版本
5.0
创建日期
2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
更新日期
2021-09-14 15:20:01 UTC
登录号
HMDB0000159
地位
quantified
二级访问
HMDB0000612

HMDB00159

HMDB00612

名称
L-Phenylalanine
描述
Phenylalanine (Phe), also known as L-phenylalanine is an alpha-amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-phenylalanine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Phenylalanine is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is classified as an aromatic, non-polar amino acid. In humans, phenylalanine is an essential amino acid and the precursor of the amino acid tyrosine. Like tyrosine, phenylalanine is also a precursor for catecholamines including tyramine, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Catecholamines are neurotransmitters that act as adrenalin-like substances. Interestingly, several psychotropic drugs (mescaline, morphine, codeine, and papaverine) also have phenylalanine as a constituent. Phenylalanine is highly concentrated in the human brain and plasma. Normal metabolism of phenylalanine requires biopterin, iron, niacin, vitamin B6, copper, and vitamin C. An average adult ingests 5 g of phenylalanine per day and may optimally need up to 8 g daily. Phenylalanine is highly concentrated in a number of high protein foods, such as meat, cottage cheese, and wheat germ. An additional dietary source of phenylalanine is artificial sweeteners containing aspartame (a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide). As a general rule, aspartame should be avoided by phenylketonurics and pregnant women. When present in sufficiently high levels, phenylalanine can act as a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin is a compound that disrupts or attacks neural cells and neural tissue. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of phenylalanine are associated with at least five inborn errors of metabolism, including Hartnup disorder, hyperphenylalaninemia due to guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency, phenylketonuria (PKU), tyrosinemia type 2 (or Richner-Hanhart syndrome), and tyrosinemia type III (TYRO3). Phenylketonurics have elevated serum plasma levels of phenylalanine up to 400 times normal. High plasma concentrations of phenylalanine influence the blood-brain barrier transport of large neutral amino acids. The high plasma phenylalanine concentrations increase phenylalanine entry into the brain and restrict the entry of other large neutral amino acids (PMID: 19191004). Phenylalanine has been found to interfere with different cerebral enzyme systems. Untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, behavioural problems, and mental disorders. It may also result in a musty smell and lighter skin. Classic PKU dramatically affects myelination and white matter tracts in untreated infants; this may be one major cause of neurological disorders associated with phenylketonuria. Mild phenylketonuria can act as an unsuspected cause of hyperactivity, learning problems, and other developmental problems in children. It has been recently suggested that PKU may resemble amyloid diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, due to the formation of toxic amyloid-like assemblies of phenylalanine (PMID: 22706200). Phenylalanine also has some potential benefits. Phenylalanine can act as an effective pain reliever. Its use in premenstrual syndrome and Parkinson's may enhance the effects of acupuncture and electric transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS). Phenylalanine and tyrosine, like L-DOPA, produce a catecholamine-like effect. Phenylalanine is better absorbed than tyrosine and may cause fewer headaches. Low phenylalanine diets have been prescribed for certain cancers with mixed results. For instance, some tumours use more phenylalanine than others (particularly melatonin-producing tumours called melanomas).
同义词
1:(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid

2:(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-phenylpropionic acid

3:3-Phenyl-L-alanine

4:beta-Phenyl-L-alanine

5:F

6:Phe

7:PHENYLALANINE

8:(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionate

9:(S)-a-Amino-b-phenylpropionate

10:(S)-a-Amino-b-phenylpropionic acid

11:(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-phenylpropionate

12:(S)-Α-amino-β-phenylpropionate

13:(S)-Α-amino-β-phenylpropionic acid

14:b-Phenyl-L-alanine

15:Β-phenyl-L-alanine

16:(-)-beta-Phenylalanine

17:(L)-Phenylalanine

18:(S)-(-)-Phenylalanine

19:(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropanoate

20:(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid

21:(S)-alpha-Amino-benzenepropanoate

22:(S)-alpha-Amino-benzenepropanoic acid

23:(S)-alpha-Aminobenzenepropanoate

24:(S)-alpha-Aminobenzenepropanoic acid

25:(S)-alpha-Aminohydrocinnamate

26:(S)-alpha-Aminohydrocinnamic acid

27:(S)-Phenylalanine

28:alpha-Aminohydrocinnamate

29:alpha-Aminohydrocinnamic acid

30:beta-Phenyl-alpha-alanine

31:beta-Phenylalanine

32:L-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionate

33:L-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid

34:Phenyl-alanine

35:Phenylalamine

36:L-Isomer phenylalanine

37:Phenylalanine, L isomer

38:Phenylalanine, L-isomer

39:Endorphenyl

40:(6S)-Tetrahydrofolate

41:(6S)-Tetrahydrofolic acid

42:(6S)-THFA

43:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolate

44:Tetrahydrofolate

45:THF

46:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic acid

化学式
C9H11NO2
平均分子量
165.1891
等位分子量
165.078978601
化学名称
(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid
传统名称
L-phenylalanine
CAS 登记号
63-91-2
代谢物结构字符串
N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
inchi标识符
InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m0/s1
印记键
COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N
分类学
description: belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.

description:Phenylalanine and derivatives

kingdom:Organic compounds

super_class:Organic acids and derivatives

class:Carboxylic acids and derivatives

sub_class:Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

molecular_framework:Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

1:Amino acids

2:Amphetamines and derivatives

3:Aralkylamines

4:Carbonyl compounds

5:Carboxylic acids

6:Hydrocarbon derivatives

7:L-alpha-amino acids

8:Monoalkylamines

9:Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives

10:Organic oxides

11:Organopnictogen compounds

12:Phenylpropanoic acids

13:3-phenylpropanoic-acid

14:Alpha-amino acid

15:Amine

16:Amino acid

17:Amphetamine or derivatives

18:Aralkylamine

19:Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

20:Benzenoid

21:Carbonyl group

22:Carboxylic acid

23:Hydrocarbon derivative

24:L-alpha-amino acid

25:Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives

26:Monocyclic benzene moiety

27:Organic nitrogen compound

28:Organic oxide

29:Organic oxygen compound

30:Organonitrogen compound

31:Organooxygen compound

32:Organopnictogen compound

33:Phenylalanine or derivatives

34:Primary aliphatic amine

35:Primary amine

36:Common amino acids

37:L-alpha-amino acid

38:erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid

39:phenylalanine

40:proteinogenic amino acid

本体论
term:Physiological effect

definition:The effect on an organism physiology, resulting from its exposure to a chemical.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Health effect

definition:A health condition or observation associated with a stimuli or with a biological activity of a chemical.

parent_id:7693

*level:2

type:parent

term:Observation

definition:A short term health effect which reflects the reponse of the body to stimuli or is a symptom of a disease or condition; also includes health status which reflects stage in life.

parent_id:7694

**level:3

type:parent

term:Hyperactivity

definition:

parent_id:7717

***level:4

type:child

term:Attachment loss

definition:

parent_id:7717

***level:4

type:child

term:Periodontal Probing Depth

definition:

parent_id:7717

***level:4

type:child

term:Health condition

definition:A health effect that consists on short or long-term disease, condition, disorder, syndrome or constant abnormality.

parent_id:7694

**level:3

type:parent

term:Viral infection

definition:

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Epilepsy

definition:A brain disease that is characterized by the occurrance of at least two unprovoked seizures resulting from a persistent epileptogenic abnormality of the brain that is able to spontaneously generate paroxysmal activity and typically manifested by sudden brief episodes of altered or diminished consciousness, involuntary movements, or convulsions. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Epileptic spasms

term:Schizophrenia

definition:A psychotic disorder that is characterized by a disintegration of thought processes and of emotional responsiveness. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Bacterial infection

definition:

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Dengue fever

definition:

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Dhf

synonym:Dengue hemorrhagic fever

term:Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency

definition:

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Tyrosinemia

definition:An amino acid metabolic disorder that involves impaired break down of the amino acid tyrosine. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Tyrosinaemia

term:Intellectual disability

definition:A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills. (do).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:child

term:Nervous system disorders

definition:Any disorder (non-neoplastic or neoplastic) that affects the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves.

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:parent

term:Cardiac disorders

definition:Any disorder that affects the heart.

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:parent

term:Endocrine disorders

definition:Any disorder that affects the endocrine system. it can be neoplastic (carcinoid tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma) or non-neoplastic (such as diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and adrenal gland insufficiency).

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:parent

term:Cancer

definition:A group of disorders characterized by the presense of malignant neoplasm.

parent_id:7695

***level:4

type:parent

term:Disposition

definition:A concept that describes the origin of a chemical, its location within an organism, or its route of exposure.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Route of exposure

definition:A mean by which a chemical agent comes in contact with an organism, either under intended or unintended circumstances.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Enteral

definition:Chemical exposure via the alimentary canal (mouth to anus).

parent_id:7743

**level:3

type:parent

term:Ingestion

definition:Chemical exposure facilitated by entry through the mouth.

parent_id:7744

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Digestion

term:Source

definition:Natural or synthetic origin of a chemical.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Food

definition:

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:child

term:Synthetic

definition:A man-made product or sample in which a chemical can be found.

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:parent

term:Personal care product

definition:

parent_id:7742

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Pcp

synonym:Toiletries

synonym:Toiletry

synonym:Personal hygiene

synonym:Beautification product

term:Biological

definition:A living organism (species or a higher taxonomy rank), in which a chemical can be found.

parent_id:7735

**level:3

type:parent

term:Animal

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom animalia. it feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Fauna

term:Plant

definition:A living organism belonging to the kingdom plantea. typically, it grows in a permanent site, absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizes nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. examples incude trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.

parent_id:7736

***level:4

type:parent

synonym:Flora

term:Biological location

definition:The physiological origin within an organism, including anatomical compnents, biofluids and excreta.

parent_id:7724

*level:2

type:parent

term:Tissue and substructures

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple cells yet not comprising a complete organ .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:All tissues

definition:All tissues in the body of the organism.

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Placenta

definition:An organ present in some vertebrates during embryonic gestation that surrounds the fetus and provides it with nutrients and oxygen, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the fetus and mother, and provides parasitic cloaking from the mother's immune system by excretion of neurokinin b. (nci).

parent_id:7729

***level:4

type:child

term:Organ and components

definition:An anatomical organizational level including multiple tissues or substructures, which enables a common biological function.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Prostate

definition:The male reproductive accessory gland that produces prostatic fluid and is located adjacent to or around the urethra distal to the urinary bladder in mammals. (nci).

parent_id:7727

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Prostate gland

term:Biofluid and excreta

definition:A liquid, semi-solid or solid material originating in the body.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Urine

definition:Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Saliva

definition:The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Feces

definition:The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Fecal

synonym:Stool

synonym:Faecal

synonym:Faeces

term:Blood

definition:A liquid tissue with the primary function of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide (nci). it supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Breast milk

definition:Portion of secreted substance produced by the mammary gland.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Sweat

definition:Secretion produced by a sweat gland.

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

term:Cerebrospinal fluid

definition:The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. (nci).

parent_id:7731

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Csf

term:Subcellular

definition:An anatomical organizational level including a component within a biological cell .

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Cytoplasm

definition:The portion of the cell contained within the plasma membrane but excluding the nucleus.

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Cytoplasma

term:Mitochondria

definition:

parent_id:7730

***level:4

type:child

term:Cell and elements

definition:An anatomical organizational level comprising of a single cell (or a fragment in some exceptions). a cell is defined by its type or function. it is the smallest unit of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.

parent_id:7725

**level:3

type:parent

term:Extracellular

definition:The space external to the outermost structure of a cell.

parent_id:7732

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Extracellular region

term:Process

definition:Biological or chemical events, or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Naturally occurring process

definition:Naturally-occurring molecular events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product.

parent_id:7659

*level:2

type:parent

term:Biological process

definition:Biological or chemical events or a series thereof, leading to a known function or end-product within an organism.

parent_id:7660

**level:3

type:parent

term:Biochemical pathway

definition:A linked series of chemical reactions that occur in a defined order within or between organism cells, and lead to a known function or end product.

parent_id:7661

***level:4

type:parent

term:Role

definition:The purpose or function assumed by a chemical, either naturally or as intended by humans .

parent_id:

level:1

type:parent

term:Indirect biological role

definition:An indirect function of a chemical which affect the physiological state of any organism (apart from the source organism, if of biological source).

