创建日期
2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
更新日期
2021-09-14 15:37:54 UTC
描述
Isocitric acid, also known as isocitrate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tricarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are carboxylic acids containing exactly three carboxyl groups. Isocitric acid is a TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle intermediate. It is a structural isomer of citric acid and is formed from citrate with the help of the enzyme aconitase. More specifically, Isocitric acid is synthesized from citric acid via the intermediate cis-aconitic acid by the enzyme aconitase (aconitate hydratase). Isocitrate is acted upon by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) to form alpha-ketoglutarate. This is a two-step process, which involves oxidation of isocitrate to oxalosuccinate (a ketone), followed by the decarboxylation of the carboxyl group beta to the ketone, forming alpha-ketoglutarate. In humans, IDH exists in three isoforms: IDH3 catalyzes the third step of the citric acid cycle while converting NAD+ to NADH in the mitochondria. The isoforms IDH1 and IDH2 catalyze the same reaction outside the context of the citric acid cycle and use NADP+ as a cofactor instead of NAD+. They localize to the cytosol as well as the mitochondrion and peroxisome. Isocitric acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. Isocitric acid is a minor organic acid found in most fruit juices, especially in blackberries, youngberries, and boyberries, and in vegetables, especially in carrots. The determination of D-isocitric acid has become of importance in the analysis of fruit juices for the detection of illegal additives (adulteration). Since the quantities of citric and isocitric acids are correlated in fruit juices, a high ratio of citric to isocitric acid can indicate the addition of citric acid as an alduterant. In authentic orange juice, for example, the ratio of citric acid to D-isocitric acid is usually less than 130. Isocitric acid is mostly used in the food industry (food additive) as a food acidulant.
同义词
1:1-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
2:1-Hydroxytricarballylic acid
3:1-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
4:1-Hydroxytricarballylate
5:Isocitrate
6:1-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
7:1-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
8:3-Carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-1-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
9:3-Carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-1-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
10:3-Carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-pentarate
11:3-Carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-pentaric acid
12:D-Isocitrate
13:I-cit
14:Threo-D(S)-iso-citrate
15:Threo-DS-isocitrate
16:Isocitric acid, sodium salt
17:Isocitric acid, trisodium salt
18:Isocitric acid, disodium salt
19:Isocitric acid, (11)C-labeled
20:Isocitric acid, calcium salt
21:Isocitric acid, potassium salt
化学名称
1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
代谢物结构字符串
OC(C(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
inchi标识符
InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-2(5(10)11)4(9)6(12)13/h2,4,9H,1H2,(H,7,8)(H,10,11)(H,12,13)
印记键
ODBLHEXUDAPZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
分类学
description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tricarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are carboxylic acids containing exactly three carboxyl groups.
description:Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
kingdom:Organic compounds
super_class:Organic acids and derivatives
class:Carboxylic acids and derivatives
sub_class:Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
molecular_framework:Aliphatic acyclic compounds
1:Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives
2:Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives
3:Carbonyl compounds
4:Carboxylic acids
5:Hydrocarbon derivatives
6:Monosaccharides
7:Organic oxides
8:Secondary alcohols
9:Alcohol
10:Aliphatic acyclic compound
11:Alpha-hydroxy acid
12:Beta-hydroxy acid
13:Carbonyl group
14:Carboxylic acid
15:Hydrocarbon derivative
16:Hydroxy acid
17:Monosaccharide
18:Organic oxide
19:Organic oxygen compound
20:Organooxygen compound
21:Secondary alcohol
22:Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
23:tricarboxylic acid
本体论
term:Physiological effect
definition:The effect on an organism physiology, resulting from its exposure to a chemical.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Health effect
definition:A health condition or observation associated with a stimuli or with a biological activity of a chemical.
parent_id:7693
*level:2
type:parent
term:Health condition
definition:A health effect that consists on short or long-term disease, condition, disorder, syndrome or constant abnormality.
parent_id:7694
**level:3
type:parent
term:Anoxia
definition:
parent_id:7695
***level:4
type:child
term:Disposition
definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Route of exposure
definition:A mean by which a chemical agent comes in contact with an organism, either under intended or unintended circumstances.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Enteral
definition:Chemical exposure via the alimentary canal (mouth to anus).
