_text:Lee T, Clavel T, Smirnov K, Schmidt A, Lagkouvardos I, Walker A, Lucio M, Michalke B, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Fedorak R, Haller D: Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD. Gut. 2017 May;66(5):863-871. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309940. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
pubmed_id:26848182
[12]:
reference_text:Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158.
pubmed_id:27609529
[13]:
reference_text:Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9.
pubmed_id:28842642
2:
name:Gallbladder disease
omim_id:
[1]:
reference_text:Lapidus A, Akerlund JE, Einarsson C: Gallbladder bile composition in patients with Crohn 's disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 7;12(1):70-4.
pubmed_id:16440420
[2]:
reference_text:Miettinen TE, Kesaniemi YA, Gylling H, Jarvinen H, Silvennoinen E, Miettinen TA: Noncholesterol sterols in bile and stones of patients with cholesterol and pigment stones. Hepatology. 1996 Feb;23(2):274-80.
pubmed_id:8591852
[3]:
reference_text:Mizuno S, Tazuma S, Kajiyama G: Stabilization of biliary lipid particles by ursodeoxycholic acid. Prolonged nucleation time in human gallbladder bile. Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Apr;38(4):684-93.
pubmed_id:8462368
[4]:
reference_text:Hillebrant CG, Axelson M, Bjorkhem I, Wang FH, Nyberg B, Einarsson C: Effects of short-term treatment with pravastatin on the hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and bile acids in gallstone patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 1998 Apr;28(4):324-8.
pubmed_id:9615912
3:
name:Growth hormone deficiency
omim_id:139250
[1]:
reference_text:Rodriguez-Arnao J, James I, Jabbar A, Trainer PJ, Perrett D, Besser GM, Ross RJ: Serum collagen crosslinks as markers of bone turn-over during GH replacement therapy in growth hormone deficient adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1998 Apr;48(4):455-62.
pubmed_id:9640412
[2]:
reference_text:Burman P, Hetta J, Wide L, Mansson JE, Ekman R, Karlsson FA: Growth hormone treatment affects brain neurotransmitters and thyroxine [see comment]. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1996 Mar;44(3):319-24.
pubmed_id:8729530
[3]:
reference_text:Darzy KH, Murray RD, Gleeson HK, Pezzoli SS, Thorner MO, Shalet SM: The impact of short-term fasting on the dynamics of 24-hour growth hormone (GH) secretion in patients with severe radiation-induced GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Mar;91(3):987-94. Epub 2005 Dec 29.
pubmed_id:16384844
4:
name:Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I
omim_id:218800
[1]:
reference_text:Farrell GC, Gollan JL, Stevens SM, Grierson JM: Crigler-Najjar Type 1 syndrome: absence of hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucuronyl transferase activity and therapeutic responses to light. Aust N Z J Med. 1982 Aug;12(4):280-5.
pubmed_id:6814411
[2]:
reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)
pubmed_id:
5:
name:Primary hypomagnesemia
omim_id:248250
[1]:
reference_text:Jin-no Y, Kamiya Y, Okada M, Hirako M, Takada N, Kawaguchi M: Primary hypomagnesemia caused by isolated magnesium malabsorption: atypical case in adult. Intern Med. 1999 Mar;38(3):261-5.
pubmed_id:10337938
[2]:
reference_text:Vainsel M, Vandevelde G, Smulders J, Vosters M, Hubain P, Loeb H: Tetany due to hypomagnesaemia with secondary hypocalcaemia. Arch Dis Child. 1970 Apr;45(240):254-8.
pubmed_id:5419995
[3]:
reference_text:Shalev H, Phillip M, Galil A, Carmi R, Landau D: Clinical presentation and outcome in primary familial hypomagnesaemia. Arch Dis Child. 1998 Feb;78(2):127-30.
pubmed_id:9579153
[4]:
reference_text:Kari JA, Farouq M, Alshaya HO: Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003 Jun;18(6):506-10. Epub 2003 Apr 29.
pubmed_id:12720080
6:
name:Anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic, type II
omim_id:224100
[1]:
reference_text:Bianchi P, Fermo E, Vercellati C, Boschetti C, Barcellini W, Iurlo A, Marcello AP, Righetti PG, Zanella A: Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDAII) is caused by mutations in the SEC23B gene. Hum Mutat. 2009 Sep;30(9):1292-8. doi: 10.1002/humu.21077.
