版本
5.0
创建日期
2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
更新日期
2021-09-14 15:20:01 UTC
登录号
HMDB0000168
地位
quantified
二级访问
HMDB00168

名称
L-Asparagine
描述
Asparagine (Asn) or L-asparagine is an alpha-amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-asparagine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Asparagine is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. In humans, asparagine is not an essential amino acid, which means that it can be synthesized from central metabolic pathway intermediates in humans and is not required in the diet. The precursor to asparagine is oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is converted to aspartate using a transaminase enzyme. This enzyme transfers the amino group from glutamate to oxaloacetate producing alpha-ketoglutarate and aspartate. The enzyme asparagine synthetase produces asparagine, AMP, glutamate, and pyrophosphate from aspartate, glutamine, and ATP. In the asparagine synthetase reaction, ATP is used to activate aspartate, forming beta-aspartyl-AMP. Glutamine donates an ammonium group which reacts with beta-aspartyl-AMP to form asparagine and free AMP. Since the asparagine side chain can make efficient hydrogen bond interactions with the peptide backbone, asparagines are often found near the beginning and end of alpha-helices, and in turn motifs in beta sheets. Its role can be thought as "capping" the hydrogen bond interactions which would otherwise need to be satisfied by the polypeptide backbone. Asparagine also provides key sites for N-linked glycosylation, a modification of the protein chain that is characterized by the addition of carbohydrate chains. A reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars or reactive carbonyls produces acrylamide (acrylic amide) in food when heated to sufficient temperature (i.e. baking). These occur primarily in baked goods such as French fries, potato chips, and roasted coffee. Asparagine was first isolated in 1806 from asparagus juice --hence its name. Asparagine was the first amino acid to be isolated. The smell observed in the urine of some individuals after the consumption of asparagus is attributed to a byproduct of the metabolic breakdown of asparagine, asparagine-amino-succinic-acid monoamide. However, some scientists disagree and implicate other substances in the smell, especially methanethiol.
同义词
1:(2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid

2:(2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid

3:(S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid

4:(S)-Asparagine

5:2-Aminosuccinamic acid

6:alpha-Aminosuccinamic acid

7:Asn

8:ASPARAGINE

9:Aspartamic acid

10:L-2-Aminosuccinamic acid

11:L-Asparagin

12:L-Aspartic acid beta-amide

13:N

14:(2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate

15:(2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoate

16:(S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoate

17:2-Aminosuccinamate

18:a-Aminosuccinamate

19:a-Aminosuccinamic acid

20:alpha-Aminosuccinamate

21:Α-aminosuccinamate

22:Α-aminosuccinamic acid

23:Aspartamate

24:L-2-Aminosuccinamate

25:L-Aspartate b-amide

26:L-Aspartate beta-amide

27:L-Aspartate β-amide

28:L-Aspartic acid b-amide

29:L-Aspartic acid β-amide

30:(-)-Asparagine

31:(S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate

32:(S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid

33:Agedoite

34:alpha Amminosuccinamate

35:alpha Amminosuccinamic acid

36:Altheine

37:Asparagine acid

38:Asparamide

39:Aspartic acid amide

40:Aspartic acid b-amide

41:Aspartic acid beta amide

42:b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoate

43:b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoic acid

44:Crystal VI

45:L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoate

46:L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid

47:L-Aspartamine

48:L-b-Asparagine

49:L-beta-Asparagine

化学式
C4H8N2O3
平均分子量
132.1179
等位分子量
132.053492132
化学名称
(2S)-2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid
传统名称
L-asparagine
CAS 登记号
70-47-3
代谢物结构字符串
N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O
inchi标识符
InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1
印记键
DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N
分类学
description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as asparagine and derivatives. Asparagine and derivatives are compounds containing asparagine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.