parent_id:7743
**level:3
type:parent
term:Ingestion
definition:Chemical exposure facilitated by entry through the mouth.
parent_id:7744
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Digestion
term:Source
definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Endogenous
definition:
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:child
term:Food
definition:
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:child
term:Biological
definition:A living organism (species or a higher taxonomy rank), in which a chemical can be found.
parent_id:7735
**level:3
type:parent
term:Plant
definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom plantea. typically, it grows in a permanent site, absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizes nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. examples incude trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.
parent_id:7736
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Flora
term:Biological location
definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.
parent_id:7724
*level:2
type:parent
term:Organ and components
definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple tissues or substructures, which enables a common biological function.
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Endocrine gland
definition:
parent_id:7727
***level:4
type:parent
term:Biofluid and excreta
definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Semen
definition:Portion of body fluid suspension that consists of spermatozoa and seminal plasma.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Urine
definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Saliva
definition:The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. (nci).
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Blood
definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
term:Cerebrospinal fluid
definition:The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (nci).
parent_id:7731
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Csf
term:Subcellular
definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .
parent_id:7725
**level:3
type:parent
term:Cytoplasm
definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Cytoplasma
term:Mitochondria
definition:
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
term:Peroxisome
definition:A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. (Gene Ontology).
parent_id:7730
***level:4
type:child
synonym:Peroxisome vesicle
synonym:Peroxisomal
term:Process
definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.
parent_id:
level:1
type:parent
term:Naturally occurring process
definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.
parent_id:7659
*level:2
type:parent
term:Biological process
definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.
parent_id:7660
**level:3
type:parent
term:Biochemical pathway
definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.
parent_id:7661
***level:4
type:parent
实验性质
1:
kind:water_solubility
value:466 mg/mL
source:
2:
kind:melting_point
value:162 - 165 °C
source:
预测性质
1:
kind:logp
value:-0.35
source:ALOGPS
2:
kind:logs
value:-0.56
source:ALOGPS
3:
kind:solubility
value:52.5 g/L
source:ALOGPS
4:
kind:logp
value:-1.4
source:ChemAxon
5:
kind:pka_strongest_acidic
value:3.07
source:ChemAxon
6:
kind:pka_strongest_basic
value:-4
source:ChemAxon
7:
kind:iupac
value:1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
source:ChemAxon
8:
kind:average_mass
value:192.1235
source:ChemAxon
9:
kind:mono_mass
value:192.02700261
source:ChemAxon
10:
kind:smiles
value:OC(C(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
source:ChemAxon
11:
kind:formula
value:C6H8O7
source:ChemAxon
12:
kind:inchi
value:InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-2(5(10)11)4(9)6(12)13/h2,4,9H,1H2,(H,7,8)(H,10,11)(H,12,13)
source:ChemAxon
13:
kind:inchikey
value:ODBLHEXUDAPZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
source:ChemAxon
14:
kind:polar_surface_area
value:132.13
source:ChemAxon
15:
kind:refractivity
value:35.72
source:ChemAxon
16:
kind:polarizability
value:15.55
source:ChemAxon
17:
kind:rotatable_bond_count
value:5
source:ChemAxon
18:
kind:acceptor_count
value:7
source:ChemAxon
19:
kind:donor_count
value:4
source:ChemAxon
20:
kind:physiological_charge
value:-3
source:ChemAxon
21:
kind:formal_charge
value:0
source:ChemAxon
22:
kind:number_of_rings
value:0
source:ChemAxon
23:
kind:bioavailability
value:Yes
source:ChemAxon
24:
kind:rule_of_five
value:Yes
source:ChemAxon
25:
kind:ghose_filter
value:No
source:ChemAxon
26:
kind:veber_rule
value:No
source:ChemAxon
27:
kind:mddr_like_rule
value:No
source:ChemAxon
1:
type:Specdb::NmrTwoD
spectrum_id:1198
2:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:1169
3:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142790
4:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142791
5:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142792
6:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142793
7:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142794
8:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142795
9:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142796
10:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142797
11:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142798
12:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142799
13:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142800
14:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142801
15:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142802
16:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142803
17:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142804
18:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142805
19:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142806
20:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142807
21:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142808
22:
type:Specdb::NmrOneD