pubmed_id:19621418
7:
name:Lathosterolosis
omim_id:607330
[1]:
reference_text:Brunetti-Pierri N, Corso G, Rossi M, Ferrari P, Balli F, Rivasi F, Annunziata I, Ballabio A, Russo AD, Andria G, Parenti G: Lathosterolosis, a novel multiple-malformation/mental retardation syndrome due to deficiency of 3beta-hydroxysteroid-delta5-desaturase. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Oct;71(4):952-8. Epub 2002 Aug 20.
pubmed_id:12189593
[2]:
reference_text:Ho AC, Fung CW, Siu TS, Ma OC, Lam CW, Tam S, Wong VC: Lathosterolosis: a disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis resembling smith-lemli-opitz syndrome. JIMD Rep. 2014;12:129-34. doi: 10.1007/8904_2013_255. Epub 2013 Oct 20.
pubmed_id:24142275
8:
name:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
omim_id:300908
[1]:
reference_text:Iranpour R, Akbar MR, Haghshenas I: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in neonates. Indian J Pediatr. 2003 Nov;70(11):855-7.
pubmed_id:14703221
9:
name:Cholestasis, progressive familial intrahepatic, 1
omim_id:211600
[1]:
reference_text:Nagasaka H, Yorifuji T, Kosugiyama K, Egawa H, Kawai M, Murayama K, Hasegawa M, Sumazaki R, Tsubaki J, Kikuta H, Matsui A, Tanaka K, Matsuura N, Kobayashi K: Resistance to parathyroid hormone in two patients with familial intrahepatic cholestasis: possible involvement of the ATP8B1 gene in calcium regulation via parathyroid hormone. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004 Oct;39(4):404-9.
pubmed_id:15448432
[2]:
reference_text:Schukfeh N, Metzelder ML, Petersen C, Reismann M, Pfister ED, Ure BM, Kuebler JF: Normalization of serum bile acids after partial external biliary diversion indicates an excellent long-term outcome in children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Mar;47(3):501-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.08.010.
pubmed_id:22424345
10:
name:Donohue Syndrome
omim_id:246200
[1]:
reference_text:Nijim Y, Awni Y, Adawi A, Bowirrat A: Classic Case Report of Donohue Syndrome (Leprechaunism; OMIM *246200): The Impact of Consanguineous Mating. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Feb;95(6):e2710. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002710.
pubmed_id:26871809
11:
name:Citrullinemia type II, neonatal-onset
omim_id:605814
[1]:
reference_text:Ohura T, Kobayashi K, Tazawa Y, Nishi I, Abukawa D, Sakamoto O, Iinuma K, Saheki T: Neonatal presentation of adult-onset type II citrullinemia. Hum Genet. 2001 Feb;108(2):87-90.
pubmed_id:11281457
12:
name:Infantile Liver Failure Syndrome 2
omim_id:616483
[1]:
reference_text:Staufner C, Haack TB, Kopke MG, Straub BK, Kolker S, Thiel C, Freisinger P, Baric I, McKiernan PJ, Dikow N, Harting I, Beisse F, Burgard P, Kotzaeridou U, Lenz D, Kuhr J, Himbert U, Taylor RW, Distelmaier F, Vockley J, Ghaloul-Gonzalez L, Ozolek JA, Zschocke J, Kuster A, Dick A, Das AM, Wieland T, Terrile C, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Prokisch H, Hoffmann GF: Recurrent acute liver failure due to NBAS deficiency: phenotypic spectrum, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic concepts. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2016 Jan;39(1):3-16. doi: 10.1007/s10545-015-9896-7. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
pubmed_id:26541327
13:
name:Bile Acid Synthesis Defect, Congenital, 1
omim_id:607765
[1]:
reference_text:Huang HY, Zhou H, Wang H, Chen YX, Fang F: Novel Mutations in the 3beta-hydroxy-5-C27-steroid Dehydrogenase Gene (HSD3B7) in a Patient with Neonatal Cholestasis. Chin Med J (Engl). 2016 Jan 5;129(1):98-100. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.172603.