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Neurotoxin

definition:A chemical substance that interferes with the normal functioning of the nervous system.

parent_id:7691

**level:3

type:child

synonym:Neurotoxic

synonym:Neurotoxic agent

term:Metabotoxin

definition:An endogenous metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels.

parent_id:7691

**level:3

type:child

term:Industrial application

definition:The assumed function of a chemical utilized by human.

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Drug

definition:A chemical substance or preparation that causes a physiological effect in the body upon exposure .

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:child

term:Personal care products

definition:Cosmetics and personal hygene products in which a chemical was incorportaed during the manufacturing process.

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:child

term:Food and nutrition

definition:A chemical purpose related to manufacturing of food and nutrition products.

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:parent

term:Nutritional supplement

definition:

parent_id:7687

***level:4

type:child

synonym:Nutraceutical

synonym:Dietary supplement

term:Pharmaceutical industry

definition:A pharmacologic activity for which a chemical substance is utilized owing to its biological role.

parent_id:7678

**level:3

type:parent

term:Pharmaceutical

definition:

parent_id:7679

***level:4

type:child

term:Biological role

definition:The biological function of a chemical. the biological role answers the question how a chemical is involved in molecular processes in an organism. this can include biochemical effects of non-endogenous chemicals, which are also assigned an industrial application such as pharmaceuticals. the biological role is limited to cellular levls, and will not include role at system process level, such as a chemical which has a role in a disease.

parent_id:7671

*level:2

type:parent

term:Essential amino acid

definition:

parent_id:7672

**level:3

type:child

term:Trace element

definition:A chemical element that occurs in very small amounts in organisms and is essential for many physiological and biochemical processes.В .

parent_id:7672

**level:3

type:child

synonym:Trace mineral

synonym:Essential mineral

状态
Solid
实验性质
1:

kind:water_solubility

value:26.9 mg/mL

source:

2:

kind:logp

value:-1.38

source:AVDEEF,A (1997)

3:

kind:melting_point

value:283 °C

source:

预测性质
1:

kind:logp

value:-1.35

source:ALOGPS

2:

kind:logs

value:-1.60

source:ALOGPS

3:

kind:solubility

value:4.14 g/L

source:ALOGPS

4:

kind:logp

value:-1.2

source:ChemAxon

5:

kind:pka_strongest_acidic

value:2.47

source:ChemAxon

6:

kind:pka_strongest_basic

value:9.45

source:ChemAxon

7:

kind:iupac

value:(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid

source:ChemAxon

8:

kind:average_mass

value:165.1891

source:ChemAxon

9:

kind:mono_mass

value:165.078978601

source:ChemAxon

10:

kind:smiles

value:N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O

source:ChemAxon

11:

kind:formula

value:C9H11NO2

source:ChemAxon

12:

kind:inchi

value:InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m0/s1

source:ChemAxon

13:

kind:inchikey

value:COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N

source:ChemAxon

14:

kind:polar_surface_area

value:63.32

source:ChemAxon

15:

kind:refractivity

value:45.12

source:ChemAxon

16:

kind:polarizability

value:17.03

source:ChemAxon

17:

kind:rotatable_bond_count

value:3

source:ChemAxon

18:

kind:acceptor_count

value:3

source:ChemAxon

19:

kind:donor_count

value:2

source:ChemAxon

20:

kind:physiological_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

21:

kind:formal_charge

value:0

source:ChemAxon

22:

kind:number_of_rings

value:1

source:ChemAxon

23:

kind:bioavailability

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

24:

kind:rule_of_five

value:Yes

source:ChemAxon

25:

kind:ghose_filter

value:No

source:ChemAxon

26:

kind:veber_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

27:

kind:mddr_like_rule

value:No

source:ChemAxon

1:

type:Specdb::NmrTwoD

spectrum_id:975

2:

type:Specdb::NmrTwoD

spectrum_id:1177

3:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:389

4:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:390

5:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:391

6:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1252

7:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:1304

8:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:2830

9:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30069

10:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30210

11:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30607

12:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30732

13:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:30771

14:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31032

15:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:31033

16:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:37329

17:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:138002

18:

type:Specdb::CMs

spectrum_id:145736

19:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:1118

20:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:1177

21:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142590

22:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142591

23:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142592

24:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142593

25:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142594

26:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142595

27:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142596

28:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142597

29:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142598

30:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142599

31:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142600

32:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142601

33:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142602

34:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142603

35:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142604

36:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142605

37:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142606

38:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142607

39:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142608

40:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:142609

41:

type:Specdb::NmrOneD

spectrum_id:166451

42:

type:Specdb::EiMs

spectrum_id:1975

43:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:248

44:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:249

45:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:250

46:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3191

47:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3192

48:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3193

49:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3194

50:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3195

51:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3196

52:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3197

53:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3198

54:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3199

55:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3200

56:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3201

57:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3202

58:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3203

59:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3204

60:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3205

61:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3206

62:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3207

63:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3208

64:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3209

65:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3210

66:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3211

67:

type:Specdb::MsMs

spectrum_id:3212

光谱
生物学性质
1:

cellular:(1):Cytoplasm

cellular:(2):Extracellular

cellular:(3):Mitochondria

2:

biospecimen:(1):Blood

biospecimen:(2):Breast Milk

biospecimen:(3):Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

biospecimen:(4):Feces

biospecimen:(5):Saliva

biospecimen:(6):Sweat

biospecimen:(7):Urine

3:

tissue:(1):All Tissues

tissue:(2):Placenta

tissue:(3):Prostate

4:

[1]:

name:Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism

smpdb_id:SMP00008

kegg_map_id:map00360

[2]:

name:Phenylketonuria

smpdb_id:SMP00206

kegg_map_id:

[3]:

name:Transcription/Translation

smpdb_id:SMP00019

kegg_map_id:

[4]:

name:Tyrosinemia Type 2 (or Richner-Hanhart syndrome)

smpdb_id:SMP00369

kegg_map_id:

[5]:

name:Tyrosinemia Type 3 (TYRO3)

smpdb_id:SMP00370

kegg_map_id:

正常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:78.1 +/- 20.5

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

2:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:48 (50-52)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

3:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:85.2 +/- 23

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

4:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:57.0 (48.0-66.0)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

5:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:16-71

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

6:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:24-80

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (1 - 3 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

7:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:34-101

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (3 months - 6 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

8:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:39-76

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

9:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:80.0 +/- 20.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

10:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:60.0 +/- 8.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

11:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:65.0 +/- 9.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

12:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:56.0 +/- 8.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

13:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

14:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:<70

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

15:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:108 (96.80-124)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:

subject_condition:Normal

16:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:93.6 (75.8-114)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:

subject_condition:Normal

17:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:70(10.98)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

18:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:60 +/- 7

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

19:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:52 +/- 5

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

20:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:47 +/- 5

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

21:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:40.0-75.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

22:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:56 +/- 8

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

23:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:60.0 +/- 7.75

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

24:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

25:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:65 +/- 9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

26:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:81.9(70.6-94.3)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (1-13 uears old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

27:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:<120

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

28:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:166.0 +/- 3.0

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

29:

biospecimen:Breast Milk

concentration_value:13.1 +/- 3.9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

30:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:10.4 (7.58-13.2)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

31:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:15 +/- 13

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

32:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:18.0 +/- 7.2

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

33:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:12.5 +/- 2.9

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

34:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:10.8 +/- 4.2

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

35:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:12.5 +/- 2.6

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

36:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4.3 +/- 0.81

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

37:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:6.5 +/- 1.2

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

38:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4-20

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Children (0 - 10 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

39:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:6.6-15

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adolescent (>11 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

40:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

41:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

42:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

43:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

44:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

45:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

46:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:3450.591 (2159.142-3652.380)

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

47:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:3813.811 (665.904-6961.718)

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

48:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:6396.709 (3632.201-9161.218)

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

49:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

50:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

51:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

52:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

53:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

54:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

55:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

56:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

57:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

58:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

59:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:41.770 +/- 42.134

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

60:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

61:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

62:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

63:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

64:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

65:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

66:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:253.0433 +/- 397.726

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

67:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:670 +/- 410

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

68:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

69:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:120 +/- 120

concentration_units:nmol/g wet feces

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

70:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

71:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

72:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Not Specified

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

73:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

74:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:10.69 +/- 6.28

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

75:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:5.55 +/- 4.30

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

76:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:<1-68

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

77:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:<1-54

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

78:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:18 (<1-112)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

79:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:8 (<1-54)

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

80:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:8.24 +/- 6.51

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

81:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

82:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

83:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

84:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

85:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

86:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

87:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

88:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

89:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

90:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

91:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

92:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

93:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:10.8 +/- 3.3

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

94:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1-187

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:normal

95:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:1-32

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:normal

96:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:12.0 +/- 6.5

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

97:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:7.1 +/- 6.4

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

98:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:43.70 +/- 23.30

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

99:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:10.3 +/- 3.8

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

100:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:>10

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

101:

biospecimen:Sweat

concentration_value:40-260

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (60 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

102:

biospecimen:Sweat

concentration_value:< 10

concentration_units:uM

subject_age:Adult (40 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

103:

biospecimen:Sweat

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

104:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.17 - 37.65

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

105:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:6.90 - 32.79

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (1 - 6 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

106:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:11.76 - 32.79

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (6 months - <1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

107:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:10.51 - 36.41

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 2 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

108:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:6.90 - 24.19

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (2 - 4 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

109:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.41 - 30.30

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (4 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

110:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.79 - 21.71

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adolescent (13 - 21 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

111:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.79 - 21.71

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>21 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

112:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:7.8 (5.0-11.3)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

113:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.38-11.99

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

114:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:5.9

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

115:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.24-12.56

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

116:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:14.389 +/- 18.635

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

117:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.63-18.17

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

118:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.6-4.4

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

119:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.40-21.24

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

120:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:13.02 +/- 9.04

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (0-2 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

121:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:13.79 +/- 9.45

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (0-2 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

122:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.65 +/- 2.73

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

123:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:8.04 +/- 6.10

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

124:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.47-7.92

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

125:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:6.4 (3.5-11.2)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

126:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

127:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:0.7 +/- 0.3

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

128:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.1 +/- 0.5

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (1 - 6 months old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

129:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.5 +/- 0.6

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (6 months - <1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

130:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.58-31.67

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

131:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.605 (1.645-7.566)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

132:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.50 +/- 1.15

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

133:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:5.9 (2.8-10.8)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

134:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:14.67 (5.33-24)

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

135:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.61 +/- 1.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

136:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.5 +/- 1.87

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

137:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.0 +/- 1.76

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

138:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.85-28.73

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

139:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4-30

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

140:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4-30

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

141:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.1-5.0

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

142:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:12.44 +/- 9.04

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

143:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:18.09 +/- 15.83

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

144:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:26.004 +/- 13.57

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

145:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:3.7

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

146:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:23.59 +/- 16.02

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

147:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:4.14-14.15

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

148:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:15.2043 +/- 4.9763

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

149:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:7.59 +/- 2.54

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Female

subject_condition:Normal

150:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:7.57 +/- 2.52

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

subject_sex:Male

subject_condition:Normal

151:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:2.26-16.97

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

subject_age:Children (1-13 years old)

subject_sex:Not Specified

subject_condition:Normal

152:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

subject_age:Adult (>18 years old)

subject_sex:Both

subject_condition:Normal

异常浓度
1:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:60.3 +/- 16.8

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Obesity

2:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:66.5 +/- 14.6

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Obesity

3:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:49.6 (47.1-52.1)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Epilepsy

4:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:53.1 (50.8-55.4)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Epilepsy

5:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:75.0 (67.0-83.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Dengue fever

6:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:101.0 (97.0-105.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Myocardial infarction

7:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:98.0 - 113.0

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)

8:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:143.0 (128.0-158.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Bacterial infections (assorted)

9:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:171.0 (140.0-202.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Viral infections (assorted)

10:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:571.0 - 1023.0

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

11:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:44.8 +/- 21

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Heart Transplant

12:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:74.91 +/- 34.67

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy with fetuses with trisomy 18

13:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:58.24 +/- 28.67

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

14:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:62.9 (12.1)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Early preeclampsia

15:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:79.6 (42.7)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

16:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

17:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:360-1200

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Hyperphenylalaninemia due to 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (PTPS)

18:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:44.46 (12.81)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy with fetus having congenital heart defect

19:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:1210.734

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

20:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:43.9 (15.78)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

21:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:1004.909-1210.734

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

22:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:78.0 (45.9)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Late-onset preeclampsia

23:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:76.83(15.96)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

24:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:80.9 (45.4)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

25:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:64 +/- 8

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Schizophrenia

26:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:57 +/- 8

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adolescent (13-18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Schizophrenia

27:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:39.954

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Hyperphenylalaninemia due to pterin-4a-carbinolamine dehydratase

28:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:85.5(75.5-99.5)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 uears old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Environmental enteric dysfunction

29:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:71.77 +/- 9.21

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Elderly (>65 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

30:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

31:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:1000-2400

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Newborn (0-30 days old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Hyperphenylalaninemia due to guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency

32:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:55.4 (27.0)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Down syndrome pregnancy

33:

biospecimen:Blood

concentration_value:46.2 (30.8)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Pregnancy

34:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:14.7 (11.6-17.8)

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Hypothyroidism

35:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:18.6 +/- 5.2

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Leukemia

36:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:16.4 +/- 6.3

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Leukemia

37:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:14.7 +/- 3.1

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Hypothyroidism

38:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:6.0 +/- 0.8

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

39:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:14.7 +/- 3.1

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Hypothyroidism

40:

biospecimen:Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

concentration_value:4.6 +/- 1.0

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Schizophrenia

41:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

42:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal Cancer

43:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (1-13 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Autism

44:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

45:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:ankylosing spondylitis

46:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:rheumatoid arthritis

47:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ileal Crohn's disease

48:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Crohns disease

49:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

50:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Crohns disease

51:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

52:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Children (6 - 18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Unclassified IBD

53:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Not Specified

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Cryptosporidium infection

54:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

55:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Irritable bowel syndrome

56:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

57:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Crohn disease

58:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

59:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

60:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

61:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Irritable Bowel Syndrome

62:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Crohns disease

63:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Ulcerative colitis

64:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

65:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Colorectal cancer

66:

biospecimen:Feces

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Gout

67:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Attachment loss 

68:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Periodontal Probing Depth

69:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Oral cancer

70:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Female

patient_information:Breast cancer

71:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Pancreatic cancer

72:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Periodontal diseases

73:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:5.97 +/- 0.09

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

74:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)

75:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Oral leukoplakia (OLK)

76:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:9.01 +/- 2.41

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Frontotemporal lobe dementia

77:

biospecimen:Saliva

concentration_value:8.55 +/- 1.22

concentration_units:uM

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Lewy body disease

78:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:

concentration_units:

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Bladder cancer

79:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:17.479 +/- 13.832

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis

80:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:253.238

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

81:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:414.763

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Infant (0-1 year old)

patient_sex:Male

patient_information:Phenylketonuria

82:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:1.37 +/- 0.18

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Adult (>18 years old)

patient_sex:Both

patient_information:Alzheimer's disease

83:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:11.9892 +/- 6.1922

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Eosinophilic esophagitis

84:

biospecimen:Urine

concentration_value:10.2356 +/- 6.7416

concentration_units:umol/mmol creatinine

patient_age:Children (1 - 13 years old)

patient_sex:Not Specified

patient_information:Gastroesophageal reflux disease

疾病参考
1:

name:Epilepsy

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24.

pubmed_id:14992292

[2]:

reference_text:Cady EB, Lorek A, Penrice J, Reynolds EO, Iles RA, Burns SP, Coutts GA, Cowan FM: Detection of propan-1,2-diol in neonatal brain by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med. 1994 Dec;32(6):764-7.

pubmed_id:7869898

[3]:

reference_text:Perosa SR, Porcionatto MA, Cukiert A, Martins JR, Amado D, Nader HB, Cavalheiro EA, Leite JP, Naffah-Mazzacoratti MG: Extracellular matrix components are altered in the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002;43 Suppl 5:159-61.

pubmed_id:12121313

[4]:

reference_text:Spanaki MV, Siegel H, Kopylev L, Fazilat S, Dean A, Liow K, Ben-Menachem E, Gaillard WD, Theodore WH: The effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA) on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1518-22.

pubmed_id:10534261

[5]:

reference_text:Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25.

pubmed_id:6198481

[6]:

reference_text:Botez MI, Young SN: Effects of anticonvulsant treatment and low levels of folate and thiamine on amine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid. Brain. 1991 Feb;114 ( Pt 1A):333-48.

pubmed_id:1705463

[7]:

reference_text:Kobayashi K, Koide Y, Yoshino K, Shohmori T: [P-hydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid]. No To Shinkei. 1982 Aug;34(8):769-74.

pubmed_id:7126379

[8]:

reference_text:Czarnecka J, Cieslak M, Michal K: Application of solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography to qualitative and quantitative analysis of nucleotides and nucleosides in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005 Aug 5;822(1-2):85-90.

pubmed_id:15993662

[9]:

reference_text:Shaywitz BA, Cohen DJ, Bowers MB: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid in children with epilepsy. Neurology. 1975 Jan;25(1):72-9.

pubmed_id:803305

[10]:

reference_text:Anagnostouli M, Livaniou E, Nyalala JO, Evangelatos G, Zournas C, Ithakissios DS, Papageorgiou C: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of biotin in various neurological disorders. Acta Neurol Scand. 1999 Jun;99(6):387-92.

pubmed_id:10577274

[11]:

reference_text:Romigi A, Bari M, Placidi F, Marciani MG, Malaponti M, Torelli F, Izzi F, Prosperetti C, Zannino S, Corte F, Chiaramonte C, Maccarrone M: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide are reduced in patients with untreated newly diagnosed temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010 May;51(5):768-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02334.x. Epub 2009 Oct 8.

pubmed_id:19817812

[12]:

reference_text:Hirai K, Seki T: Cerebrospinal fluid somatostatin levels in febrile seizures and epilepsy in children. Neuropeptides. 2000 Feb;34(1):18-24.

pubmed_id:10688964

[13]:

reference_text:Peters JG: Dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin spinal fluid metabolites in temporal lobe epileptic patients with schizophrenic symptomatology. Eur Neurol. 1979;18(1):15-8.

pubmed_id:436860

2:

name:Dengue fever

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Klassen P, Furst P, Schulz C, Mazariegos M, Solomons NW: Plasma free amino acid concentrations in healthy Guatemalan adults and in patients with classic dengue. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Mar;73(3):647-52.

pubmed_id:11237944

3:

name:Myocardial infarction

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Wannemacher RW Jr, Klainer AS, Dinterman RE, Beisel WR: The significance and mechanism of an increased serum phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio during infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Sep;29(9):997-1006.

pubmed_id:822705

[2]:

reference_text:Mocatta TJ, Pilbrow AP, Cameron VA, Senthilmohan R, Frampton CM, Richards AM, Winterbourn CC: Plasma concentrations of myeloperoxidase predict mortality after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 May 22;49(20):1993-2000. Epub 2007 May 4.

pubmed_id:17512353

[3]:

reference_text:Yada T, Kaji S, Akasaka T, Mochizuki S, Ogasawara Y, Tanemoto K, Yoshida K, Kajiya F: Changes of asymmetric dimethylarginine, nitric oxide, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxidative stress in patients with acute myocardial infarction by medical treatments. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2007;37(3):269-76.

pubmed_id:17726257

4:

name:Maple syrup urine disease

omim_id:248600

[1]:

reference_text:Deng C, Shang C, Hu Y, Zhang X: Rapid diagnosis of phenylketonuria and other aminoacidemias by quantitative analysis of amino acids in neonatal blood spots by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Jul 25;775(1):115-20.

pubmed_id:12101068

[2]:

reference_text:Schadewaldt P, Bodner-Leidecker A, Hammen HW, Wendel U: Significance of L-alloisoleucine in plasma for diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease. Clin Chem. 1999 Oct;45(10):1734-40.

pubmed_id:10508118

[3]:

reference_text:Schadewaldt P, Hammen HW, Ott AC, Wendel U: Renal clearance of branched-chain L-amino and 2-oxo acids in maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Aug;22(6):706-22.

pubmed_id:10472531

[4]:

reference_text:Gronwald W, Klein MS, Kaspar H, Fagerer SR, Nurnberger N, Dettmer K, Bertsch T, Oefner PJ: Urinary metabolite quantification employing 2D NMR spectroscopy. Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 1;80(23):9288-97. doi: 10.1021/ac801627c.

pubmed_id:19551947

[5]:

reference_text:Kumps A, Duez P, Mardens Y: Metabolic, nutritional, iatrogenic, and artifactual sources of urinary organic acids: a comprehensive table. Clin Chem. 2002 May;48(5):708-17.

pubmed_id:11978597

[6]:

reference_text:Podebrad F, Heil M, Reichert S, Mosandl A, Sewell AC, Bohles H: 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (sotolone)--the odour of maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Apr;22(2):107-14.

pubmed_id:10234605

[7]:

reference_text:Shigematsu Y, Kikuchi K, Momoi T, Sudo M, Kikawa Y, Nosaka K, Kuriyama M, Haruki S, Sanada K, Hamano N, et al.: Organic acids and branched-chain amino acids in body fluids before and after multiple exchange transfusions in maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1983;6(4):183-9.

pubmed_id:6422161

[8]:

reference_text:Yunus ZM, Kamaludin DA, Mamat M, Choy YS, Ngu L: Clinical and biochemical profiles of maple syrup urine disease in malaysian children. JIMD Rep. 2012;5:99-107. doi: 10.1007/8904_2011_105. Epub 2011 Dec 11.

pubmed_id:23430924

[9]:

reference_text:Barschak AG, Marchesan C, Sitta A, Deon M, Giugliani R, Wajner M, Vargas CR: Maple syrup urine disease in treated patients: biochemical and oxidative stress profiles. Clin Biochem. 2008 Mar;41(4-5):317-24. Epub 2007 Dec 5.

pubmed_id:18088602

[10]:

reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

pubmed_id:

[11]:

reference_text:Peritoneal dialysis in maple-syrup-urine disease: Studies on branched-chain amino and keto acids. Eur J Pediatr (1980) 134: 57. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00442404

pubmed_id:

5:

name:Bacterial infections

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Wannemacher RW Jr, Klainer AS, Dinterman RE, Beisel WR: The significance and mechanism of an increased serum phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio during infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Sep;29(9):997-1006.

pubmed_id:822705

6:

name:Viral infection

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Wannemacher RW Jr, Klainer AS, Dinterman RE, Beisel WR: The significance and mechanism of an increased serum phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio during infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Sep;29(9):997-1006.

pubmed_id:822705

7:

name:Phenylketonuria

omim_id:261600

[1]:

reference_text:Perry TL, Hansen S: Cystinylglycine in plasma: diagnostic relevance for pyroglutamic acidemia, homocystinuria, and phenylketonuria. Clin Chim Acta. 1981 Nov 25;117(1):7-12.

pubmed_id:7333014

[2]:

reference_text:Monch E, Kneer J, Jakobs C, Arnold M, Diehl H, Batzler U: Examination of urine metabolites in the newborn period and during protein loading tests at 6 months of age--Part 1. Eur J Pediatr. 1990;149 Suppl 1:S17-24.

pubmed_id:2091926

[3]:

reference_text:Deng C, Shang C, Hu Y, Zhang X: Rapid diagnosis of phenylketonuria and other aminoacidemias by quantitative analysis of amino acids in neonatal blood spots by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Jul 25;775(1):115-20.