spectrum_id:142809
23:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:444
24:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:445
25:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:446
26:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:447
27:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:1485
28:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:2897
29:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:30196
30:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:30299
31:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:30863
32:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:31062
33:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:37349
34:
type:Specdb::CMs
spectrum_id:149653
35:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:310
36:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:311
37:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:312
38:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3509
39:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3510
40:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3511
41:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3512
42:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3513
43:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3514
44:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3515
45:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3516
46:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3517
47:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3518
48:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3519
49:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3520
50:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:3521
51:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:179079
52:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:179080
53:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:179081
54:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:181404
55:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:181405
56:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:181406
57:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:437925
58:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:437926
59:
type:Specdb::MsMs
spectrum_id:437927
生物学性质
1:
cellular:(1):Cytoplasm
cellular:(2):Mitochondria
cellular:(3):Peroxisome
2:
biospecimen:(1):Blood
biospecimen:(2):Cellular Cytoplasm
biospecimen:(3):Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
biospecimen:(4):Feces
biospecimen:(5):Saliva
biospecimen:(6):Semen
biospecimen:(7):Urine
3:
tissue:(1):Adrenal Gland
4:
[1]:
name:2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex deficiency
smpdb_id:SMP00549
kegg_map_id:
[2]:
name:Citric Acid Cycle
smpdb_id:SMP00057
kegg_map_id:map00020
[3]:
name:Congenital lactic acidosis
smpdb_id:SMP00546
kegg_map_id:
[4]:
name:Fumarase deficiency
smpdb_id:SMP00547
kegg_map_id:
[5]:
name:Glutaminolysis and Cancer
smpdb_id:SMP02298
kegg_map_id:
[6]:
name:Mitochondrial complex II deficiency
smpdb_id:SMP00548
kegg_map_id:
[7]:
name:Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (E2)
smpdb_id:SMP00551
kegg_map_id:
[8]:
name:Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (E3)
smpdb_id:SMP00550
kegg_map_id:
[9]:
name:The oncogenic action of 2-hydroxyglutarate
smpdb_id:SMP02291
kegg_map_id:
[10]:
name:The oncogenic action of D-2-hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxygluaricaciduria
smpdb_id:SMP02359
kegg_map_id:
[11]:
name:The Oncogenic Action of Fumarate
smpdb_id:SMP02295
kegg_map_id:
[12]:
name:The oncogenic action of L-2-hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxygluaricaciduria
smpdb_id:SMP02358
kegg_map_id:
[13]:
name:The Oncogenic Action of Succinate
smpdb_id:SMP02292
kegg_map_id:
[14]:
name:Warburg Effect
smpdb_id:SMP00654
kegg_map_id:
正常浓度
1:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:6.0 (0.0-10.0)
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
2:
biospecimen:Blood
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
3:
biospecimen:Cellular Cytoplasm
concentration_value:38 (23-53)
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
4:
biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
concentration_value:10.0 +/- 9.0
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
5:
biospecimen:Feces
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
6:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:4.17 +/- 1.75
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Female
subject_condition:Normal
7:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:0.988 +/- 0.531
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
8:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:0.294 +/- 0.267
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Female
subject_condition:Normal
9:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
10:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:0.616 +/- 0.351
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Female
subject_condition:Normal
11:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:0.616 +/- 0.351
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
12:
biospecimen:Semen
concentration_value:400 - 1500
concentration_units:uM
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
13:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
14:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:52.403 +/- 28.756
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)
subject_sex:Not Specified
subject_condition:Normal
15:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:56.8(19.4-119.1)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
16:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
17:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
18:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:30-57
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Female
subject_condition:Normal
19:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
20:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:94.3 (29.8-154.4)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
21:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:120.1 (101.1-265.3)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
22:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:53.7 (31.9-83.1)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
23:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:45.0 (18.0-69.9)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
24:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:38.9 (16.0-118.0)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
25:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:19.0 (5.0-34.0)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
26:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:7.7 (5.0-12.0)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
27:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:24.52
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Male
subject_condition:Normal
28:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:58 (36-84)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
29:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:46.9 (20.4-89.2)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
30:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:19.08 (5.26 - 42.76)
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
31:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:22.0 +/- 13.8
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
32:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:27-43
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Male
subject_condition:Normal
33:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:14.7
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)
subject_sex:Both
subject_condition:Normal
异常浓度
1:
biospecimen:Cellular Cytoplasm
concentration_value:15 (14.8-15.2)
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Anoxia
2:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:3.75 +/- 2.89
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Alzheimer's disease
3:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:3.28 +/- 1.43
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Male
patient_information:Frontotemporal lobe dementia
4:
biospecimen:Saliva
concentration_value:3.98 +/- 0.15
concentration_units:uM
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Lewy body disease
5:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:90.008 +/- 97.639
concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine
patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)
patient_sex:Not Specified
patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis
6:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Bladder cancer
7:
biospecimen:Urine
concentration_value:
concentration_units:
patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)
patient_sex:Both
patient_information:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
疾病参考
1:
name:Anoxia
omim_id:
[1]:
reference_text:Zupke C, Sinskey AJ, Stephanopoulos G: Intracellular flux analysis applied to the effect of dissolved oxygen on hybridomas. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1995 Dec;44(1-2):27-36.
pubmed_id:8579834
2:
name:Alzheimer's disease
omim_id:104300
[1]:
reference_text:Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10.
pubmed_id:17031479
[2]:
reference_text:Selley ML, Close DR, Stern SE: The effect of increased concentrations of homocysteine on the concentration of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2002 May-Jun;23(3):383-8.
pubmed_id:11959400
[3]:
reference_text:Shetty HU, Holloway HW, Schapiro MB: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma distribution of myo-inositol and other polyols in Alzheimer disease. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):298-302.
pubmed_id:8595727
[4]:
reference_text:Jia JP, Jia JM, Zhou WD, Xu M, Chu CB, Yan X, Sun YX: Differential acetylcholine and choline concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Chin Med J (Engl). 2004 Aug;117(8):1161-4.
pubmed_id:15361288
[5]:
reference_text:Redjems-Bennani N, Jeandel C, Lefebvre E, Blain H, Vidailhet M, Gueant JL: Abnormal substrate levels that depend upon mitochondrial function in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients. Gerontology. 1998;44(5):300-4.
pubmed_id:9693263
[6]:
reference_text:Walter A, Korth U, Hilgert M, Hartmann J, Weichel O, Hilgert M, Fassbender K, Schmitt A, Klein J: Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Nov-Dec;25(10):1299-303.
pubmed_id:15465626
[7]:
reference_text:Leoni V, Masterman T, Mousavi FS, Wretlind B, Wahlund LO, Diczfalusy U, Hillert J, Bjorkhem I: Diagnostic use of cerebral and extracerebral oxysterols. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004 Feb;42(2):186-91.
pubmed_id:15061359
[8]:
reference_text:Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Holmes C, Goldstein DS: Patterns of cerebrospinal fluid catechols support increased central noradrenergic responsiveness in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):756-65.
pubmed_id:10494443
[9]:
reference_text:Lovell MA, Markesbery WR: Ratio of 8-hydroxyguanine in intact DNA to free 8-hydroxyguanine is increased in Alzheimer disease ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Arch Neurol. 2001 Mar;58(3):392-6.
pubmed_id:11255442
[10]:
reference_text:Bar KJ, Franke S, Wenda B, Muller S, Kientsch-Engel R, Stein G, Sauer H: Pentosidine and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)-lysine in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 2003 Mar-Apr;24(2):333-8.
pubmed_id:12498967
[11]:
reference_text:Serot JM, Barbe F, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Franck P, Montagne P, Nicolas JP: Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid: relation with age and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Nov;76(11):1585-7.
