人类代谢组数据库

版本

5.0

创建日期

2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC

更新日期

2021-10-13 04:27:42 UTC

登录号

HMDB0000194

地位

quantified

二级访问

HMDB00194

名称

Anserine

描述

Anserine (beta-alanyl-N-3-methylhistidine) is a dipeptide containing beta-alanine and 3-methylhistidine. It is a derivative of carnosine, which had been methylated. The methyl group of anserine is added to carnosine by the enzyme S-adenosylmethionine: carnosine N-methyltransferase (PMID: 29484990). The enzyme is closely related to histamine N-methyltransferase and appears to be present in a majority of anserine-producing species (PMID: 23705015). Anserine is a generally a more metabolically stable derivative of carnosine. Anserine can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of certain mammals (rabbits, cattle), migratory fish and birds. This dipeptide is normally absent from human tissues and body fluids, and its appearance there is usually an artifact of diet. Anserine can also arise from serum carnosinase deficiency. (OMIM 212200). Anserine was first discovered in goose muscle in 1929, and was named after this extraction (anser is Latin for goose). Anserine, which is water-soluble, is found at high levels in the muscles of different non-human vertebrates, with poultry, rabbit, tuna, plaice, and salmon having generally higher contents than other marine foods, beef, or pork (PMID: 31908682). An increase of urinary anserine excretion has been found in humans after the consumption of chicken, rabbit, and tuna and has been associated with intake of chicken, salmon, and, to a lesser extent, beef (PMID: 31908682). Anserine can undergo cleavage to give rise to 3-methylhistidine.(3-MH). The dipeptide balenine, common in some whales, cleaves to form 1-methylhistidine (1-MH) (PMID: 31908682). There is considerable confusion with regard to the nomenclature of the methylated nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring of histidine and other histidine-containing peptides such as anserine. In particular, older literature (mostly prior to the year 2000) designated anserine (N-pi methylated) as beta-alanyl-N1-methyl-histidine, whereas according to standard IUPAC nomenclature, anserine is correctly named as beta-alanyl-N3-methyl-histidine. As a result, many papers published prior to the year 2000 incorrectly identified 1MH as a specific marker for dietary consumption of certain foods or various pathophysiological effects when they really were referring to 3MH or vice versa (PMID: 24137022). In particular balenine (a whale or snake-specific dipeptide with 1MH) was often confused with anserine (the poultry dipeptide with 3MH). An animal model study of Alzheimer's disease using mice found that treatment with anserine reduced memory loss (PMID: 28974740). Anserine reduced glial inflammatory activity (particularly of astrocyte). The study also found that anserine-treated mice had greater pericyte surface area. The greater area of pericytes was commensurate with improved memory. The anserine-treated mice overall performed better on a spatial memory test (Morris Water Maze) (PMID: 28974740). A human study on 84 elderly subjects showed that subjects who took anserine and carnosine supplements for one year showed increased blood flow in the prefrontal cortex on MRI (PMID: 29896423).

同义词

1:beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine

2:beta-Alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidine

3:b-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine

4:Β-alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine

5:b-Alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidine

6:Β-alanyl-N(pai)-methyl-L-histidine

7:L-Anserine

8:L-N-b-Alanyl-3-methyl-histidine

9:L-N-beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-histidine

10:N-b-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine

11:N-beta-Alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine

12:Balanine

13:Beta Alanyl 3 methylhistidine

14:Beta-Alanyl-3-methylhistidine

15:Ophidine

化学式

C10H16N4O3

平均分子量

240.259

等位分子量

240.122240398

化学名称

(2S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid

传统名称

anserine

CAS 登记号

584-85-0

代谢物结构字符串

CN1C=NC=C1C[C@H](NC(=O)CCN)C(O)=O

inchi标识符

InChI=1S/C10H16N4O3/c1-14-6-12-5-7(14)4-8(10(16)17)13-9(15)2-3-11/h5-6,8H,2-4,11H2,1H3,(H,13,15)(H,16,17)/t8-/m0/s1

印记键

MYYIAHXIVFADCU-QMMMGPOBSA-N

分类学

description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond.