pubmed_id:12101068

[4]:

reference_text:Elvers LH, Loeber JG, Dhondt JL, Fukushi M, Hannon WH, Torresani T, Webster D: First ISNS Reference Preparation for Neonatal Screening for thyrotropin, phenylalanine and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in blood spots. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2007 Aug;30(4):609. Epub 2007 Jun 14.

pubmed_id:17574536

[5]:

reference_text:Langenbeck U, Behbehani A, Luthe H: Renal transport of aromatic acids in patients with phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1981;4(2):69-70.

pubmed_id:6790852

[6]:

reference_text:Peck H, Pollitt RJ: The occurrence of gamma-glutamylphenylalanine in the urine of newborn phenylketonurics. Clin Chim Acta. 1979 Jun 15;94(3):237-40.

pubmed_id:466810

[7]:

reference_text:Clemens PC, Schunemann MH, Hoffmann GF, Kohlschutter A: Plasma concentrations of phenyllactic acid in phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1990;13(2):227-8.

pubmed_id:2116554

[8]:

reference_text:Gronwald W, Klein MS, Kaspar H, Fagerer SR, Nurnberger N, Dettmer K, Bertsch T, Oefner PJ: Urinary metabolite quantification employing 2D NMR spectroscopy. Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 1;80(23):9288-97. doi: 10.1021/ac801627c.

pubmed_id:19551947

[9]:

reference_text:Jansen RS, Addie R, Merkx R, Fish A, Mahakena S, Bleijerveld OB, Altelaar M, IJlst L, Wanders RJ, Borst P, van de Wetering K: N-lactoyl-amino acids are ubiquitous metabolites that originate from CNDP2-mediated reverse proteolysis of lactate and amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 May 26;112(21):6601-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1424638112. Epub 2015 May 11.

pubmed_id:25964343

[10]:

reference_text:Swarna M, Jyothy A, Usha Rani P, Reddy PP: Amino acid disorders in mental retardation: a two-decade study from Andhra Pradesh. Biochem Genet. 2004 Apr;42(3-4):85-98.

pubmed_id:15168722

[11]:

reference_text:Rampini S, Vollmin JA, Bosshard HR, Muller M, Curtius HC: Aromatic acids in urine of healthy infants, persistent hyperphenylalaninemia, and phenylketonuria, before and after phenylalanine load. Pediatr Res. 1974 Jul;8(7):704-9.

pubmed_id:4837567

[12]:

reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

pubmed_id:

8:

name:Alzheimer's disease

omim_id:104300

[1]:

reference_text:Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10.

pubmed_id:17031479

[2]:

reference_text:Selley ML, Close DR, Stern SE: The effect of increased concentrations of homocysteine on the concentration of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2002 May-Jun;23(3):383-8.

pubmed_id:11959400

[3]:

reference_text:Shetty HU, Holloway HW, Schapiro MB: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma distribution of myo-inositol and other polyols in Alzheimer disease. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):298-302.

pubmed_id:8595727

[4]:

reference_text:Jia JP, Jia JM, Zhou WD, Xu M, Chu CB, Yan X, Sun YX: Differential acetylcholine and choline concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Chin Med J (Engl). 2004 Aug;117(8):1161-4.

pubmed_id:15361288

[5]:

reference_text:Redjems-Bennani N, Jeandel C, Lefebvre E, Blain H, Vidailhet M, Gueant JL: Abnormal substrate levels that depend upon mitochondrial function in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients. Gerontology. 1998;44(5):300-4.

pubmed_id:9693263

[6]:

reference_text:Walter A, Korth U, Hilgert M, Hartmann J, Weichel O, Hilgert M, Fassbender K, Schmitt A, Klein J: Glycerophosphocholine is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Nov-Dec;25(10):1299-303.

pubmed_id:15465626

[7]:

reference_text:Leoni V, Masterman T, Mousavi FS, Wretlind B, Wahlund LO, Diczfalusy U, Hillert J, Bjorkhem I: Diagnostic use of cerebral and extracerebral oxysterols. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004 Feb;42(2):186-91.

pubmed_id:15061359

[8]:

reference_text:Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Holmes C, Goldstein DS: Patterns of cerebrospinal fluid catechols support increased central noradrenergic responsiveness in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):756-65.

pubmed_id:10494443

[9]:

reference_text:Lovell MA, Markesbery WR: Ratio of 8-hydroxyguanine in intact DNA to free 8-hydroxyguanine is increased in Alzheimer disease ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Arch Neurol. 2001 Mar;58(3):392-6.

pubmed_id:11255442

[10]:

reference_text:Bar KJ, Franke S, Wenda B, Muller S, Kientsch-Engel R, Stein G, Sauer H: Pentosidine and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)-lysine in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Neurobiol Aging. 2003 Mar-Apr;24(2):333-8.

pubmed_id:12498967

[11]:

reference_text:Serot JM, Barbe F, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Franck P, Montagne P, Nicolas JP: Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid: relation with age and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Nov;76(11):1585-7.

pubmed_id:16227558

[12]:

reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Aguilar MV, Meseguer I, Mateos-Vega CJ, Gonzalez-Munoz MJ, de Bustos F, Porta J, Orti-Pareja M, Zurdo M, Barrios E, Martinez-Para MC: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of transition metals in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1998;105(4-5):479-88.

pubmed_id:9720975

[13]:

reference_text:Molina JA, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Hernanz A, Fernandez-Vivancos E, Medina S, de Bustos F, Gomez-Escalonilla C, Sayed Y: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of thiamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002 Jul;109(7-8):1035-44.

pubmed_id:12111441

[14]:

reference_text:Bocca B, Forte G, Petrucci F, Pino A, Marchione F, Bomboi G, Senofonte O, Giubilei F, Alimonti A: Monitoring of chemical elements and oxidative damage in patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):197-203.

pubmed_id:16244393

[15]:

reference_text:Kristensen MO, Gulmann NC, Christensen JE, Ostergaard K, Rasmussen K: Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid in Alzheimer dementia. Acta Neurol Scand. 1993 Jun;87(6):475-81.

pubmed_id:8356878

[16]:

reference_text:Abe T, Tohgi H, Isobe C, Murata T, Sato C: Remarkable increase in the concentration of 8-hydroxyguanosine in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res. 2002 Nov 1;70(3):447-50.

pubmed_id:12391605

[17]:

reference_text:Reichman ME, Judd JT, Longcope C, Schatzkin A, Clevidence BA, Nair PP, Campbell WS, Taylor PR: Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 May 5;85(9):722-7.

pubmed_id:8478958

[18]:

reference_text:Hozumi I, Hasegawa T, Honda A, Ozawa K, Hayashi Y, Hashimoto K, Yamada M, Koumura A, Sakurai T, Kimura A, Tanaka Y, Satoh M, Inuzuka T: Patterns of levels of biological metals in CSF differ among neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurol Sci. 2011 Apr 15;303(1-2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Feb 2.

pubmed_id:21292280

[19]:

reference_text:Motawaj M, Peoc'h K, Callebert J, Arrang JM: CSF levels of the histamine metabolite tele-methylhistamine are only slightly decreased in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;22(3):861-71. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-100381.

pubmed_id:20858978

[20]:

reference_text:Smach MA, Jacob N, Golmard JL, Charfeddine B, Lammouchi T, Ben Othman L, Dridi H, Bennamou S, Limem K: Folate and homocysteine in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease or dementia: a case control study. Eur Neurol. 2011;65(5):270-8. doi: 10.1159/000326301. Epub 2011 Apr 8.

pubmed_id:21474939

[21]:

reference_text:Linnebank M, Popp J, Smulders Y, Smith D, Semmler A, Farkas M, Kulic L, Cvetanovska G, Blom H, Stoffel-Wagner B, Kolsch H, Weller M, Jessen F: S-adenosylmethionine is decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurodegener Dis. 2010;7(6):373-8. doi: 10.1159/000309657. Epub 2010 Jun 3.

pubmed_id:20523031

[22]:

reference_text:Rosler N, Wichart I, Jellinger KA: Clinical significance of neurobiochemical profiles in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's disease patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2001;108(2):231-46.

pubmed_id:11314776

[23]:

reference_text:Sunderland T, Berrettini WH, Molchan SE, Lawlor BA, Martinez RA, Vitiello B, Tariot PN, Cohen RM: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid dynorphin A1-8 in Alzheimer's disease. Biol Psychiatry. 1991 Jul 1;30(1):81-7.

pubmed_id:1716470

[24]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

9:

name:Early preeclampsia

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Mandal R, Dong E, Xia J, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: Metabolomics and first-trimester prediction of early-onset preeclampsia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012 Oct;25(10):1840-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.680254. Epub 2012 Apr 28.

pubmed_id:22494326

10:

name:Pregnancy

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Yang XL, Wu XR: The dynamic changes of several reproductive hormones during termination of early pregnancy by RU486 in combination with PG-05 in Chinese women. Adv Contracept. 1988 Dec;4(4):319-26.

pubmed_id:3252730

[2]:

reference_text:Ball P, Emons G, Haupt O, Hoppen HO, Knuppen R: Radioimmunoassay of 2-hydroxyestrone. Steroids. 1978 Feb;31(2):249-58.

pubmed_id:663967

[3]:

reference_text:Yang YJ, Lee J, Choi MH, Chung BC: Direct determination of estriol 3- and 16-glucuronides in pregnancy urine by column-switching liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr. 2003 Jun;17(4):219-25.

pubmed_id:12833386

[4]:

reference_text:Andreolini F, Borra C, Caccamo F, Di Corcia A, Nicoletti I, Samperi R, Improta F: Estriol and its conjugates in late pregnancy determined by extraction with Carbopack B and liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. Clin Chem. 1985 Oct;31(10):1698-702.

pubmed_id:2994907

[5]:

reference_text:Huang PC, Kuo PL, Guo YL, Liao PC, Lee CC: Associations between urinary phthalate monoesters and thyroid hormones in pregnant women. Hum Reprod. 2007 Oct;22(10):2715-22. Epub 2007 Aug 17.

pubmed_id:17704099

[6]:

reference_text:Ribar S, Mesaric M, Sedic M: Sphingoid bases as possible diagnostic parameters. Croat Med J. 2003 Apr;44(2):165-70.

pubmed_id:12698507

[7]:

reference_text:Khan HA, Sobki SH, Alhomida AS: Fluctuations in fasting blood glucose and serum fructosamine in pregnant women monitored on successive antenatal visits. Clin Exp Med. 2006 Oct;6(3):134-7.

pubmed_id:17061063

[8]:

reference_text:Mikkelsen TB, Osler M, Olsen SF: Validity of protein, retinol, folic acid and n-3 fatty acid intakes estimated from the food-frequency questionnaire used in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Public Health Nutr. 2006 Sep;9(6):771-8.

pubmed_id:16925883

[9]:

reference_text:Shiraishi M, Haruna M, Matsuzaki M, Murayama R, Sasaki S, Murashima S: Validity and reproducibility of folate and vitamin B(12) intakes estimated from a self-administered diet history questionnaire in Japanese pregnant women. Nutr J. 2012 Mar 15;11:15. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-15.

pubmed_id:22420377

[10]:

reference_text:Brantsaeter AL, Haugen M, Julshamn K, Alexander J, Meltzer HM: Evaluation of urinary iodine excretion as a biomarker for intake of milk and dairy products in pregnant women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Mar;63(3):347-54. Epub 2007 Dec 5.

pubmed_id:18059417

[11]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Mandal R, Dong E, Xia J, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: Metabolomics and first-trimester prediction of early-onset preeclampsia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012 Oct;25(10):1840-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.680254. Epub 2012 Apr 28.

pubmed_id:22494326

[12]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Mandal R, Dong E, Xia J, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: First-trimester metabolomic detection of late-onset preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jan;208(1):58.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.11.003. Epub 2012 Nov 13.