pubmed_id:16227558
[12]:
reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Aguilar MV, Meseguer I, Mateos-Vega CJ, Gonzalez-Munoz MJ, de Bustos F, Porta J, Orti-Pareja M, Zurdo M, Barrios E, Martinez-Para MC: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of transition metals in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1998;105(4-5):479-88.
pubmed_id:9720975
[13]:
reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Hernanz A, Fernandez-Vivancos E, Medina S, de Bustos F, Gomez-Escalonilla C, Sayed Y: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of thiamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002 Jul;109(7-8):1035-44.
pubmed_id:12111441
[14]:
reference_text:Bocca B, Forte G, Petrucci F, Pino A, Marchione F, Bomboi G, Senofonte O, Giubilei F, Alimonti A: Monitoring of chemical elements and oxidative damage in patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):197-203.
pubmed_id:16244393
[15]:
reference_text:Kristensen MO, Gulmann NC, Christensen JE, Ostergaard K, Rasmussen K: Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid in Alzheimer dementia. Acta Neurol Scand. 1993 Jun;87(6):475-81.
pubmed_id:8356878
[16]:
reference_text:Abe T, Tohgi H, Isobe C, Murata T, Sato C: Remarkable increase in the concentration of 8-hydroxyguanosine in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res. 2002 Nov 1;70(3):447-50.
pubmed_id:12391605
[17]:
reference_text:Reichman ME, Judd JT, Longcope C, Schatzkin A, Clevidence BA, Nair PP, Campbell WS, Taylor PR: Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 May 5;85(9):722-7.
pubmed_id:8478958
[18]:
reference_text:Hozumi I, Hasegawa T, Honda A, Ozawa K, Hayashi Y, Hashimoto K, Yamada M, Koumura A, Sakurai T, Kimura A, Tanaka Y, Satoh M, Inuzuka T: Patterns of levels of biological metals in CSF differ among neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurol Sci. 2011 Apr 15;303(1-2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
pubmed_id:21292280
[19]:
reference_text:Motawaj M, Peoc'h K, Callebert J, Arrang JM: CSF levels of the histamine metabolite tele-methylhistamine are only slightly decreased in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;22(3):861-71. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-100381.
pubmed_id:20858978
[20]:
reference_text:Smach MA, Jacob N, Golmard JL, Charfeddine B, Lammouchi T, Ben Othman L, Dridi H, Bennamou S, Limem K: Folate and homocysteine in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease or dementia: a case control study. Eur Neurol. 2011;65(5):270-8. doi: 10.1159/000326301. Epub 2011 Apr 8.
pubmed_id:21474939
[21]:
reference_text:Linnebank M, Popp J, Smulders Y, Smith D, Semmler A, Farkas M, Kulic L, Cvetanovska G, Blom H, Stoffel-Wagner B, Kolsch H, Weller M, Jessen F: S-adenosylmethionine is decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegener Dis. 2010;7(6):373-8. doi: 10.1159/000309657. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
pubmed_id:20523031
[22]:
reference_text:Rosler N, Wichart I, Jellinger KA: Clinical significance of neurobiochemical profiles in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's disease patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2001;108(2):231-46.
pubmed_id:11314776
[23]:
reference_text:Sunderland T, Berrettini WH, Molchan SE, Lawlor BA, Martinez RA, Vitiello B, Tariot PN, Cohen RM: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid dynorphin A1-8 in Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1991 Jul 1;30(1):81-7.
pubmed_id:1716470
[24]:
reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
pubmed_id:23857558
3:
name:Frontotemporal dementia
omim_id:600274
[1]:
reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
pubmed_id:23857558
4:
name:Lewy body disease
omim_id:
[1]:
reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
pubmed_id:23857558
5:
name:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
omim_id:601313
[1]:
reference_text:Wang D, Strandgaard S, Borresen ML, Luo Z, Connors SG, Yan Q, Wilcox CS: Asymmetric dimethylarginine and lipid peroxidation products in early autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008 Feb;51(2):184-91. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.09.020.