description:Hybrid peptides

kingdom:Organic compounds

super_class:Organic acids and derivatives

class:Peptidomimetics

sub_class:Hybrid peptides

molecular_framework:Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds

1:Amino acids

2:Azacyclic compounds

3:Carbonyl compounds

4:Carboximidic acids

5:Carboxylic acids

6:Heteroaromatic compounds

7:Histidine and derivatives

8:Hydrocarbon derivatives

9:Imidazolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives

10:Monoalkylamines

11:Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives

12:N-acyl-alpha amino acids

13:N-substituted imidazoles

14:Organic oxides

15:Organopnictogen compounds

16:Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds

17:Alpha-amino acid or derivatives

18:Amine

19:Amino acid

20:Amino acid or derivatives

21:Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound

22:Azacycle

23:Azole

24:Carbonyl group

25:Carboximidic acid

26:Carboximidic acid derivative

27:Carboxylic acid

28:Carboxylic acid derivative

29:Heteroaromatic compound

30:Histidine or derivatives

31:Hybrid peptide

32:Hydrocarbon derivative

33:Imidazole

34:Imidazolyl carboxylic acid derivative

35:Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives

36:N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives

37:N-acyl-alpha-amino acid

38:N-substituted imidazole

39:Organic 1,3-dipolar compound

40:Organic nitrogen compound

41:Organic oxide

42:Organic oxygen compound

43:Organoheterocyclic compound

44:Organonitrogen compound

45:Organooxygen compound

46:Organopnictogen compound

47:Primary aliphatic amine

48:Primary amine

49:Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound

50:beta-alanine derivative

51:dipeptide

本体论

term:Disposition

definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Source

definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Endogenous

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Biological location

definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Tissue and substructures

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple cells yet not comprising a complete organ .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Muscle

definition:A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion. (nci).

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Placenta

definition:An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin b. (nci).

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Organ and components

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple tissues or substructures, which enables a common biological function.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Brain

definition:An organ composed of grey and white matter that is the center for intelligence and reasoning. it is protected by the bony cranium. (nci).

parent_id:7727

***level:4

type:child

term:Prostate

definition:The male reproductive accessory gland that produces prostatic fluid and is located adjacent to or around the urethra distal to the urinary bladder in mammals. (nci).

parent_id:7727

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Prostate gland

term:Biofluid and excreta

definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Saliva

definition:The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Urine

definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Blood

definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Subcellular

definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Cytoplasm

definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Cytoplasma

term:Process

definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Naturally occurring process

definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:7659

*level:2

type:parent

term:Biological process

definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.

parent_id:7660

**level:3

type:parent

term:Biochemical pathway

definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.

parent_id:7661

***level:4

type:parent

状态

Solid

实验性质

kind:water_solubility

value:1.575e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

source:The Good Scents Company Information System

kind:logp

value:-2.220 (est)

source:The Good Scents Company Information System

kind:melting_point

value:226 - 228 °C

source:

kind:boiling_point

value:611.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)

source:The Good Scents Company Information System

预测性质

kind:logp

value:-2.95

source:ALOGPS

kind:logs

value:-1.78

source:ALOGPS

kind:solubility

value:4.01 g/L

source:ALOGPS

kind:logp

value:-4.3

source:ChemAxon

kind:pka_strongest_acidic

value:3.44

source:ChemAxon

kind:pka_strongest_basic

value:9.13

source:ChemAxon

kind:iupac

value:(2S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid

source:ChemAxon

kind:average_mass

value:240.259

source:ChemAxon

kind:mono_mass

value:240.122240398

source:ChemAxon

10:

kind:smiles

value:CN1C=NC=C1C[C@H](NC(=O)CCN)C(O)=O

source:ChemAxon

11:

kind:formula

value:C10H16N4O3

source:ChemAxon

12:

kind:inchi

value:InChI=1S/C10H16N4O3/c1-14-6-12-5-7(14)4-8(10(16)17)13-9(15)2-3-11/h5-6,8H,2-4,11H2,1H3,(H,13,15)(H,16,17)/t8-/m0/s1

source:ChemAxon

13:

kind:inchikey

value:MYYIAHXIVFADCU-QMMMGPOBSA-N

source:ChemAxon

14:

kind:polar_surface_area

value:110.24

source:ChemAxon

15:

kind:refractivity

value:60.46

source:ChemAxon

16:

kind:polarizability

value:24.3

source:ChemAxon

17:

kind:rotatable_bond_count

value:6

source:ChemAxon

18:

kind:acceptor_count

value:5

source:ChemAxon

19:

kind:donor_count

value:3

source:ChemAxon

20:

kind:physiological_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

21:

kind:formal_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

22:

kind:number_of_rings

value:1

source:ChemAxon

23:

kind:bioavailability

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

24:

kind:rule_of_five

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

25:

kind:ghose_filter

value:No

source:ChemAxon

26:

kind:veber_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

27:

kind:mddr_like_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:2856

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:37350

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:164596

type:Specdb::NmrTwoD

spectrum_id:1199

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:1171

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:313

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:314

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:315

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3526

10:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3527

11:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3528

12:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3529

13:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3530

14:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3531

15:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3532

16:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3533

17:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3534

18:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3535

19:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3536

20:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3537

21:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3538

22:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3539

23:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3540

24:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3541

25:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3542

26:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:179004

27:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:179005

28:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:179006

29:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:181329

30:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:181330

光谱

生物学性质

cellular:(1):Cytoplasm

biospecimen:(1):Blood

biospecimen:(2):Feces

biospecimen:(3):Saliva

biospecimen:(4):Urine

tissue:(1):Brain

tissue:(2):Placenta

tissue:(3):Prostate

tissue:(4):Skeletal Muscle

[1]:

name:beta-Alanine metabolism

smpdb_id:

kegg_map_id:map00410

[2]:

name:Carnosinuria, carnosinemia

smpdb_id:SMP00493

kegg_map_id:

[3]:

name:GABA-Transaminase Deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00351

kegg_map_id:

[4]:

name:Histidine metabolism

smpdb_id:SMP00044

kegg_map_id:map00340

[5]:

name:Histidinemia

smpdb_id:SMP00191

kegg_map_id:

[6]:

name:Ureidopropionase Deficiency

smpdb_id:SMP00492

kegg_map_id:

正常浓度

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:41.0 +/- 10.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

10:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

11:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

12:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

13:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

14:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

15:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

16:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

17:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<15.95

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

18:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

19:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<41.74

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

20:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<4.30

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

21:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:16.16

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

22:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<31.33

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

23:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:14.842 +/- 5.257

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

24:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:7.0 (3.3 -20.0)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

25:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<92.76

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

26:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<45.021

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

27:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<5.921

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

异常浓度

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:0.457 +/- 0.214

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Elderly (>65 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:12.808 +/- 6.444

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:8.0 +/- 5.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

疾病参考

name:Alzheimer's disease

omim_id:104300

[1]:

reference_text:Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10.

pubmed_id:17031479

[2]:

reference_text:Selley ML, Close DR, Stern SE: The effect of increased concentrations of homocysteine on the concentration of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2002 May-Jun;23(3):383-8.

pubmed_id:11959400

[3]:

reference_text:Shetty HU, Holloway HW, Schapiro MB: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma distribution of myo-inositol and other polyols in Alzheimer disease. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):298-302.

pubmed_id:8595727

[4]:

reference_text:Jia JP, Jia JM, Zhou WD, Xu M, Chu CB, Yan X, Sun YX: Differential acetylcholine and choline concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Chin Med J (Engl). 2004 Aug;117(8):1161-4.

pubmed_id:15361288

[5]:

reference_text:Redjems-Bennani N, Jeandel C, Lefebvre E, Blain H, Vidailhet M, Gueant JL: Abnormal substrate levels that depend upon mitochondrial function in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients. Gerontology. 1998;44(5):300-4.

pubmed_id:9693263

[6]:

reference_text:Walter A, Korth U, Hilgert M, Hartmann J, Weichel O, Hilgert M, Fassbender K, Schmitt A, Klein J: Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Nov-Dec;25(10):1299-303.

pubmed_id:15465626

[7]:

reference_text:Leoni V, Masterman T, Mousavi FS, Wretlind B, Wahlund LO, Diczfalusy U, Hillert J, Bjorkhem I: Diagnostic use of cerebral and extracerebral oxysterols. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004 Feb;42(2):186-91.

pubmed_id:15061359

[8]:

reference_text:Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Holmes C, Goldstein DS: Patterns of cerebrospinal fluid catechols support increased central noradrenergic responsiveness in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):756-65.