pubmed_id:23159745

[13]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Mandal R, Dong E, Xia J, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: Metabolomic analysis for first-trimester Down syndrome prediction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 May;208(5):371.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.12.035. Epub 2013 Jan 8.

pubmed_id:23313728

[14]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Chelliah A, Mandal R, Dong E, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: Metabolomic analysis for first-trimester trisomy 18 detection. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jul;209(1):65.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.03.028. Epub 2013 Mar 25.

pubmed_id:23535240

[15]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Ertl R, Mandal R, Bjorndahl TC, Syngelaki A, Han B, Dong E, Liu PB, Alpay-Savasan Z, Wishart DS, Nicolaides KH: Metabolomic prediction of fetal congenital heart defect in the first trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Sep;211(3):240.e1-240.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.056. Epub 2014 Apr 1.

pubmed_id:24704061

[16]:

reference_text:The Merck Manual, 17th ed. Mark H. Beers, MD, Robert Berkow, MD, eds. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Labs, 1999.

pubmed_id:

11:

name:Late-onset preeclampsia

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Bahado-Singh RO, Akolekar R, Mandal R, Dong E, Xia J, Kruger M, Wishart DS, Nicolaides K: First-trimester metabolomic detection of late-onset preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jan;208(1):58.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.11.003. Epub 2012 Nov 13.

pubmed_id:23159745

12:

name:Obesity

omim_id:601665

[1]:

reference_text:Tuma P, Samcova E, Balinova P: Determination of 3-methylhistidine and 1-methylhistidine in untreated urine samples by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2005 Jul 5;821(1):53-9.

pubmed_id:15899597

[2]:

reference_text:Vice E, Privette JD, Hickner RC, Barakat HA: Ketone body metabolism in lean and obese women. Metabolism. 2005 Nov;54(11):1542-5.

pubmed_id:16253646

[3]:

reference_text:Brind J, Strain G, Miller L, Zumoff B, Vogelman J, Orentreich N: Obese men have elevated plasma levels of estrone sulfate. Int J Obes. 1990 Jun;14(6):483-6.

pubmed_id:2401584

[4]:

reference_text:Serlie MJ, Meijer AJ, Groener JE, Duran M, Endert E, Fliers E, Aerts JM, Sauerwein HP: Short-term manipulation of plasma free fatty acids does not change skeletal muscle concentrations of ceramide and glucosylceramide in lean and overweight subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Apr;92(4):1524-9. Epub 2007 Jan 30.

pubmed_id:17264178

[5]:

reference_text:Driskell JA, Chrisley BM, Reynolds LK, Moak SW: Plasma B6 vitamer and plasma and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid concentrations of middle-aged obese black women. J Chromatogr. 1991 Aug 23;568(2):333-40.

pubmed_id:1783639

[6]:

reference_text:Haro C, Montes-Borrego M, Rangel-Zuniga OA, Alcala-Diaz JF, Gomez-Delgado F, Perez-Martinez P, Delgado-Lista J, Quintana-Navarro GM, Tinahones FJ, Landa BB, Lopez-Miranda J, Camargo A, Perez-Jimenez F: Two Healthy Diets Modulate Gut Microbial Community Improving Insulin Sensitivity in a Human Obese Population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan;101(1):233-42. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3351. Epub 2015 Oct 27.

pubmed_id:26505825

[7]:

reference_text:Vioque J, Weinbrenner T, Asensio L, Castello A, Young IS, Fletcher A: Plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin C are better correlated with dietary intake in normal weight than overweight and obese elderly subjects. Br J Nutr. 2007 May;97(5):977-86.

pubmed_id:17408529

[8]:

reference_text:Burrows TL, Warren JM, Colyvas K, Garg ML, Collins CE: Validation of overweight children's fruit and vegetable intake using plasma carotenoids. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Jan;17(1):162-8. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.495. Epub 2008 Nov 6.

pubmed_id:18997681

[9]:

reference_text:Reinehr T, Wolters B, Knop C, Lass N, Hellmuth C, Harder U, Peissner W, Wahl S, Grallert H, Adamski J, Illig T, Prehn C, Yu Z, Wang-Sattler R, Koletzko B: Changes in the serum metabolite profile in obese children with weight loss. Eur J Nutr. 2015 Mar;54(2):173-81. doi: 10.1007/s00394-014-0698-8. Epub 2014 Apr 17.

pubmed_id:24740590

[10]:

reference_text:Wahl S, Yu Z, Kleber M, Singmann P, Holzapfel C, He Y, Mittelstrass K, Polonikov A, Prehn C, Romisch-Margl W, Adamski J, Suhre K, Grallert H, Illig T, Wang-Sattler R, Reinehr T: Childhood obesity is associated with changes in the serum metabolite profile. Obes Facts. 2012;5(5):660-70. doi: 10.1159/000343204. Epub 2012 Oct 4.

pubmed_id:23108202

[11]:

reference_text:Cho K, Moon JS, Kang JH, Jang HB, Lee HJ, Park SI, Yu KS, Cho JY: Combined untargeted and targeted metabolomic profiling reveals urinary biomarkers for discriminating obese from normal-weight adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2017 Apr;12(2):93-101. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12114. Epub 2016 Feb 22.

pubmed_id:26910390

[12]:

reference_text:Metabolomics reveals determinants of weight loss during lifestyle intervention in obese children

pubmed_id:

13:

name:Pterin-4a carbinolamine dehydratase deficiency

omim_id:264070

[1]:

reference_text:Blaskovics M, Giudici TA: A new variant of biopterin deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1988 Dec 15;319(24):1611-2. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198812153192420.

pubmed_id:3200274

14:

name:Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency

omim_id:233910

[1]:

reference_text:Dhondt JL, Farriaux JP, Boudha A, Largilliere C, Ringel J, Roger MM, Leeming RJ: Neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia presumably caused by guanosine triphosphate-cyclohydrolase deficiency. J Pediatr. 1985 Jun;106(6):954-6.

pubmed_id:3873535

15:

name:6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency

omim_id:261640

[1]:

reference_text:Thony B, Leimbacher W, Blau N, Harvie A, Heizmann CW: Hyperphenylalaninemia due to defects in tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism: molecular characterization of mutations in 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 May;54(5):782-92.

pubmed_id:8178819

16:

name:Hypothyroidism

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Sjoberg S, Eriksson M, Nordin C: L-thyroxine treatment and neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypothyroid patients: a pilot study. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;139(5):493-7.

pubmed_id:9849813

[2]:

reference_text:Verhelst J, Berwaerts J, Marescau B, Abs R, Neels H, Mahler C, De Deyn PP: Serum creatine, creatinine, and other guanidino compounds in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Metabolism. 1997 Sep;46(9):1063-7.

pubmed_id:9284897

[3]:

reference_text:Chopra IJ, Santini F, Hurd RE, Chua Teco GN: A radioimmunoassay for measurement of thyroxine sulfate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Jan;76(1):145-50.

pubmed_id:8421080

[4]:

reference_text:Hommel E, Faber J, Kirkegaard C, Siersbaek-Nielsen K, Friis T: Urinary excretion of unconjugated and conjugated 3,5-diiodothyronine. Horm Metab Res. 1985 Feb;17(2):90-2.

pubmed_id:3988241

[5]:

reference_text:Yoshida K, Sakurada T, Kaise N, Yamamoto M, Kaise K, Saito S, Yoshinaga K: Measurement of triiodothyronine in urine. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1980 Dec;132(4):389-95.

pubmed_id:7256725

17:

name:Leukemia

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Lee SH, Suh JW, Chung BC, Kim SO: Polyamine profiles in the urine of patients with leukemia. Cancer Lett. 1998 Jan 9;122(1-2):1-8.

pubmed_id:9464484

[2]:

reference_text:Curtius HC, Wolfensberger M, Redweik U, Leimbacher W, Maibach RA, Isler W: Mass fragmentography of 5-hydroxytryptophol and 5-methoxytryptophol in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr. 1975 Oct 29;112:523-31.

pubmed_id:1184685

[3]:

reference_text:Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14.

pubmed_id:15911239

[4]:

reference_text:Ishiwata S, Itoh K, Yamaguchi T, Ishida N, Mizugaki M: Comparison of serum and urinary levels of modified nucleoside, 1-methyladenosine, in cancer patients using a monoclonal antibody-based inhibition ELISA. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1995 May;176(1):61-8.

pubmed_id:7482520

[5]:

reference_text:Silvennoinen R, Malminiemi K, Malminiemi O, Seppala E, Vilpo J: Pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: comparison of different days, cycles and doses. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000 Nov;87(5):223-8.

pubmed_id:11129502

18:

name:Schizophrenia

omim_id:181500

[1]:

reference_text:Harnryd C, Bjerkenstedt L, Grimm VE, Sedvall G: Reduction of MOPEG levels in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic women after electroconvulsive treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Aug 8;64(2):131-4.

pubmed_id:115032

[2]:

reference_text:Kobayashi K, Koide Y, Yoshino K, Shohmori T: [P-hydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid]. No To Shinkei. 1982 Aug;34(8):769-74.

pubmed_id:7126379

[3]:

reference_text:Alfredsson G, Wiesel FA: Monoamine metabolites and amino acids in serum from schizophrenic patients before and during sulpiride treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;99(3):322-7.

pubmed_id:2480613

[4]:

reference_text:Heresco-Levy U, Bar G, Levin R, Ermilov M, Ebstein RP, Javitt DC: High glycine levels are associated with prepulse inhibition deficits in chronic schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res. 2007 Mar;91(1-3):14-21. Epub 2007 Feb 2.

pubmed_id:17276036

[5]:

reference_text:Walker EF, Bonsall R, Walder DJ: Plasma hormones and catecholamine metabolites in monozygotic twins discordant for psychosis. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 2002 Mar;15(1):10-7.

pubmed_id:11877547

[6]:

reference_text:Hashimoto K, Fukushima T, Shimizu E, Komatsu N, Watanabe H, Shinoda N, Nakazato M, Kumakiri C, Okada S, Hasegawa H, Imai K, Iyo M: Decreased serum levels of D-serine in patients with schizophrenia: evidence in support of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;60(6):572-6.

pubmed_id:12796220

[7]:

reference_text:Do KQ, Lauer CJ, Schreiber W, Zollinger M, Gutteck-Amsler U, Cuenod M, Holsboer F: gamma-Glutamylglutamine and taurine concentrations are decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of drug-naive patients with schizophrenic disorders. J Neurochem. 1995 Dec;65(6):2652-62.

pubmed_id:7595563

[8]:

reference_text:Nikisch G, Baumann P, Wiedemann G, Kiessling B, Weisser H, Hertel A, Yoshitake T, Kehr J, Mathe AA: Quetiapine and norquetiapine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients treated with quetiapine: correlations to clinical outcome and HVA, 5-HIAA, and MHPG in CSF. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2010 Oct;30(5):496-503. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181f2288e.

pubmed_id:20814316

[9]:

reference_text:Fukushima T, Iizuka H, Yokota A, Suzuki T, Ohno C, Kono Y, Nishikiori M, Seki A, Ichiba H, Watanabe Y, Hongo S, Utsunomiya M, Nakatani M, Sadamoto K, Yoshio T: Quantitative analyses of schizophrenia-associated metabolites in serum: serum D-lactate levels are negatively correlated with gamma-glutamylcysteine in medicated schizophrenia patients. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 8;9(7):e101652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101652. eCollection 2014.

pubmed_id:25004141

[10]:

reference_text:Koike S, Bundo M, Iwamoto K, Suga M, Kuwabara H, Ohashi Y, Shinoda K, Takano Y, Iwashiro N, Satomura Y, Nagai T, Natsubori T, Tada M, Yamasue H, Kasai K: A snapshot of plasma metabolites in first-episode schizophrenia: a capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry study. Transl Psychiatry. 2014 Apr 8;4:e379. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.19.