pubmed_id:26712441
[2]:
reference_text:Zhang W, Jha P, Wolfe B, Gioiello A, Pellicciari R, Wang J, Heubi J, Setchell KD: Tandem mass spectrometric determination of atypical 3beta-hydroxy-Delta5-bile acids in patients with 3beta-hydroxy-Delta5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase deficiency: application to diagnosis and monitoring of bile acid therapeutic response. Clin Chem. 2015 Jul;61(7):955-63. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.238238. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
pubmed_id:25931455
14:
name:Lecithin:cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency
omim_id:245900
[1]:
reference_text:Idzior-Walus B, Sieradzki J, Kostner G, Malecki MT, Klupa T, Wesolowska T, Rostworowski W, Hartwich J, Walus M, Kiec AD, Naruszewicz M: Familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: biochemical characteristics and molecular analysis of a new LCAT mutation in a Polish family. Atherosclerosis. 2006 Apr;185(2):413-20. Epub 2005 Jul 26.
pubmed_id:16051254
15:
name:Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
omim_id:226980
[1]:
reference_text:Neonatal diabetes in Wolcott-Rallison syndrome: a case report
pubmed_id:
16:
name:Cerebral vasospasm
omim_id:
[1]:
reference_text:Pyne-Geithman GJ, Morgan CJ, Wagner K, Dulaney EM, Carrozzella J, Kanter DS, Zuccarello M, Clark JF: Bilirubin production and oxidation in CSF of patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2005 Aug;25(8):1070-7.
pubmed_id:15789034
[2]:
reference_text:Poloyac SM, Reynolds RB, Yonas H, Kerr ME: Identification and quantification of the hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, 20-HETE and 12-HETE, in the cerebrospinal fluid after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosci Methods. 2005 Jun 15;144(2):257-63. Epub 2004 Dec 30.
pubmed_id:15910986
17:
name:Colorectal cancer
omim_id:114500
[1]:
reference_text:Ishiwata S, Itoh K, Yamaguchi T, Ishida N, Mizugaki M: Comparison of serum and urinary levels of modified nucleoside, 1-methyladenosine, in cancer patients using a monoclonal antibody-based inhibition ELISA. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1995 May;176(1):61-8.
pubmed_id:7482520
[2]:
reference_text:Monleon D, Morales JM, Barrasa A, Lopez JA, Vazquez C, Celda B: Metabolite profiling of fecal water extracts from human colorectal cancer. NMR Biomed. 2009 Apr;22(3):342-8. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1345.
pubmed_id:19006102
[3]:
reference_text:Weir TL, Manter DK, Sheflin AM, Barnett BA, Heuberger AL, Ryan EP: Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 6;8(8):e70803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070803. Print 2013.
pubmed_id:23940645
[4]:
reference_text:Phua LC, Chue XP, Koh PK, Cheah PY, Ho HK, Chan EC: Non-invasive fecal metabonomic detection of colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2014 Apr;15(4):389-97. doi: 10.4161/cbt.27625. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
pubmed_id:24424155
[5]:
reference_text:Ritchie SA, Ahiahonu PW, Jayasinghe D, Heath D, Liu J, Lu Y, Jin W, Kavianpour A, Yamazaki Y, Khan AM, Hossain M, Su-Myat KK, Wood PL, Krenitsky K, Takemasa I, Miyake M, Sekimoto M, Monden M, Matsubara H, Nomura F, Goodenowe DB: Reduced levels of hydroxylated, polyunsaturated ultra long-chain fatty acids in the serum of colorectal cancer patients: implications for early screening and detection. BMC Med. 2010 Feb 15;8:13. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-13.
pubmed_id:20156336
[6]:
reference_text:Qiu Y, Cai G, Su M, Chen T, Zheng X, Xu Y, Ni Y, Zhao A, Xu LX, Cai S, Jia W: Serum metabolite profiling of human colorectal cancer using GC-TOFMS and UPLC-QTOFMS. J Proteome Res. 2009 Oct;8(10):4844-50. doi: 10.1021/pr9004162.
pubmed_id:19678709
[7]:
reference_text:Cheng Y, Xie G, Chen T, Qiu Y, Zou X, Zheng M, Tan B, Feng B, Dong T, He P, Zhao L, Zhao A, Xu LX, Zhang Y, Jia W: Distinct urinary metabolic profile of human colorectal cancer. J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):1354-63. doi: 10.1021/pr201001a. Epub 2011 Dec 28.