description:Asparagine and derivatives

kingdom:Organic compounds

super_class:Organic acids and derivatives

class:Carboxylic acids and derivatives

sub_class:Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

molecular_framework:Aliphatic acyclic compounds

1:Amino acids

2:Carbonyl compounds

3:Carboxylic acids

4:Fatty acids and conjugates

5:Fatty amides

6:Hydrocarbon derivatives

7:L-alpha-amino acids

8:Monoalkylamines

9:Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives

10:Organic oxides

11:Organopnictogen compounds

12:Primary carboxylic acid amides

13:Aliphatic acyclic compound

14:Alpha-amino acid

15:Amine

16:Amino acid

17:Asparagine or derivatives

18:Carbonyl group

19:Carboxamide group

20:Carboxylic acid

21:Fatty acid

22:Fatty acyl

23:Fatty amide

24:Hydrocarbon derivative

25:L-alpha-amino acid

26:Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives

27:Organic nitrogen compound

28:Organic oxide

29:Organic oxygen compound

30:Organonitrogen compound

31:Organooxygen compound

32:Organopnictogen compound

33:Primary aliphatic amine

34:Primary amine

35:Primary carboxylic acid amide

36:Common amino acids

37:L-alpha-amino acid

38:asparagine

39:aspartate family amino acid

40:proteinogenic amino acid

本体论
term:Physiological effect

definition:The effect on an organism physiology, resulting from its exposure to a chemical.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Health effect

definition:A health condition or observation associated with a stimuli or with a biological activity of a chemical.

parent_id:7693

*level:2

type:parent

term:Health condition

definition:A health effect that consists on short or long-term disease, condition, disorder, syndrome or constant abnormality.

parent_id:7694

**level:3

type:parent

term:Schizophrenia

definition:A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Epilepsy

definition:A brain disease that is characterized by the occurrance of at least two unprovoked seizures resulting from a persistent epileptogenic abnormality of the brain that is able to spontaneously generate paroxysmal activity and typically manifested by sudden brief episodes of altered or diminished consciousness, involuntary movements, or convulsions. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Epileptic spasms

term:Uremia

definition:A disorder characterized by accummulation of solutes in the blood of people with chronic kidney disease. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Uraemia

term:Cancer

definition:A group of disorders characterized by the presense of malignant neoplasm.

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:parent

term:Disposition

definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Route of exposure

definition:A mean by which a chemical agent comes in contact with an organism, either under intended or unintended circumstances.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Enteral

definition:Chemical exposure via the alimentary canal (mouth to anus).

parent_id:7743

**level:3

type:parent

term:Ingestion

definition:Chemical exposure facilitated by entry through the mouth.

parent_id:7744

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Digestion

term:Source

definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Endogenous

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Food

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Synthetic

definition:A man-made product or sample in which a chemical can be found.

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Biological

definition:A living organism (species or a higher taxonomy rank), in which a chemical can be found.

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:parent

term:Animal

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom animalia. it feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Fauna

term:Plant

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom plantea. typically, it grows in a permanent site, absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizes nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. examples incude trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:parent

synonym:Flora

term:Biological location

definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Tissue and substructures

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple cells yet not comprising a complete organ .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:All tissues

definition:All tissues in the body of the organism.

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Placenta

definition:An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin b. (nci).

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Organ and components

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple tissues or substructures, which enables a common biological function.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Prostate

definition:The male reproductive accessory gland that produces prostatic fluid and is located adjacent to or around the urethra distal to the urinary bladder in mammals. (nci).

parent_id:7727

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Prostate gland

term:Biofluid and excreta

definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Urine

definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Saliva

definition:The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Feces

definition:The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Fecal

synonym:Stool

synonym:Faecal

synonym:Faeces

term:Blood

definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Breast milk

definition:Portion of secreted substance produced by the mammary gland.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Sweat

definition:Secretion produced by a sweat gland.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Cerebrospinal fluid

definition:The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Csf

term:Subcellular

definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Cytoplasm

definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Cytoplasma

term:Mitochondria

definition:

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

term:Cell and elements

definition:An anatomical organizational level comprising of a single cell (or a fragment in some exceptions). a cell is defined by its type or function. it is the smallest unit of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Extracellular

definition:The space external to the outermost structure of a cell.

parent_id:7732

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Extracellular region

term:Process

definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Naturally occurring process

definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:7659

*level:2

type:parent

term:Biological process

definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.

parent_id:7660

**level:3

type:parent

term:Biochemical pathway

definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.

parent_id:7661

***level:4

type:parent

term:Role

definition:The purpose or function assumed by a chemical, either naturally or as intended by humans .

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Environmental role

definition:A direct or indirect function of chemical product or process which affect the components of the environment.

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Environmental contaminant

definition:A chemical substance, natural or synthetic, that when present in sufficient concentrations is harmful to organisms and the environment.

parent_id:7692

**level:3

type:child

synonym:Pollutant

synonym:Contaminant

term:Industrial application

definition:The assumed function of a chemical utilized by human.