pubmed_id:24713860

[11]:

reference_text:Ballesteros A, Summerfelt A, Du X, Jiang P, Chiappelli J, Tagamets M, O'Donnell P, Kochunov P, Hong LE: Electrophysiological intermediate biomarkers for oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013 Nov;124(11):2209-15. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.05.021. Epub 2013 Jun 30.

pubmed_id:23823132

[12]:

reference_text:Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Hagenfeldt L, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Plasma amino acids in relation to cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Sep;147:276-82.

pubmed_id:2415198

[13]:

reference_text:Pickar D, Breier A, Hsiao JK, Doran AR, Wolkowitz OM, Pato CN, Konicki PE, Potter WZ: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma monoamine metabolites and their relation to psychosis. Implications for regional brain dysfunction in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990 Jul;47(7):641-8.

pubmed_id:1694425

[14]:

reference_text:Prell GD, Green JP, Kaufmann CA, Khandelwal JK, Morrishow AM, Kirch DG, Linnoila M, Wyatt RJ: Histamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with chronic schizophrenia: their relationships to levels of other aminergic transmitters and ratings of symptoms. Schizophr Res. 1995 Jan;14(2):93-104.

pubmed_id:7711000

[15]:

reference_text:Kim YK, Myint AM, Verkerk R, Scharpe S, Steinbusch H, Leonard B: Cytokine changes and tryptophan metabolites in medication-naive and medication-free schizophrenic patients. Neuropsychobiology. 2009;59(2):123-9. doi: 10.1159/000213565. Epub 2009 Apr 22.

pubmed_id:19390223

[16]:

reference_text:Yang J, Chen T, Sun L, Zhao Z, Qi X, Zhou K, Cao Y, Wang X, Qiu Y, Su M, Zhao A, Wang P, Yang P, Wu J, Feng G, He L, Jia W, Wan C: Potential metabolite markers of schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;18(1):67-78. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.131. Epub 2011 Oct 25.

pubmed_id:22024767

[17]:

reference_text:Xuan J, Pan G, Qiu Y, Yang L, Su M, Liu Y, Chen J, Feng G, Fang Y, Jia W, Xing Q, He L: Metabolomic profiling to identify potential serum biomarkers for schizophrenia and risperidone action. J Proteome Res. 2011 Dec 2;10(12):5433-43. doi: 10.1021/pr2006796. Epub 2011 Nov 8.

pubmed_id:22007635

[18]:

reference_text:Schwarz E, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Harris LW, Wang L, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Bogerts B, Koethe D, Kranaster L, Ohrmann P, Suslow T, McAllister G, Spain M, Barnes A, van Beveren NJ, Baron-Cohen S, Steiner J, Torrey FE, Yolken RH, Bahn S: Identification of a biological signature for schizophrenia in serum. Mol Psychiatry. 2012 May;17(5):494-502. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.42. Epub 2011 Apr 12.

pubmed_id:21483431

[19]:

reference_text:Mathe AA, Eberhard G, Saaf J, Wetterberg L: Plasma prostaglandin E2 metabolite--measured as 11-deoxy-15-keto-13,14-dihydro-11 beta,16 xi-cyclo-PGE2--in twins with schizophrenic disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Sep;21(11):1024-30.

pubmed_id:3741918

[20]:

reference_text:Kuloglu M, Ustundag B, Atmaca M, Canatan H, Tezcan AE, Cinkilinc N: Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Cell Biochem Funct. 2002 Jun;20(2):171-5.

pubmed_id:11979513

[21]:

reference_text:Zumarraga M, Davila R, Basterreche N, Arrue A, Goienetxea B, Zamalloa MI, Erkoreka L, Bustamante S, Inchausti L, Gonzalez-Torres MA, Guimon J: Catechol O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A genotypes, and plasma catecholamine metabolites in bipolar and schizophrenic patients. Neurochem Int. 2010 May-Jun;56(6-7):774-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.02.015. Epub 2010 Mar 4.

pubmed_id:20206656

[22]:

reference_text:Peters JG: Dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin spinal fluid metabolites in temporal lobe epileptic patients with schizophrenic symptomatology. Eur Neurol. 1979;18(1):15-8.

pubmed_id:436860

[23]:

reference_text:Yao JK, Dougherty GG Jr, Reddy RD, Keshavan MS, Montrose DM, Matson WR, Rozen S, Krishnan RR, McEvoy J, Kaddurah-Daouk R: Altered interactions of tryptophan metabolites in first-episode neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2010 Sep;15(9):938-53. doi: 10.1038/mp.2009.33. Epub 2009 Apr 28.

pubmed_id:19401681

[24]:

reference_text:Gattaz WF, Waldmeier P, Beckmann H: CSF monoamine metabolites in schizophrenic patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1982 Nov;66(5):350-60.

pubmed_id:6184954

[25]:

reference_text:Nilsson-Todd LK, Nordin C, Jonsson EG, Skogh E, Erhardt S: Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid in male patients with schizophrenia - correlation with monoamine metabolites. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2007 Feb;19(1):45-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2006.00170.x.

pubmed_id:26952797

[26]:

reference_text:Cai HL, Li HD, Yan XZ, Sun B, Zhang Q, Yan M, Zhang WY, Jiang P, Zhu RH, Liu YP, Fang PF, Xu P, Yuan HY, Zhang XH, Hu L, Yang W, Ye HS: Metabolomic analysis of biochemical changes in the plasma and urine of first-episode neuroleptic-naive schizophrenia patients after treatment with risperidone. J Proteome Res. 2012 Aug 3;11(8):4338-50. doi: 10.1021/pr300459d. Epub 2012 Jul 26.

pubmed_id:22800120

[27]:

reference_text:Al Awam K, Haussleiter IS, Dudley E, Donev R, Brune M, Juckel G, Thome J: Multiplatform metabolome and proteome profiling identifies serum metabolite and protein signatures as prospective biomarkers for schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2015 Aug;122 Suppl 1:S111-22. doi: 10.1007/s00702-014-1224-0. Epub 2014 May 1.

pubmed_id:24789758

[28]:

reference_text:Bicikova M, Hill M, Ripova D, Mohr P, Hampl R: Determination of steroid metabolome as a possible tool for laboratory diagnosis of schizophrenia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2013 Jan;133:77-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.08.009. Epub 2012 Aug 24.

pubmed_id:22944140

[29]:

reference_text:He Y, Yu Z, Giegling I, Xie L, Hartmann AM, Prehn C, Adamski J, Kahn R, Li Y, Illig T, Wang-Sattler R, Rujescu D: Schizophrenia shows a unique metabolomics signature in plasma. Transl Psychiatry. 2012 Aug 14;2:e149. doi: 10.1038/tp.2012.76.

pubmed_id:22892715

[30]:

reference_text:Kaddurah-Daouk R, McEvoy J, Baillie RA, Lee D, Yao JK, Doraiswamy PM, Krishnan KR: Metabolomic mapping of atypical antipsychotic effects in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;12(10):934-45. Epub 2007 Apr 17.

pubmed_id:17440431

[31]:

reference_text:Fryar-Williams S, Strobel JE: Biomarkers of a five-domain translational substrate for schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis. Biomark Res. 2015 Feb 6;3:3. doi: 10.1186/s40364-015-0028-1. eCollection 2015.

pubmed_id:25729574

[32]:

reference_text:Oresic M, Seppanen-Laakso T, Sun D, Tang J, Therman S, Viehman R, Mustonen U, van Erp TG, Hyotylainen T, Thompson P, Toga AW, Huttunen MO, Suvisaari J, Kaprio J, Lonnqvist J, Cannon TD: Phospholipids and insulin resistance in psychosis: a lipidomics study of twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia. Genome Med. 2012 Jan 18;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186/gm300.

pubmed_id:22257447

19:

name:Irritable bowel syndrome

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Bearcroft CP, Perrett D, Farthing MJ: Postprandial plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot study. Gut. 1998 Jan;42(1):42-6.

pubmed_id:9505884

[2]:

reference_text:Brydon WG, Nyhlin H, Eastwood MA, Merrick MV: Serum 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and selenohomocholyltaurine (SeHCAT) whole body retention in the assessment of bile acid induced diarrhoea. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Feb;8(2):117-23.

pubmed_id:8723414

[3]:

reference_text:Ponnusamy K, Choi JN, Kim J, Lee SY, Lee CH: Microbial community and metabolomic comparison of irritable bowel syndrome faeces. J Med Microbiol. 2011 Jun;60(Pt 6):817-27. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.028126-0. Epub 2011 Feb 17.

pubmed_id:21330412

[4]:

reference_text:Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8.

pubmed_id:21761941

[5]:

reference_text:Hong YS, Hong KS, Park MH, Ahn YT, Lee JH, Huh CS, Lee J, Kim IK, Hwang GS, Kim JS: Metabonomic understanding of probiotic effects in humans with irritable bowel syndrome. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011 May-Jun;45(5):415-25. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e318207f76c.

pubmed_id:21494186

[6]:

reference_text:Walton C, Fowler DP, Turner C, Jia W, Whitehead RN, Griffiths L, Dawson C, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Cole JA, Cauchi M, Bessant C, Hunter JO: Analysis of volatile organic compounds of bacterial origin in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Sep;19(10):2069-78. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e31829a91f6.

pubmed_id:23867873

[7]:

reference_text:Zeber-Lubecka N, Kulecka M, Ambrozkiewicz F, Paziewska A, Goryca K, Karczmarski J, Rubel T, Wojtowicz W, Mlynarz P, Marczak L, Tomecki R, Mikula M, Ostrowski J: Limited prolonged effects of rifaximin treatment on irritable bowel syndrome-related differences in the fecal microbiome and metabolome. Gut Microbes. 2016 Sep 2;7(5):397-413. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1215805. Epub 2016 Jul 26.

pubmed_id:27662586

20:

name:Ulcerative colitis

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan;39(Database issue):D1035-41. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq1126. Epub 2010 Nov 8.

pubmed_id:21059682

[2]:

reference_text:Almer S, Andersson T, Strom M: Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis and in healthy volunteers after the single instillation of 2 g rectally. J Clin Pharmacol. 1992 Jan;32(1):49-54.

pubmed_id:1740537

[3]:

reference_text:Marchesi JR, Holmes E, Khan F, Kochhar S, Scanlan P, Shanahan F, Wilson ID, Wang Y: Rapid and noninvasive metabonomic characterization of inflammatory bowel disease. J Proteome Res. 2007 Feb;6(2):546-51.

pubmed_id:17269711

[4]:

reference_text:Garner CE, Smith S, de Lacy Costello B, White P, Spencer R, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM: Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1675-88. Epub 2007 Feb 21.

pubmed_id:17314143

[5]:

reference_text:Le Gall G, Noor SO, Ridgway K, Scovell L, Jamieson C, Johnson IT, Colquhoun IJ, Kemsley EK, Narbad A: Metabolomics of fecal extracts detects altered metabolic activity of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. J Proteome Res. 2011 Sep 2;10(9):4208-18. doi: 10.1021/pr2003598. Epub 2011 Aug 8.

pubmed_id:21761941

[6]:

reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello Bde L, Ratcliffe NM, Probert CS: An investigation of fecal volatile organic metabolites in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058204. Epub 2013 Mar 13.

pubmed_id:23516449

[7]:

reference_text:Walton C, Fowler DP, Turner C, Jia W, Whitehead RN, Griffiths L, Dawson C, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Cole JA, Cauchi M, Bessant C, Hunter JO: Analysis of volatile organic compounds of bacterial origin in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Sep;19(10):2069-78. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e31829a91f6.

pubmed_id:23867873

[8]:

reference_text:De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8.

pubmed_id:24811995

[9]:

reference_text:Bjerrum JT, Wang Y, Hao F, Coskun M, Ludwig C, Gunther U, Nielsen OH: Metabonomics of human fecal extracts characterize ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and healthy individuals. Metabolomics. 2015;11:122-133. Epub 2014 Jun 1.

pubmed_id:25598765

[10]:

reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25.

pubmed_id:26806034

[11]:

reference_text:Lee T, Clavel T, Smirnov K, Schmidt A, Lagkouvardos I, Walker A, Lucio M, Michalke B, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Fedorak R, Haller D: Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD. Gut. 2017 May;66(5):863-871. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309940. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

pubmed_id:26848182

[12]:

reference_text:Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158.