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reference_text:Ni Y, Xie G, Jia W: Metabonomics of human colorectal cancer: new approaches for early diagnosis and biomarker discovery. J Proteome Res. 2014 Sep 5;13(9):3857-70. doi: 10.1021/pr500443c. Epub 2014 Aug 14.
pubmed_id:25105552
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reference_text:Ikeda A, Nishiumi S, Shinohara M, Yoshie T, Hatano N, Okuno T, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Takenawa T, Azuma T, Yoshida M: Serum metabolomics as a novel diagnostic approach for gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Chromatogr. 2012 May;26(5):548-58. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1671. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
pubmed_id:21773981
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reference_text:Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18.
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reference_text:Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016.
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reference_text:Lin Y, Ma C, Liu C, Wang Z, Yang J, Liu X, Shen Z, Wu R: NMR-based fecal metabolomics fingerprinting as predictors of earlier diagnosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 May 17;7(20):29454-64. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8762.
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reference_text:Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016.
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reference_text:Silke Matysik, Caroline Ivanne Le Roy, Gerhard Liebisch, Sandrine Paule Claus. Metabolomics of fecal samples: A practical consideration. Trends in Food Science & Technology. Vol. 57, Part B, Nov. 2016, p.244-255: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924224416301984
一般参考
1:
protein_accession:HMDBP00198
name:Heme oxygenase 1
uniprot_id:P09601
gene_name:HMOX1
protein_type:Unknown
2:
protein_accession:HMDBP00449
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B28
uniprot_id:Q9BY64
gene_name:UGT2B28
protein_type:Enzyme
3:
protein_accession:HMDBP00454
name:Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
uniprot_id:Q9Y6L6
gene_name:SLCO1B1
protein_type:Transporter
4:
protein_accession:HMDBP00458
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4
uniprot_id:P06133
gene_name:UGT2B4
protein_type:Enzyme
5:
protein_accession:HMDBP00478
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-4
uniprot_id:P22310
gene_name:UGT1A4
protein_type:Enzyme
6:
protein_accession:HMDBP00479
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10
uniprot_id:P36537
gene_name:UGT2B10
protein_type:Enzyme
7:
protein_accession:HMDBP00480
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7
uniprot_id:P16662
gene_name:UGT2B7
protein_type:Enzyme
8:
protein_accession:HMDBP00481
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B15
uniprot_id:P54855
gene_name:UGT2B15
protein_type:Enzyme
9:
protein_accession:HMDBP00482
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A1
uniprot_id:Q9Y4X1
gene_name:UGT2A1
protein_type:Enzyme
10:
protein_accession:HMDBP00483
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
uniprot_id:P22309
gene_name:UGT1A1
protein_type:Enzyme
11:
protein_accession:HMDBP00484
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9
uniprot_id:O60656
gene_name:UGT1A9
protein_type:Enzyme
12:
protein_accession:HMDBP00485
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8
uniprot_id:Q9HAW9
gene_name:UGT1A8
protein_type:Enzyme
13:
protein_accession:HMDBP00486
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3
uniprot_id:P35503
gene_name:UGT1A3
protein_type:Enzyme
14:
protein_accession:HMDBP00487
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10
uniprot_id:Q9HAW8
gene_name:UGT1A10
protein_type:Enzyme
15:
protein_accession:HMDBP00488
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17
uniprot_id:O75795