pubmed_id:10494443

[9]:

reference_text:Lovell MA, Markesbery WR: Ratio of 8-hydroxyguanine in intact DNA to free 8-hydroxyguanine is increased in Alzheimer disease ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Arch Neurol. 2001 Mar;58(3):392-6.

pubmed_id:11255442

[10]:

reference_text:Bar KJ, Franke S, Wenda B, Muller S, Kientsch-Engel R, Stein G, Sauer H: Pentosidine and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)-lysine in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 2003 Mar-Apr;24(2):333-8.

pubmed_id:12498967

[11]:

reference_text:Serot JM, Barbe F, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Franck P, Montagne P, Nicolas JP: Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid: relation with age and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Nov;76(11):1585-7.

pubmed_id:16227558

[12]:

reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Aguilar MV, Meseguer I, Mateos-Vega CJ, Gonzalez-Munoz MJ, de Bustos F, Porta J, Orti-Pareja M, Zurdo M, Barrios E, Martinez-Para MC: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of transition metals in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1998;105(4-5):479-88.

pubmed_id:9720975

[13]:

reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Hernanz A, Fernandez-Vivancos E, Medina S, de Bustos F, Gomez-Escalonilla C, Sayed Y: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of thiamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002 Jul;109(7-8):1035-44.

pubmed_id:12111441

[14]:

reference_text:Bocca B, Forte G, Petrucci F, Pino A, Marchione F, Bomboi G, Senofonte O, Giubilei F, Alimonti A: Monitoring of chemical elements and oxidative damage in patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):197-203.

pubmed_id:16244393

[15]:

reference_text:Kristensen MO, Gulmann NC, Christensen JE, Ostergaard K, Rasmussen K: Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid in Alzheimer dementia. Acta Neurol Scand. 1993 Jun;87(6):475-81.

pubmed_id:8356878

[16]:

reference_text:Abe T, Tohgi H, Isobe C, Murata T, Sato C: Remarkable increase in the concentration of 8-hydroxyguanosine in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res. 2002 Nov 1;70(3):447-50.

pubmed_id:12391605

[17]:

reference_text:Reichman ME, Judd JT, Longcope C, Schatzkin A, Clevidence BA, Nair PP, Campbell WS, Taylor PR: Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 May 5;85(9):722-7.

pubmed_id:8478958

[18]:

reference_text:Hozumi I, Hasegawa T, Honda A, Ozawa K, Hayashi Y, Hashimoto K, Yamada M, Koumura A, Sakurai T, Kimura A, Tanaka Y, Satoh M, Inuzuka T: Patterns of levels of biological metals in CSF differ among neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurol Sci. 2011 Apr 15;303(1-2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Feb 2.

pubmed_id:21292280

[19]:

reference_text:Motawaj M, Peoc'h K, Callebert J, Arrang JM: CSF levels of the histamine metabolite tele-methylhistamine are only slightly decreased in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;22(3):861-71. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-100381.

pubmed_id:20858978

[20]:

reference_text:Smach MA, Jacob N, Golmard JL, Charfeddine B, Lammouchi T, Ben Othman L, Dridi H, Bennamou S, Limem K: Folate and homocysteine in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease or dementia: a case control study. Eur Neurol. 2011;65(5):270-8. doi: 10.1159/000326301. Epub 2011 Apr 8.

pubmed_id:21474939

[21]:

reference_text:Linnebank M, Popp J, Smulders Y, Smith D, Semmler A, Farkas M, Kulic L, Cvetanovska G, Blom H, Stoffel-Wagner B, Kolsch H, Weller M, Jessen F: S-adenosylmethionine is decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegener Dis. 2010;7(6):373-8. doi: 10.1159/000309657. Epub 2010 Jun 3.

pubmed_id:20523031

[22]:

reference_text:Rosler N, Wichart I, Jellinger KA: Clinical significance of neurobiochemical profiles in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's disease patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2001;108(2):231-46.

pubmed_id:11314776

[23]:

reference_text:Sunderland T, Berrettini WH, Molchan SE, Lawlor BA, Martinez RA, Vitiello B, Tariot PN, Cohen RM: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid dynorphin A1-8 in Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1991 Jul 1;30(1):81-7.