pubmed_id:27609529

[13]:

reference_text:Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9.

pubmed_id:28842642

21:

name:Colorectal cancer

omim_id:114500

[1]:

reference_text:Ishiwata S, Itoh K, Yamaguchi T, Ishida N, Mizugaki M: Comparison of serum and urinary levels of modified nucleoside, 1-methyladenosine, in cancer patients using a monoclonal antibody-based inhibition ELISA. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1995 May;176(1):61-8.

pubmed_id:7482520

[2]:

reference_text:Monleon D, Morales JM, Barrasa A, Lopez JA, Vazquez C, Celda B: Metabolite profiling of fecal water extracts from human colorectal cancer. NMR Biomed. 2009 Apr;22(3):342-8. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1345.

pubmed_id:19006102

[3]:

reference_text:Weir TL, Manter DK, Sheflin AM, Barnett BA, Heuberger AL, Ryan EP: Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 6;8(8):e70803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070803. Print 2013.

pubmed_id:23940645

[4]:

reference_text:Phua LC, Chue XP, Koh PK, Cheah PY, Ho HK, Chan EC: Non-invasive fecal metabonomic detection of colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2014 Apr;15(4):389-97. doi: 10.4161/cbt.27625. Epub 2014 Jan 14.

pubmed_id:24424155

[5]:

reference_text:Ritchie SA, Ahiahonu PW, Jayasinghe D, Heath D, Liu J, Lu Y, Jin W, Kavianpour A, Yamazaki Y, Khan AM, Hossain M, Su-Myat KK, Wood PL, Krenitsky K, Takemasa I, Miyake M, Sekimoto M, Monden M, Matsubara H, Nomura F, Goodenowe DB: Reduced levels of hydroxylated, polyunsaturated ultra long-chain fatty acids in the serum of colorectal cancer patients: implications for early screening and detection. BMC Med. 2010 Feb 15;8:13. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-13.

pubmed_id:20156336

[6]:

reference_text:Qiu Y, Cai G, Su M, Chen T, Zheng X, Xu Y, Ni Y, Zhao A, Xu LX, Cai S, Jia W: Serum metabolite profiling of human colorectal cancer using GC-TOFMS and UPLC-QTOFMS. J Proteome Res. 2009 Oct;8(10):4844-50. doi: 10.1021/pr9004162.

pubmed_id:19678709

[7]:

reference_text:Cheng Y, Xie G, Chen T, Qiu Y, Zou X, Zheng M, Tan B, Feng B, Dong T, He P, Zhao L, Zhao A, Xu LX, Zhang Y, Jia W: Distinct urinary metabolic profile of human colorectal cancer. J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):1354-63. doi: 10.1021/pr201001a. Epub 2011 Dec 28.

pubmed_id:22148915

[8]:

reference_text:Ni Y, Xie G, Jia W: Metabonomics of human colorectal cancer: new approaches for early diagnosis and biomarker discovery. J Proteome Res. 2014 Sep 5;13(9):3857-70. doi: 10.1021/pr500443c. Epub 2014 Aug 14.

pubmed_id:25105552

[9]:

reference_text:Ikeda A, Nishiumi S, Shinohara M, Yoshie T, Hatano N, Okuno T, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Takenawa T, Azuma T, Yoshida M: Serum metabolomics as a novel diagnostic approach for gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Chromatogr. 2012 May;26(5):548-58. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1671. Epub 2011 Jul 20.

pubmed_id:21773981

[10]:

reference_text:Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18.

pubmed_id:25037050

[11]:

reference_text:Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016.

pubmed_id:27015276

[12]:

reference_text:Lin Y, Ma C, Liu C, Wang Z, Yang J, Liu X, Shen Z, Wu R: NMR-based fecal metabolomics fingerprinting as predictors of earlier diagnosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 May 17;7(20):29454-64. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8762.

pubmed_id:27107423

[13]:

reference_text:Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016.

pubmed_id:27275383

[14]:

reference_text:Wang X, Wang J, Rao B, Deng L: Gut flora profiling and fecal metabolite composition of colorectal cancer patients and healthy individuals. Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jun;13(6):2848-2854. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4367. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

pubmed_id:28587349

[15]:

reference_text:Silke Matysik, Caroline Ivanne Le Roy, Gerhard Liebisch, Sandrine Paule Claus. Metabolomics of fecal samples: A practical consideration. Trends in Food Science & Technology. Vol. 57, Part B, Nov. 2016, p.244-255: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924224416301984

22:

name:Autism

omim_id:209850

[1]:

reference_text:Shaw W: Increased urinary excretion of a 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid (HPHPA), an abnormal phenylalanine metabolite of Clostridia spp. in the gastrointestinal tract, in urine samples from patients with autism and schizophrenia. Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Jun;13(3):135-43. doi: 10.1179/147683010X12611460763968.

pubmed_id:20423563

[2]:

reference_text:Narayan M, Srinath S, Anderson GM, Meundi DB: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in autism. Biol Psychiatry. 1993 Apr 15-May 1;33(8-9):630-5.

pubmed_id:7687150

[3]:

reference_text:Jaeken J, Van den Berghe G: An infantile autistic syndrome characterised by the presence of succinylpurines in body fluids. Lancet. 1984 Nov 10;2(8411):1058-61.

pubmed_id:6150139

[4]:

reference_text:James SJ, Cutler P, Melnyk S, Jernigan S, Janak L, Gaylor DW, Neubrander JA: Metabolic biomarkers of increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity in children with autism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;80(6):1611-7.

pubmed_id:15585776

[5]:

reference_text:Anderson GM, Ross DL, Klykylo W, Feibel FC, Cohen DJ: Cerebrospinal fluid indoleacetic acid in autistic subjects. J Autism Dev Disord. 1988 Jun;18(2):259-62.

pubmed_id:3410814

[6]:

reference_text:Kusaga A, Yamashita Y, Koeda T, Hiratani M, Kaneko M, Yamada S, Matsuishi T: Increased urine phenylethylamine after methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD. Ann Neurol. 2002 Sep;52(3):372-4.

pubmed_id:12205654

[7]:

reference_text:De Angelis M, Piccolo M, Vannini L, Siragusa S, De Giacomo A, Serrazzanetti DI, Cristofori F, Guerzoni ME, Gobbetti M, Francavilla R: Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e76993. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076993. eCollection 2013.

pubmed_id:24130822

23:

name:Crohn's disease

omim_id:266600

[1]:

reference_text:Lapidus A, Akerlund JE, Einarsson C: Gallbladder bile composition in patients with Crohn 's disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 7;12(1):70-4.

pubmed_id:16440420

[2]:

reference_text:Ehrenpreis ED, Salvino M, Craig RM: Improving the serum D-xylose test for the identification of patients with small intestinal malabsorption. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Jul;33(1):36-40.

pubmed_id:11418788

[3]:

reference_text:Brydon WG, Nyhlin H, Eastwood MA, Merrick MV: Serum 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and selenohomocholyltaurine (SeHCAT) whole body retention in the assessment of bile acid induced diarrhoea. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Feb;8(2):117-23.

pubmed_id:8723414

[4]:

reference_text:Williams HR, Cox IJ, Walker DG, North BV, Patel VM, Marshall SE, Jewell DP, Ghosh S, Thomas HJ, Teare JP, Jakobovits S, Zeki S, Welsh KI, Taylor-Robinson SD, Orchard TR: Characterization of inflammatory bowel disease with urinary metabolic profiling. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun;104(6):1435-44. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2009.175. Epub 2009 Apr 28.

pubmed_id:19491857

[5]:

reference_text:Marchesi JR, Holmes E, Khan F, Kochhar S, Scanlan P, Shanahan F, Wilson ID, Wang Y: Rapid and noninvasive metabonomic characterization of inflammatory bowel disease. J Proteome Res. 2007 Feb;6(2):546-51.

pubmed_id:17269711

[6]:

reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello Bde L, Ratcliffe NM, Probert CS: An investigation of fecal volatile organic metabolites in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058204. Epub 2013 Mar 13.

pubmed_id:23516449

[7]:

reference_text:Walton C, Fowler DP, Turner C, Jia W, Whitehead RN, Griffiths L, Dawson C, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Cole JA, Cauchi M, Bessant C, Hunter JO: Analysis of volatile organic compounds of bacterial origin in chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Sep;19(10):2069-78. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e31829a91f6.

pubmed_id:23867873

[8]:

reference_text:De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8.

pubmed_id:24811995

[9]:

reference_text:Bjerrum JT, Wang Y, Hao F, Coskun M, Ludwig C, Gunther U, Nielsen OH: Metabonomics of human fecal extracts characterize ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and healthy individuals. Metabolomics. 2015;11:122-133. Epub 2014 Jun 1.

pubmed_id:25598765

[10]:

reference_text:Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25.

pubmed_id:26806034

[11]:

reference_text:Lee T, Clavel T, Smirnov K, Schmidt A, Lagkouvardos I, Walker A, Lucio M, Michalke B, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Fedorak R, Haller D: Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD. Gut. 2017 May;66(5):863-871. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309940. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

pubmed_id:26848182

[12]:

reference_text:Kolho KL, Pessia A, Jaakkola T, de Vos WM, Velagapudi V: Faecal and Serum Metabolomics in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2017 Mar 1;11(3):321-334. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw158.

pubmed_id:27609529

[13]:

reference_text:Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9.

pubmed_id:28842642

24:

name:Gout

omim_id:138900

[1]:

reference_text:Shao T, Shao L, Li H, Xie Z, He Z, Wen C: Combined Signature of the Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome in Patients with Gout. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 21;8:268. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00268. eCollection 2017.

pubmed_id:28270806

[2]:

reference_text:MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de)

pubmed_id:

25:

name:Rheumatoid arthritis

omim_id:180300

[1]:

reference_text:Laitinen O, Seppala E, Nissila M, Vapaatalo H: Plasma levels and urinary excretion of prostaglandins in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 1983 Dec;2(4):401-6.

pubmed_id:6589104

[2]:

reference_text:Chiang EP, Smith DE, Selhub J, Dallal G, Wang YC, Roubenoff R: Inflammation causes tissue-specific depletion of vitamin B6. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7(6):R1254-62. Epub 2005 Sep 13.

pubmed_id:16277678

[3]:

reference_text:Jensen T, Klarlund M, Hansen M, Jensen KE, Skjodt H, Hyldstrup L: Connective tissue metabolism in patients with unclassified polyarthritis and early rheumatoid arthritis. Relationship to disease activity, bone mineral density, and radiographic outcome. J Rheumatol. 2004 Sep;31(9):1698-708.

pubmed_id:15338487

[4]:

reference_text:Chavis C, Fraissinet L, Chanez P, Thomas E, Bousquet J: A method for the measurement of plasma hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels. Anal Biochem. 1999 Jun 15;271(1):105-8.

pubmed_id:10361015

[5]:

reference_text:Straub RH, Weidler C, Demmel B, Herrmann M, Kees F, Schmidt M, Scholmerich J, Schedel J: Renal clearance and daily excretion of cortisol and adrenal androgens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Aug;63(8):961-8.

pubmed_id:15249323

[6]:

reference_text:Tie-juan ShaoZhi-xing HeZhi-jun XieHai-chang LiMei-jiao WangCheng-ping Wen. Characterization of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis using 1H NMR-based metabolomics of human fecal extracts. Metabolomics. April 2016, 12:70: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11306-016-1000-2

26:

name:Perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Byun JA, Lee SH, Jung BH, Choi MH, Moon MH, Chung BC: Analysis of polyamines as carbamoyl derivatives in urine and serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr. 2008 Jan;22(1):73-80.

pubmed_id:17668437

[2]:

reference_text:Zheng YF, Kong HW, Xiong JH, Lv S, Xu GW: Clinical significance and prognostic value of urinary nucleosides in breast cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2005 Jan;38(1):24-30.