gene_name:UGT2B17
protein_type:Enzyme
16:
protein_accession:HMDBP00489
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6
uniprot_id:P19224
gene_name:UGT1A6
protein_type:Enzyme
17:
protein_accession:HMDBP00490
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-5
uniprot_id:P35504
gene_name:UGT1A5
protein_type:Enzyme
18:
protein_accession:HMDBP00491
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B11
uniprot_id:O75310
gene_name:UGT2B11
protein_type:Enzyme
19:
protein_accession:HMDBP00494
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-7
uniprot_id:Q9HAW7
gene_name:UGT1A7
protein_type:Enzyme
20:
protein_accession:HMDBP00700
name:Biliverdin reductase A
uniprot_id:P53004
gene_name:BLVRA
protein_type:Unknown
21:
protein_accession:HMDBP00701
name:Flavin reductase (NADPH)
uniprot_id:P30043
gene_name:BLVRB
protein_type:Unknown
22:
protein_accession:HMDBP01658
name:Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
uniprot_id:Q92887
gene_name:ABCC2
protein_type:Transporter
23:
protein_accession:HMDBP02075
name:Serum albumin
uniprot_id:P02768
gene_name:ALB
protein_type:Unknown
24:
protein_accession:HMDBP02383
name:Alpha-fetoprotein
uniprot_id:P02771
gene_name:AFP
protein_type:Unknown
25:
protein_accession:HMDBP07348
name:UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A3
uniprot_id:Q6UWM9
gene_name:UGT2A3
protein_type:Enzyme
26:
protein_accession:HMDBP09238
name:HCG2039726, isoform CRA_f
uniprot_id:Q5DT02
gene_name:UGT1A10
protein_type:Enzyme
27:
protein_accession:HMDBP09239
name:HCG2039726, isoform CRA_e
uniprot_id:Q5DSZ6
gene_name:UGT1A8
protein_type:Enzyme
28:
protein_accession:HMDBP09240
name:UDP glycosyltransferase 1 family polypeptide A7
uniprot_id:Q5DSZ7
gene_name:UGT1A7
protein_type:Enzyme
蛋白质结合
1:
reference_text:Randeberg LL, Roll EB, Nilsen LT, Christensen T, Svaasand LO: In vivo spectroscopy of jaundiced newborn skin reveals more than a bilirubin index. Acta Paediatr. 2005 Jan;94(1):65-71.
pubmed_id:15858963
2:
reference_text:Bayes Garcia R, Maldonado Lozano J, Molina Font JA: [Interrelation of bilirubin and free fatty acids in newborn infants with pathologic conditions]. An Esp Pediatr. 1989 Jan;30(1):27-31.
pubmed_id:2648917
3:
reference_text:Yamamoto S, Kubo S, Hai S, Uenishi T, Yamamoto T, Shuto T, Takemura S, Tanaka H, Yamazaki O, Hirohashi K, Tanaka T: Hepatitis C virus infection as a likely etiology of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2004 Jul;95(7):592-5.
pubmed_id:15245596
4:
reference_text:Kabicek P: Importance of serum bile acids determination in adolescents with juvenile hyperbilirubinaemia. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2004 Jun;12(2):102-9.
pubmed_id:15242029
5:
reference_text:Tiribelli C, Ostrow JD: New concepts in bilirubin and jaundice: report of the Third International Bilirubin Workshop, April 6-8, 1995, Trieste, Italy. Hepatology. 1996 Nov;24(5):1296-311.
pubmed_id:8903413
6:
reference_text:Zhan X, Wang SY, Wang L, Qu P: [Decreased peripheral nerve conduction velocity may be associated with lower-serum level of vitamin E in patients with infantile hepatitis syndrome]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2004 May;42(5):362-6.
pubmed_id:15189696
7:
reference_text:Deja M, Hildebrandt B, Ahlers O, Riess H, Wust P, Gerlach H, Kerner T: Goal-directed therapy of cardiac preload in induced whole-body hyperthermia. Chest. 2005 Aug;128(2):580-6.
pubmed_id:16100141
8:
reference_text:Kikuchi S, Hata M, Fukumoto K, Yamane Y, Matsui T, Tamura A, Yonemura S, Yamagishi H, Keppler D, Tsukita S, Tsukita S: Radixin deficiency causes conjugated hyperbilirubinemia with loss of Mrp2 from bile canalicular membranes. Nat Genet. 2002 Jul;31(3):320-5. Epub 2002 Jun 17.
pubmed_id:12068294
9:
reference_text:Lin JM, Jiang CQ: [Clinical manifestation and ultrasonic characteristics of five patients with acute arsenic poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2003 Dec;21(6):420-2.