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Food and nutrition

definition:A chemical purpose related to manufacturing of food and nutrition products.

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:parent

term:Nutritional supplement

definition:

parent_id:7687

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Nutraceutical

synonym:Dietary supplement

term:Pharmaceutical industry

definition:A pharmacologic activity for which a chemical substance is utilized owing to its biological role.

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:parent

term:Pharmaceutical

definition:

parent_id:7679

***level:4

type:child

term:Biological role

definition:The biological function of a chemical. the biological role answers the question how a chemical is involved in molecular processes in an organism. this can include biochemical effects of non-endogenous chemicals, which are also assigned an industrial application such as pharmaceuticals. the biological role is limited to cellular levls, and will not include role at system process level, such as a chemical which has a role in a disease.

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Essential amino acid

definition:

parent_id:7672

**level:3

type:child

term:Trace element

definition:A chemical element that occurs in very small amounts in organisms and is essential for many physiological and biochemical processes.В .

parent_id:7672

**level:3

type:child

synonym:Trace mineral

synonym:Essential mineral

状态
Solid
实验性质
1:

kind:water_solubility

value:29.4 mg/mL

source:

2:

kind:logp

value:-3.82

source:CHMELIK,J ET AL. (1991)

3:

kind:melting_point

value:234 - 235 °C

source:

预测性质
1:

kind:logp

value:-3.36

source:ALOGPS

2:

kind:logs

value:0.10

source:ALOGPS

3:

kind:solubility

value:168 g/L

source:ALOGPS

4:

kind:logp

value:-4.3

source:ChemAxon

5:

kind:pka_strongest_acidic

value:2

source:ChemAxon

6:

kind:pka_strongest_basic

value:8.43

source:ChemAxon

7:

kind:iupac

value:(2S)-2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid

source:ChemAxon

8:

kind:average_mass

value:132.1179

source:ChemAxon

9:

kind:mono_mass

value:132.053492132

source:ChemAxon

10:

kind:smiles

value:N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O

source:ChemAxon

11:

kind:formula

value:C4H8N2O3

source:ChemAxon

12:

kind:inchi

value:InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1

source:ChemAxon

13:

kind:inchikey

value:DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N

source:ChemAxon

14:

kind:polar_surface_area

value:106.41

source:ChemAxon

15:

kind:refractivity

value:28.35

source:ChemAxon

16:

kind:polarizability

value:11.68

source:ChemAxon

17:

kind:rotatable_bond_count

value:3

source:ChemAxon

18:

kind:acceptor_count

value:4

source:ChemAxon

19:

kind:donor_count

value:3

source:ChemAxon

20:

kind:physiological_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

21:

kind:formal_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

22:

kind:number_of_rings

value:0

source:ChemAxon

23:

kind:bioavailability

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

24:

kind:rule_of_five

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

25:

kind:ghose_filter

value:No

source:ChemAxon

26:

kind:veber_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

27:

kind:mddr_like_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

1:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:401

2:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:402

3:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:403

4:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:404

5:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1192

6:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1254

7:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1258

8:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1289

9:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1309

10:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1338

11:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1566

12:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:2895

13:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30028

14:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30199

15:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30302

16:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30589

17:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30736

18:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30882

19:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31040

20:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31041

21:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31042

22:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31043

23:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31044

24:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31045

25:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31046

26:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:1132

27:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:1186

28:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:4803

29:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142670

30:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142671

31:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142672

32:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142673

33:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142674

34:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142675

35:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142676

36:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142677

37:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142678

38:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142679

39:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142680

40:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142681

41:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142682

42:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142683

43:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142684

44:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142685

45:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142686

46:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142687

47:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142688

48:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142689

49:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:166511

50:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:166570

51:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3289

52:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3290

53:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3291

54:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3292

55:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3293

56:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3294

57:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3295

58:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3296

59:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3297

60:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3298

61:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3299

62:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3300

63:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3301

64:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:437099

65:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:437100

66:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:437101

67:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:437102

68:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:437103

69:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438756

70:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438757

71:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438758

72:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438868

73:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438869

74:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:438870

75:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:2228615

76:

type:Specdb::NmrTwoD

spectrum_id:980

77:

type:Specdb::NmrTwoD

spectrum_id:1183

光谱
生物学性质
1:

cellular:(1):Cytoplasm

cellular:(2):Extracellular

cellular:(3):Mitochondria

2:

biospecimen:(1):Blood

biospecimen:(2):Breast Milk

biospecimen:(3):Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

biospecimen:(4):Feces

biospecimen:(5):Saliva

biospecimen:(6):Sweat

biospecimen:(7):Urine

3:

tissue:(1):All Tissues

tissue:(2):Placenta

tissue:(3):Prostate

4:

[1]:

name:Amikacin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00253

kegg_map_id:

[2]:

name:Arbekacin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00713

kegg_map_id:

[3]:

name:Aspartate Metabolism

smpdb_id:SMP00067

kegg_map_id:map00250

[4]:

name:Azithromycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00247

kegg_map_id:

[5]:

name:Canavan Disease

smpdb_id:SMP00175

kegg_map_id:

[6]:

name:Chloramphenicol Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00729

kegg_map_id:

[7]:

name:Clarithromycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00248

kegg_map_id:

[8]:

name:Clindamycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00249

kegg_map_id:

[9]:

name:Clomocycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00262

kegg_map_id:

[10]:

name:Demeclocycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00290

kegg_map_id:

[11]:

name:Doxycycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00291

kegg_map_id:

[12]:

name:Erythromycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00250

kegg_map_id:

[13]:

name:Gentamicin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00254

kegg_map_id:

[14]:

name:Hypoacetylaspartia

smpdb_id:SMP00192

kegg_map_id:

[15]:

name:Josamycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00731

kegg_map_id:

[16]:

name:Kanamycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00255

kegg_map_id:

[17]:

name:Lincomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00728

kegg_map_id:

[18]:

name:Lymecycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00295

kegg_map_id:

[19]:

name:Methacycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00727

kegg_map_id:

[20]:

name:Minocycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00292

kegg_map_id:

[21]:

name:Neomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00256

kegg_map_id:

[22]:

name:Netilmicin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00257

kegg_map_id:

[23]:

name:Nitrogen metabolism

smpdb_id:

kegg_map_id:map00910

[24]:

name:Oxytetracycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00293

kegg_map_id:

[25]:

name:Paromomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00714

kegg_map_id:

[26]:

name:Rolitetracycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00726

kegg_map_id:

[27]:

name:Roxithromycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00251

kegg_map_id:

[28]:

name:Spectinomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00258

kegg_map_id:

[29]:

name:Streptomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00259

kegg_map_id:

[30]:

name:Telithromycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00252

kegg_map_id:

[31]:

name:Tetracycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00294

kegg_map_id:

[32]:

name:Tigecycline Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00712

kegg_map_id:

[33]:

name:Tobramycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00711

kegg_map_id:

[34]:

name:Transcription/Translation

smpdb_id:SMP00019

kegg_map_id:

[35]:

name:Troleandomycin Action Pathway

smpdb_id:SMP00730

kegg_map_id:

正常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:36-87

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

2:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:33-77

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (1 - 3 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

3:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:23-79

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (3 months - 6 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

4:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:25-75

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

5:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:32.9 +/- 7.6

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

6:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

7:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:41.0 (31.0-51.0)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

8:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:29-132

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

9:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:61.7(12.09)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

10:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:48.0 +/- 7.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

11:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:46.0 +/- 7.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

12:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:29.0-90.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

13:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:49.0 +/- 7.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

14:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:47.0 +/- 9.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

15:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:48.4 +/- 9.29

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

16:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:54.4(47.3-68.3)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 uears old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

17:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:35.0 (16.4-57.2)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

18:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:82.4 +/- 7.3

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

19:

biospecimen:Breast Milk

concentration_value:16.6 +/- 10.5

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

20:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4.43 (0.0-8.86)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

21:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:19.0 +/- 11.1

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

22:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:8.1 +/- 4.9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

23:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:9.0 +/- 4.2

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

24:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:5.4 +/- 1.4

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

25:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:6.20 (5.90-6.50)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

26:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:5.99 +/- 0.92

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

27:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4-10

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (0 - 10 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

28:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4-10

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adolescent (>11 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

29:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

30:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

31:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

32:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

33:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

34:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

35:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

36:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:30 +/- 30

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

37:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

38:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

39:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

40:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

41:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.20 +/- 0.809

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

42:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.24 +/- 0.768

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

43:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.70 +/- 1.69

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

44:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.74 +/- 0.972

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

45:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:2.17 +/- 1.41

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

46:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:0.580 +/- 0.511

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

47:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.76 +/- 2.11

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

48:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:8.75

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

49:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:9.5 (3.0-26.0)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

50:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.49-32.012

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

51:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.66-16.53

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

52:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

53:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.1-5.5

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

54:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.83-26.92

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

55:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:15.15-53.01

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

56:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.96 +/- 0.65

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

57:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.83-113.12

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

58:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:10.1 (4.6-17.8)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

59:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 77.90

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

60:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 53.03

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (1 - 6 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

61:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 32.00

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (6 months - <1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

62:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

63:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 28.15

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 2 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

64:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 26.23

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (2 - 4 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

65:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 25.33

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (4 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

66:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 19.56

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adolescent (13 - 21 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

67:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0 - 19.56

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>21 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

68:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:25.158 +/- 23.462

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

69:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<3.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

70:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<4.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (1 - 6 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

71:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:7.013-100.00

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

72:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:<5.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

73:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.296-155.231

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

74:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:10.52 +/- 3.85

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

75:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.5-3.7

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

76:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:8.8 (4.6-17.7)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

77:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:35.7098 +/- 12.6254

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

78:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.17-46.60

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

79:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:10.0 (4.6-16.32)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

80:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:9.211 (3.289-15.1)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

81:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.42-10.5

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

82:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.81(1.84-5.77)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

83:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.30-44.79

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

84:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.68(0.36-10.57)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

异常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:25.6 (10.3)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

2:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:54.1 +/- 21.7

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Heart Transplant

3:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

4:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:39.13 +/- 16.35

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy with fetuses with trisomy 18

5:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:31.89 +/- 13.6

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

6:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:36.5 (17.2)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Early preeclampsia

7:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:34.5 (14.5)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

8:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:40.8 +/- 11.5

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Uremia

9:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:39.9 +/- 3.2

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Epilepsy

10:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:99

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Fumaric aciduria

11:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:56.7(42.3-70.3)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 uears old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Environmental enteric dysfunction

12:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:69.29(13.01)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

13:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:31.3 (11.3)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Late-onset preeclampsia

14:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:32.4 (13.7)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

15:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:27.3 (9.6)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Down syndrome pregnancy

16:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:7.9 +/- 6.4

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Leukemia

17:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:11.1 +/- 6.7

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:leukemia

18:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:6.01 +/- 0.65

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Schizophrenia

19:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:1.77 +/- 0.16

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

20:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

21:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:celiac disease

22:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Crohns disease

23:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

24:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Crohns disease

25:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

26:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Unclassified IBD

27:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:celiac disease

28:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Treated celiac disease

29:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Crohn's disease

30:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

31:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Gout

32:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1.68 +/- 2.90

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

33:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:0.97 +/- 1.12

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Frontotemporal lobe dementia

34:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:3.02 +/- 0.83

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Lewy body disease

35:

biospecimen:Sweat

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:screen-positive CF

36:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:35.098 +/- 22.947

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis

37:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:20.700-447

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Fumaric aciduria

38:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:29.6797 +/- 15.0964

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis

39:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:28.0762 +/- 31.9291

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Gastroesophageal reflux disease

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reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello Bde L, Ratcliffe NM, Probert CS: An investigation of fecal volatile organic metabolites in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058204. Epub 2013 Mar 13.

pubmed_id:23516449

[7]:

reference_text:Walton C, Fowler DP, Turner C, Jia W, Whitehead RN, Griffiths L, Dawson C, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Cole JA, Cauchi M, Bessant C, Hunter JO: Analysis of volatile organic compounds of bacterial origin in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Sep;19(10):2069-78. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e31829a91f6.

pubmed_id:23867873

[8]:

reference_text:De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8.

pubmed_id:24811995

[9]:

reference_text:Bjerrum JT, Wang Y, Hao F, Coskun M, Ludwig C, Gunther U, Nielsen OH: Metabonomics of human fecal extracts characterize ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and healthy individuals. Metabolomics. 2015;11:122-133. Epub 2014 Jun 1.

pubmed_id:25598765

[10]:

reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25.