pubmed_id:1716470

[24]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

name:Colorectal cancer

omim_id:114500

[1]:

reference_text:Ishiwata S, Itoh K, Yamaguchi T, Ishida N, Mizugaki M: Comparison of serum and urinary levels of modified nucleoside, 1-methyladenosine, in cancer patients using a monoclonal antibody-based inhibition ELISA. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1995 May;176(1):61-8.

pubmed_id:7482520

[2]:

reference_text:Monleon D, Morales JM, Barrasa A, Lopez JA, Vazquez C, Celda B: Metabolite profiling of fecal water extracts from human colorectal cancer. NMR Biomed. 2009 Apr;22(3):342-8. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1345.

pubmed_id:19006102

[3]:

reference_text:Weir TL, Manter DK, Sheflin AM, Barnett BA, Heuberger AL, Ryan EP: Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 6;8(8):e70803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070803. Print 2013.

pubmed_id:23940645

[4]:

reference_text:Phua LC, Chue XP, Koh PK, Cheah PY, Ho HK, Chan EC: Non-invasive fecal metabonomic detection of colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2014 Apr;15(4):389-97. doi: 10.4161/cbt.27625. Epub 2014 Jan 14.

pubmed_id:24424155

[5]:

reference_text:Ritchie SA, Ahiahonu PW, Jayasinghe D, Heath D, Liu J, Lu Y, Jin W, Kavianpour A, Yamazaki Y, Khan AM, Hossain M, Su-Myat KK, Wood PL, Krenitsky K, Takemasa I, Miyake M, Sekimoto M, Monden M, Matsubara H, Nomura F, Goodenowe DB: Reduced levels of hydroxylated, polyunsaturated ultra long-chain fatty acids in the serum of colorectal cancer patients: implications for early screening and detection. BMC Med. 2010 Feb 15;8:13. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-13.

pubmed_id:20156336

[6]:

reference_text:Qiu Y, Cai G, Su M, Chen T, Zheng X, Xu Y, Ni Y, Zhao A, Xu LX, Cai S, Jia W: Serum metabolite profiling of human colorectal cancer using GC-TOFMS and UPLC-QTOFMS. J Proteome Res. 2009 Oct;8(10):4844-50. doi: 10.1021/pr9004162.

pubmed_id:19678709

[7]:

reference_text:Cheng Y, Xie G, Chen T, Qiu Y, Zou X, Zheng M, Tan B, Feng B, Dong T, He P, Zhao L, Zhao A, Xu LX, Zhang Y, Jia W: Distinct urinary metabolic profile of human colorectal cancer. J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):1354-63. doi: 10.1021/pr201001a. Epub 2011 Dec 28.

pubmed_id:22148915

[8]:

reference_text:Ni Y, Xie G, Jia W: Metabonomics of human colorectal cancer: new approaches for early diagnosis and biomarker discovery. J Proteome Res. 2014 Sep 5;13(9):3857-70. doi: 10.1021/pr500443c. Epub 2014 Aug 14.

pubmed_id:25105552

[9]:

reference_text:Ikeda A, Nishiumi S, Shinohara M, Yoshie T, Hatano N, Okuno T, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Takenawa T, Azuma T, Yoshida M: Serum metabolomics as a novel diagnostic approach for gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Chromatogr. 2012 May;26(5):548-58. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1671. Epub 2011 Jul 20.

pubmed_id:21773981

[10]:

reference_text:Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18.

pubmed_id:25037050

[11]:

reference_text:Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016.

pubmed_id:27015276

[12]:

reference_text:Lin Y, Ma C, Liu C, Wang Z, Yang J, Liu X, Shen Z, Wu R: NMR-based fecal metabolomics fingerprinting as predictors of earlier diagnosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 May 17;7(20):29454-64. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8762.

pubmed_id:27107423

[13]:

reference_text:Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016.

pubmed_id:27275383

[14]:

reference_text:Wang X, Wang J, Rao B, Deng L: Gut flora profiling and fecal metabolite composition of colorectal cancer patients and healthy individuals. Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jun;13(6):2848-2854. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4367. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

pubmed_id:28587349

[15]:

reference_text:Silke Matysik, Caroline Ivanne Le Roy, Gerhard Liebisch, Sandrine Paule Claus. Metabolomics of fecal samples: A practical consideration. Trends in Food Science & Technology. Vol. 57, Part B, Nov. 2016, p.244-255: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924224416301984

name:Eosinophilic esophagitis

omim_id:610247

[1]:

reference_text:Mordechai, Hien, and David S. Wishart

pubmed_id:

KEGG数据库编号

C01262

DrugBank数据库编号

foodb数据库编号

FDB021903

ChemSpider数据库编号

100482

公共化学化合物编号

112072

PDB数据库编号

生物利益的化学实体数据库编号

18323

knapsack数据库编号

C00052191

维基百科编号

Anserine

代谢途径的数据库编号

CPD-401

苯酚资源管理器化合物数据库编号

比格数据库编号

梅林编号

5209

虚拟机身份证编号

fbonto数据库编号

综合参考

Yudaev, N. A. Biosynthesis of anserine. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (1952), 82 615-17.

一般参考

protein_accession:HMDBP00473

name:Beta-Ala-His dipeptidase

uniprot_id:Q96KN2

gene_name:CNDP1

protein_type:Unknown

protein_accession:HMDBP08844

name:Carnosine synthase 1

uniprot_id:A5YM72

gene_name:CARNS1

protein_type:Unknown

蛋白质结合

reference_text:Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762.

pubmed_id:19212411

reference_text:Harris RC, Tallon MJ, Dunnett M, Boobis L, Coakley J, Kim HJ, Fallowfield JL, Hill CA, Sale C, Wise JA: The absorption of orally supplied beta-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis. Amino Acids. 2006 May;30(3):279-89. Epub 2006 Mar 24.

pubmed_id:16554972

reference_text:Pagnano MW, Hanssen AD, Lewallen DG, Stuart MJ: Flexion instability after primary posterior cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1998 Nov;(356):39-46.

pubmed_id:9917666

reference_text:Abe H, Okuma E, Sekine H, Maeda A, Yoshiue S: Human urinary excretion of L-histidine-related compounds after ingestion of several meats and fish muscle. Int J Biochem. 1993 Sep;25(9):1245-9.

pubmed_id:8224369

reference_text:Kang I, Han SW: Anserine bursitis in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. South Med J. 2000 Feb;93(2):207-9.

pubmed_id:10701790

reference_text:Magana Loarte JE, Perez Franco J, Sanchez Sanchez G: [Is therapy with local infiltrations feasible in primary care consultations?]. Aten Primaria. 1999 Jan;23(1):4-7.

pubmed_id:10079554

reference_text:Tan KM, Candlish JK: Carnosine and anserine as modulators of neutrophil function. Clin Lab Haematol. 1998 Aug;20(4):239-44.

pubmed_id:9777271

reference_text:Boldyrev A, Abe H: Metabolic transformation of neuropeptide carnosine modifies its biological activity. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1999 Feb;19(1):163-75.

pubmed_id:10079975

reference_text:Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043.

pubmed_id:32033212

10:

reference_text:Kwiatkowski S, Kiersztan A, Drozak J: Biosynthesis of Carnosine and Related Dipeptides in Vertebrates. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2018;19(8):771-789. doi: 10.2174/1389203719666180226155657.

pubmed_id:29484990

11:

reference_text:Drozak J, Chrobok L, Poleszak O, Jagielski AK, Derlacz R: Molecular identification of carnosine N-methyltransferase as chicken histamine N-methyltransferase-like protein (hnmt-like). PLoS One. 2013 May 21;8(5):e64805. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064805. Print 2013.

pubmed_id:23705015

版本
创建日期
更新日期
登录号
地位
二级访问
名称
描述
同义词
化学式
平均分子量
等位分子量
化学名称
传统名称
CAS 登记号
代谢物结构字符串
inchi标识符
印记键
分类学
本体论
状态
实验性质
预测性质
光谱
生物学性质
正常浓度
异常浓度
疾病参考
KEGG数据库编号
DrugBank数据库编号
foodb数据库编号
ChemSpider数据库编号
公共化学化合物编号
PDB数据库编号
生物利益的化学实体数据库编号
knapsack数据库编号
维基百科编号
代谢途径的数据库编号
苯酚资源管理器化合物数据库编号
比格数据库编号
梅林编号
虚拟机身份证编号
fbonto数据库编号
综合参考
一般参考
蛋白质结合

目录