pubmed_id:14761351
10:
reference_text:Azer SA: A multimedia CD-ROM tool to improve student understanding of bile salts and bilirubin metabolism: evaluation of its use in a medical hybrid PBL course. Adv Physiol Educ. 2005 Mar;29(1):40-50.
pubmed_id:15718382
11:
reference_text:Slusher TM, Angyo IA, Bode-Thomas F, Akor F, Pam SD, Adetunji AA, McLaren DW, Wong RJ, Vreman HJ, Stevenson DK: Transcutaneous bilirubin measurements and serum total bilirubin levels in indigenous African infants. Pediatrics. 2004 Jun;113(6):1636-41.
pubmed_id:15173484
12:
reference_text:Ciszowski K, Gomolka E, Jenner B: [The influence of the dose, time since ingestion and concentration of the xenobiotic on the clinical state and severity of liver damage with patients intoxicated with paracetamol]. Przegl Lek. 2005;62(6):456-61.
pubmed_id:16225094
13:
reference_text:Sando M, Sato Y, Iwata S, Akita H, Sunakawa K: In vitro protein binding of teicoplanin to neonatal serum. J Infect Chemother. 2004 Oct;10(5):280-3.
pubmed_id:16163462
14:
reference_text:Danko I, Jia Z, Zhang G: Nonviral gene transfer into liver and muscle for treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in the gunn rat. Hum Gene Ther. 2004 Dec;15(12):1279-86.
pubmed_id:15684703
15:
reference_text:Kotal P, Van der Veere CN, Sinaasappel M, Elferink RO, Vitek L, Brodanova M, Jansen PL, Fevery J: Intestinal excretion of unconjugated bilirubin in man and rats with inherited unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatr Res. 1997 Aug;42(2):195-200.
pubmed_id:9262222
16:
reference_text:Ochenashko OV, Volkova NA, Mazur SP, Somov AY, Fuller BJ, Petrenko AY: Cryopreserved fetal liver cell transplants support the chronic failing liver in rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis. Cell Transplant. 2006;15(1):23-33.
pubmed_id:16700327
17:
reference_text:Lapidus A, Akerlund JE, Einarsson C: Gallbladder bile composition in patients with Crohn 's disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 7;12(1):70-4.
pubmed_id:16440420
18:
reference_text:Sikkel E, Pasman SA, Oepkes D, Kanhai HH, Vandenbussche FP: On the origin of amniotic fluid bilirubin. Placenta. 2004 May;25(5):463-8.
pubmed_id:15081641
19:
reference_text:Schmidt CM, Powell ES, Yiannoutsos CT, Howard TJ, Wiebke EA, Wiesenauer CA, Baumgardner JA, Cummings OW, Jacobson LE, Broadie TA, Canal DF, Goulet RJ Jr, Curie EA, Cardenes H, Watkins JM, Loehrer PJ, Lillemoe KD, Madura JA: Pancreaticoduodenectomy: a 20-year experience in 516 patients. Arch Surg. 2004 Jul;139(7):718-25; discussion 725-7.
pubmed_id:15249403
20:
reference_text:Nanjundaswamy S, Petrova A, Mehta R, Hegyi T: Transcutaneous bilirubinometry in preterm infants receiving phototherapy. Am J Perinatol. 2005 Apr;22(3):127-31.
pubmed_id:15838745
21:
reference_text:Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043.
pubmed_id:32033212
22:
reference_text:Dwarka D, Thaver V, Naidu M, Baijnath H: NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE PRESENCE OF BILIRUBIN IN A PLANT SPECIES STRELITZIA NICOLAI (STRELITZIACEAE). Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2017 Jan 13;14(2):253-262. doi: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.27. eCollection 2017.
pubmed_id:28573242
23:
reference_text:Vasavda C, Kothari R, Malla AP, Tokhunts R, Lin A, Ji M, Ricco C, Xu R, Saavedra HG, Sbodio JI, Snowman AM, Albacarys L, Hester L, Sedlak TW, Paul BD, Snyder SH: Bilirubin Links Heme Metabolism to Neuroprotection by Scavenging Superoxide. Cell Chem Biol. 2019 Oct 17;26(10):1450-1460.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.07.006. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
pubmed_id:31353321