pubmed_id:18215696
[2]:
reference_text:Gronwald W, Klein MS, Zeltner R, Schulze BD, Reinhold SW, Deutschmann M, Immervoll AK, Boger CA, Banas B, Eckardt KU, Oefner PJ: Detection of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by NMR spectroscopic fingerprinting of urine. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1244-53. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.30. Epub 2011 Mar 9.
pubmed_id:21389975
6:
name:Eosinophilic esophagitis
omim_id:610247
[1]:
reference_text:Mordechai, Hien, and David S. Wishart
pubmed_id:
综合参考
Finogenova, T. V.; Kamzolova, S. V.; Dedyukhina, E. G.; Shishkanova, N. V.; Il'chenko, A. P.; Morgunov, I. G.; Chernyavskaya, O. G.; Sokolov, A. P. Biosynthesis of citric and isocitric acids from ethanol by mutant Yarrowia lipolytica N 1 under continuous cultivation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2002), 59(4-5), 493-500.
一般参考
1:
protein_accession:HMDBP00725
name:Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial
uniprot_id:Q99798
gene_name:ACO2
protein_type:Enzyme
2:
protein_accession:HMDBP00726
name:Cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase
uniprot_id:P21399
gene_name:ACO1
protein_type:Unknown
3:
protein_accession:HMDBP00896
name:Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrial
uniprot_id:P48735
gene_name:IDH2
protein_type:Unknown
4:
protein_accession:HMDBP00897
name:Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta, mitochondrial
uniprot_id:O43837
gene_name:IDH3B
protein_type:Unknown
5:
protein_accession:HMDBP00898
name:Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic
uniprot_id:O75874
gene_name:IDH1
protein_type:Unknown
6:
protein_accession:HMDBP00899
name:Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial
uniprot_id:P50213
gene_name:IDH3A
protein_type:Unknown
7:
protein_accession:HMDBP00900
name:Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit gamma, mitochondrial
uniprot_id:P51553
gene_name:IDH3G
protein_type:Unknown
蛋白质结合
1:
reference_text:Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6.
pubmed_id:8087979
2:
reference_text:Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69.
pubmed_id:8412012
3:
reference_text:Zupke C, Sinskey AJ, Stephanopoulos G: Intracellular flux analysis applied to the effect of dissolved oxygen on hybridomas. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1995 Dec;44(1-2):27-36.
pubmed_id:8579834
4:
reference_text:Stromme JH, Borud O, Moe PJ: Fatal lactic acidosis in a newborn attributable to a congenital defect of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Pediatr Res. 1976 Jan;10(1):62-6.
pubmed_id:813176
5:
reference_text:Sutor DJ, Percival JM, Doonan S: Isolation and identification of some urinary inhibitors of calcium phosphate formation. Clin Chim Acta. 1978 Oct 16;89(2):273-8.
pubmed_id:213213
6:
reference_text:Ebeling K, Ruckhaberle KE, Bilek K: [Studies on the recording of cytostatic effects on organ cultures of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix]. Zentralbl Gynakol. 1977;99(20):1249-59.
pubmed_id:595962
7:
reference_text:Sutor DJ, Percival JM, Doonan S: Urinary inhibitor of the formation of calcium oxalate. Br J Urol. 1979 Aug;51(4):253-5.
pubmed_id:223711
8:
reference_text:Hennequin C, Lalanne V, Daudon M, Lacour B, Drueke T: A new approach to studying inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth. Urol Res. 1993 Mar;21(2):101-8.
pubmed_id:8389069
9:
reference_text:Kavanagh JP: Isocitric and citric acid in human prostatic and seminal fluid: implications for prostatic metabolism and secretion. Prostate. 1994;24(3):139-42.
pubmed_id:8115279
10:
reference_text:Mikosha AS, Monissarenko VP, Bychkovskaia LA: [Properties of adrenocortical isocitrate dehydrogenase]. Vopr Med Khim. 1981 Nov-Dec;27(6):736-9.
pubmed_id:7336646
11:
reference_text:Sutor DJ, Percival JM: The estimation of D-isocitric acid in urine using isocitrate dehydrogenase. Clin Chim Acta. 1978 Jun;86(2):223-5.
pubmed_id:657545