pubmed_id:26806034

[11]:

reference_text:Lee T, Clavel T, Smirnov K, Schmidt A, Lagkouvardos I, Walker A, Lucio M, Michalke B, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Fedorak R, Haller D: Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD. Gut. 2017 May;66(5):863-871. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309940. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

pubmed_id:26848182

[12]:

reference_text:Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158.

pubmed_id:27609529

[13]:

reference_text:Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9.

pubmed_id:28842642

14:

name:Gout

omim_id:138900

[1]:

reference_text:Shao T, Shao L, Li H, Xie Z, He Z, Wen C: Combined Signature of the Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome in Patients with Gout. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 21;8:268. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00268. eCollection 2017.

pubmed_id:28270806

[2]:

reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

pubmed_id:

15:

name:Frontotemporal dementia

omim_id:600274

[1]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

16:

name:Lewy body disease

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

17:

name:Cystic fibrosis

omim_id:219700

[1]:

reference_text:Smith JL, Lewindon PJ, Hoskins AC, Pereira TN, Setchell KD, O'Connell NC, Shepherd RW, Ramm GA: Endogenous ursodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid in liver disease due to cystic fibrosis. Hepatology. 2004 Jun;39(6):1673-82.

pubmed_id:15185309

[2]:

reference_text:Matsui A, Psacharopoulos HT, Mowat AP, Portmann B, Murphy GM: Radioimmunoassay of serum glycocholic acid, standard laboratory tests of liver function and liver biopsy findings: comparative study of children with liver disease. J Clin Pathol. 1982 Sep;35(9):1011-7.

pubmed_id:7119120

[3]:

reference_text:Scalabrino G, Galimberti D, Mutti E, Scalabrini D, Veber D, De Riz M, Bamonti F, Capello E, Mancardi GL, Scarpini E: Loss of epidermal growth factor regulation by cobalamin in multiple sclerosis. Brain Res. 2010 May 28;1333:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.03.073. Epub 2010 Mar 27.

pubmed_id:20347721

[4]:

reference_text:Adriana Nori de Macedo. Robust capillary electrophoresis methods for biomarker discovery and routine measurements in clinical and epidemiological applications. March 2017: https://macsphere.mcmaster.ca/handle/11375/21248

18:

name:Eosinophilic esophagitis

omim_id:610247

[1]:

reference_text:Mordechai, Hien, and David S. Wishart

pubmed_id:

KEGG数据库编号
C00152
DrugBank数据库编号
DB00174
foodb数据库编号
FDB000787
ChemSpider数据库编号
6031
公共化学化合物编号
6267
PDB数据库编号
生物利益的化学实体数据库编号
17196
knapsack数据库编号
C00001341
维基百科编号
Asparagine
代谢途径的数据库编号
ASN
苯酚资源管理器化合物数据库编号
比格数据库编号
34055
梅林编号
14
虚拟机身份证编号
ASN_L
fbonto数据库编号
综合参考
Wang, Fangda. Preparation of L-b-asparagine. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2005), 8 pp.
一般参考
1:

protein_accession:HMDBP00583

name:Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]

uniprot_id:P08243

gene_name:ASNS

protein_type:Enzyme

2:

protein_accession:HMDBP00611

name:Asparagine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic

uniprot_id:O43776

gene_name:NARS

protein_type:Enzyme

3:

protein_accession:HMDBP01589

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1

uniprot_id:P04843

gene_name:RPN1

protein_type:Enzyme

4:

protein_accession:HMDBP01591

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit

uniprot_id:P39656

gene_name:DDOST

protein_type:Enzyme

5:

protein_accession:HMDBP01592

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 2

uniprot_id:P04844

gene_name:RPN2

protein_type:Enzyme

6:

protein_accession:HMDBP01955

name:Neutral amino acid transporter B(0)

uniprot_id:Q15758

gene_name:SLC1A5

protein_type:Transporter

7:

protein_accession:HMDBP02781

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3A

uniprot_id:P46977

gene_name:STT3A

protein_type:Enzyme

8:

protein_accession:HMDBP03036

name:Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3

uniprot_id:Q99624

gene_name:SLC38A3

protein_type:Transporter

9:

protein_accession:HMDBP03268

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit DAD1

uniprot_id:P61803

gene_name:DAD1

protein_type:Enzyme

10:

protein_accession:HMDBP03342

name:Isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase

uniprot_id:Q7L266

gene_name:ASRGL1

protein_type:Enzyme

11:

protein_accession:HMDBP07257

name:Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3B

uniprot_id:Q8TCJ2

gene_name:STT3B

protein_type:Enzyme

12:

protein_accession:HMDBP07300

name:60 kDa lysophospholipase

uniprot_id:Q86U10

gene_name:ASPG

protein_type:Enzyme

13:

protein_accession:HMDBP09255

name:Probable asparagine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

uniprot_id:Q96I59

gene_name:NARS2

protein_type:Enzyme

蛋白质结合
1:

reference_text:Rip JW, Coulter-Mackie MB, Rupar CA, Gordon BA: Purification and structure of human liver aspartylglucosaminidase. Biochem J. 1992 Dec 15;288 ( Pt 3):1005-10.

pubmed_id:1281977

2:

reference_text:Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762.

pubmed_id:19212411

3:

reference_text:Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7.

pubmed_id:6198473

4:

reference_text:Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14.

pubmed_id:15911239

5:

reference_text:Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6.

pubmed_id:12297216

6:

reference_text:Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24.

pubmed_id:14992292

7:

reference_text:Starczynowski DT, Reynolds JG, Gilmore TD: Mutations of tumor necrosis factor alpha-responsive serine residues within the C-terminal transactivation domain of human transcription factor REL enhance its in vitro transforming ability. Oncogene. 2005 Nov 10;24(49):7355-68.

pubmed_id:16027730

8:

reference_text:Fischer D, Schroers A, Blumcke I, Urbach H, Zerres K, Mortier W, Vorgerd M, Schroder R: Consequences of a novel caveolin-3 mutation in a large German family. Ann Neurol. 2003 Feb;53(2):233-41.

pubmed_id:12557291

9:

reference_text:Filho JC, Bergstrom J, Stehle P, Furst P: Simultaneous measurements of free amino acid patterns of plasma, muscle and erythrocytes in healthy human subjects. Clin Nutr. 1997 Dec;16(6):299-305.

pubmed_id:16844612

10:

reference_text:Sun S, Han J, Ralph WM Jr, Chandrasekaran A, Liu K, Auborn KJ, Carter TH: Endoplasmic reticulum stress as a correlate of cytotoxicity in human tumor cells exposed to diindolylmethane in vitro. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2004 Mar;9(1):76-87.

pubmed_id:15270080

11:

reference_text:Takamatsu S, Inoue N, Katsumata T, Nakamura K, Fujibayashi Y, Takeuchi M: The relationship between the branch-forming glycosyltransferases and cell surface sugar chain structures. Biochemistry. 2005 Apr 26;44(16):6343-9.

pubmed_id:15835923

12:

reference_text:Chiara F, Goumans MJ, Forsberg H, Ahgren A, Rasola A, Aspenstrom P, Wernstedt C, Hellberg C, Heldin CH, Heuchel R: A gain of function mutation in the activation loop of platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor deregulates its kinase activity. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 8;279(41):42516-27. Epub 2004 Jul 28.

pubmed_id:15284236

13:

reference_text:Xu L, Wang Y, Gillespie D, Meissner G: Two rings of negative charges in the cytosolic vestibule of type-1 ryanodine receptor modulate ion fluxes. Biophys J. 2006 Jan 15;90(2):443-53. Epub 2005 Oct 20.

pubmed_id:16239337

14:

reference_text:Poon CJ, Plaas AH, Keene DR, McQuillan DJ, Last K, Fosang AJ: N-linked keratan sulfate in the aggrecan interglobular domain potentiates aggrecanase activity. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 24;280(25):23615-21. Epub 2005 Apr 22.

pubmed_id:15849197

15:

reference_text:Ahlman B, Andersson K, Leijonmarck CE, Ljungqvist O, Hedenborg L, Wernerman J: Short-term starvation alters the free amino acid content of the human intestinal mucosa. Clin Sci (Lond). 1994 Jun;86(6):653-62.

pubmed_id:7914846

16:

reference_text:Avramis VI, Panosyan EH: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships of asparaginase formulations: the past, the present and recommendations for the future. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(4):367-93.

pubmed_id:15828851

17:

reference_text:Mohrmann K, van Eijndhoven MA, Schinkel AH, Schellens JH: Absence of N-linked glycosylation does not affect plasma membrane localization of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;56(4):344-50. Epub 2005 May 5.

pubmed_id:15875186

18:

reference_text:Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043.

pubmed_id:32033212

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