pubmed_id:15607313

[3]:

reference_text:Cauley JA, Zmuda JM, Danielson ME, Ljung BM, Bauer DC, Cummings SR, Kuller LH: Estrogen metabolites and the risk of breast cancer in older women. Epidemiology. 2003 Nov;14(6):740-4.

pubmed_id:14569192

[4]:

reference_text:Zhang Z, Chen H, Chan KK, Budd T, Ganapathi R: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of perillyl alcohol and metabolites in plasma. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 May 14;728(1):85-95.

pubmed_id:10379660

[5]:

reference_text:Grace PB, Mistry NS, Carter MH, Leathem AJ, Teale P: High throughput quantification of phytoestrogens in human urine and serum using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2007 Jun 15;853(1-2):138-46. Epub 2007 Mar 18.

pubmed_id:17403619

[6]:

reference_text:Silva CL, Passos M, Camara JS: Solid phase microextraction, mass spectrometry and metabolomic approaches for detection of potential urinary cancer biomarkers--a powerful strategy for breast cancer diagnosis. Talanta. 2012 Jan 30;89:360-8. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.041. Epub 2011 Dec 22.

pubmed_id:22284503

[7]:

reference_text:Sugimoto M, Wong DT, Hirayama A, Soga T, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry-based saliva metabolomics identified oral, breast and pancreatic cancer-specific profiles. Metabolomics. 2010 Mar;6(1):78-95. Epub 2009 Sep 10.

pubmed_id:20300169

[8]:

reference_text:Lv W, Yang T: Identification of possible biomarkers for breast cancer from free fatty acid profiles determined by GC-MS and multivariate statistical analysis. Clin Biochem. 2012 Jan;45(1-2):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.10.011. Epub 2011 Oct 26.

pubmed_id:22061338

[9]:

reference_text:Nam H, Chung BC, Kim Y, Lee K, Lee D: Combining tissue transcriptomics and urine metabolomics for breast cancer biomarker identification. Bioinformatics. 2009 Dec 1;25(23):3151-7. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp558. Epub 2009 Sep 25.

pubmed_id:19783829

[10]:

reference_text:Woo HM, Kim KM, Choi MH, Jung BH, Lee J, Kong G, Nam SJ, Kim S, Bai SW, Chung BC: Mass spectrometry based metabolomic approaches in urinary biomarker study of women's cancers. Clin Chim Acta. 2009 Feb;400(1-2):63-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.10.014. Epub 2008 Oct 30.

pubmed_id:19010317

27:

name:Pancreatic cancer

omim_id:260350

[1]:

reference_text:Loser C, Folsch UR, Paprotny C, Creutzfeldt W: Polyamine concentrations in pancreatic tissue, serum, and urine of patients with pancreatic cancer. Pancreas. 1990 Mar;5(2):119-27.

pubmed_id:2315288

[2]:

reference_text:Sugimoto M, Wong DT, Hirayama A, Soga T, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry-based saliva metabolomics identified oral, breast and pancreatic cancer-specific profiles. Metabolomics. 2010 Mar;6(1):78-95. Epub 2009 Sep 10.

pubmed_id:20300169

[3]:

reference_text:Zhang L, Jin H, Guo X, Yang Z, Zhao L, Tang S, Mo P, Wu K, Nie Y, Pan Y, Fan D: Distinguishing pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis and healthy individuals by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomic profiles. Clin Biochem. 2012 Sep;45(13-14):1064-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.05.012. Epub 2012 May 19.

pubmed_id:22613268

[4]:

reference_text:OuYang D, Xu J, Huang H, Chen Z: Metabolomic profiling of serum from human pancreatic cancer patients using 1H NMR spectroscopy and principal component analysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 Sep;165(1):148-54. doi: 10.1007/s12010-011-9240-0. Epub 2011 Apr 20.

pubmed_id:21505807

[5]:

reference_text:Xie G, Lu L, Qiu Y, Ni Q, Zhang W, Gao YT, Risch HA, Yu H, Jia W: Plasma metabolite biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic cancer. J Proteome Res. 2015 Feb 6;14(2):1195-202. doi: 10.1021/pr501135f. Epub 2014 Dec 8.

pubmed_id:25429707

28:

name:Periodontal disease

omim_id:170650

[1]:

reference_text:Sugimoto M, Wong DT, Hirayama A, Soga T, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry-based saliva metabolomics identified oral, breast and pancreatic cancer-specific profiles. Metabolomics. 2010 Mar;6(1):78-95. Epub 2009 Sep 10.

pubmed_id:20300169

29:

name:Frontotemporal dementia

omim_id:600274

[1]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

30:

name:Lewy body disease

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Tsuruoka M, Hara J, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Shankle WR, Tomita M: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis of serum and saliva from neurodegenerative dementia patients. Electrophoresis. 2013 Oct;34(19):2865-72. doi: 10.1002/elps.201300019. Epub 2013 Sep 6.

pubmed_id:23857558

31:

name:Attachment loss

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26.

pubmed_id:31026179

32:

name:Periodontal Probing Depth

omim_id:

[1]:

reference_text:Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26.

pubmed_id:31026179

33:

name:Eosinophilic esophagitis

omim_id:610247

[1]:

reference_text:Mordechai, Hien, and David S. Wishart

pubmed_id:

KEGG数据库编号
C00079
DrugBank数据库编号
DB00120
foodb数据库编号
FDB004940
ChemSpider数据库编号
5910
公共化学化合物编号
6140
PDB数据库编号
生物利益的化学实体数据库编号
17295
knapsack数据库编号
C00001386
维基百科编号
Phenylalanine
代谢途径的数据库编号
PHE
苯酚资源管理器化合物数据库编号
比格数据库编号
33775
梅林编号
28
虚拟机身份证编号
PHE_L
fbonto数据库编号
综合参考
Zhou, Hua; Zhong, Yao; Sun, Guanghai; Wei, Ping. Preparation of L-phenylalanine by an aqueous two-phase system. Huaxue Fanying Gongcheng Yu Gongyi (2006), 22(2), 146-150.
一般参考
1:

protein_accession:HMDBP00273

name:Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

uniprot_id:P07101

gene_name:TH

protein_type:Enzyme

2:

protein_accession:HMDBP00274

name:Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase alpha subunit

uniprot_id:Q9Y285

gene_name:FARSA

protein_type:Enzyme

3:

protein_accession:HMDBP00275

name:Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

uniprot_id:O95363

gene_name:FARS2

protein_type:Enzyme

4:

protein_accession:HMDBP00277

name:Tyrosine aminotransferase

uniprot_id:P17735

gene_name:TAT

protein_type:Enzyme

5:

protein_accession:HMDBP00278

name:Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase

uniprot_id:P20711

gene_name:DDC

protein_type:Enzyme

6:

protein_accession:HMDBP00279

name:Lactoperoxidase

uniprot_id:P22079

gene_name:LPO

protein_type:Unknown

7:

protein_accession:HMDBP00280

name:Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase

uniprot_id:P00439

gene_name:PAH

protein_type:Enzyme

8:

protein_accession:HMDBP00281

name:Peroxiredoxin-6

uniprot_id:P30041

gene_name:PRDX6

protein_type:Enzyme

9:

protein_accession:HMDBP00282

name:Myeloperoxidase

uniprot_id:P05164

gene_name:MPO

protein_type:Unknown

10:

protein_accession:HMDBP00283

name:Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic

uniprot_id:P17174

gene_name:GOT1

protein_type:Enzyme

11:

protein_accession:HMDBP00284

name:Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial

uniprot_id:P00505

gene_name:GOT2

protein_type:Enzyme

12:

protein_accession:HMDBP00285

name:Eosinophil peroxidase

uniprot_id:P11678

gene_name:EPX

protein_type:Unknown

13:

protein_accession:HMDBP00464

name:Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1

uniprot_id:Q16773

gene_name:CCBL1

protein_type:Enzyme

14:

protein_accession:HMDBP00522

name:Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase beta subunit

uniprot_id:Q9NSD9

gene_name:FARSB

protein_type:Enzyme

15:

protein_accession:HMDBP02392

name:Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2

uniprot_id:Q9UHI5

gene_name:SLC7A8

protein_type:Transporter

16:

protein_accession:HMDBP05340

name:Monocarboxylate transporter 10

uniprot_id:Q8TF71

gene_name:SLC16A10

protein_type:Transporter

17:

protein_accession:HMDBP08177

name:Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

uniprot_id:Q9BYF1

gene_name:ACE2

protein_type:Unknown

18:

protein_accession:HMDBP08281

name:L-amino-acid oxidase

uniprot_id:Q96RQ9

gene_name:IL4I1

protein_type:Unknown

19:

protein_accession:HMDBP09254

name:FARSLA protein

uniprot_id:Q6IBR2

gene_name:FARSLA

protein_type:Enzyme

蛋白质结合
1:

reference_text:Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762.

pubmed_id:19212411

2:

reference_text:Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7.

pubmed_id:12097436

3:

reference_text:Nicholson JK, O'Flynn MP, Sadler PJ, Macleod AF, Juul SM, Sonksen PH: Proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies of serum, plasma and urine from fasting normal and diabetic subjects. Biochem J. 1984 Jan 15;217(2):365-75.

pubmed_id:6696735

4:

reference_text:Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50.

pubmed_id:12834252

5:

reference_text:Sjoberg S, Eriksson M, Nordin C: L-thyroxine treatment and neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypothyroid patients: a pilot study. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;139(5):493-7.

pubmed_id:9849813

6:

reference_text:Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7.

pubmed_id:6198473

7:

reference_text:Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14.

pubmed_id:15911239

8:

reference_text:Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6.

pubmed_id:12297216

9:

reference_text:Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24.

pubmed_id:14992292

10:

reference_text:Deng C, Shang C, Hu Y, Zhang X: Rapid diagnosis of phenylketonuria and other aminoacidemias by quantitative analysis of amino acids in neonatal blood spots by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Jul 25;775(1):115-20.

pubmed_id:12101068

11:

reference_text:Wannemacher RW Jr, Klainer AS, Dinterman RE, Beisel WR: The significance and mechanism of an increased serum phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio during infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Sep;29(9):997-1006.

pubmed_id:822705

12:

reference_text:Doellgast GJ, Meis PJ: Use of specific inhibitors to disciminate alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes originating from human liver, placenta and intestine: absence of meconial alkaline phosphatase in maternal serum. Clin Chem. 1979 Jul;25(7):1230-3.

pubmed_id:455643

13:

reference_text:Kersemans V, Cornelissen B, Kersemans K, Bauwens M, Achten E, Dierckx RA, Mertens J, Slegers G: In vivo characterization of 123/125I-2-iodo-L-phenylalanine in an R1M rhabdomyosarcoma athymic mouse model as a potential tumor tracer for SPECT. J Nucl Med. 2005 Mar;46(3):532-9.

pubmed_id:15750170

14:

reference_text:Klassen P, Furst P, Schulz C, Mazariegos M, Solomons NW: Plasma free amino acid concentrations in healthy Guatemalan adults and in patients with classic dengue. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Mar;73(3):647-52.

pubmed_id:11237944

15:

reference_text:van Spronsen FJ, Hoeksma M, Reijngoud DJ: Brain dysfunction in phenylketonuria: is phenylalanine toxicity the only possible cause? J Inherit Metab Dis. 2009 Feb;32(1):46-51. doi: 10.1007/s10545-008-0946-2. Epub 2009 Jan 13.

pubmed_id:19191004

16:

reference_text:Adler-Abramovich L, Vaks L, Carny O, Trudler D, Magno A, Caflisch A, Frenkel D, Gazit E: Phenylalanine assembly into toxic fibrils suggests amyloid etiology in phenylketonuria. Nat Chem Biol. 2012 Aug;8(8):701-6. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.1002. Epub 2012 Jun 17.

pubmed_id:22706200

17:

reference_text:Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043.

pubmed_id:32033212

免责声明:以上所展示的信息由企业自行提供,内容的真实性、准确性和合法性由发布企业负责,医药网对此不承担任何责任。
相关链接:国家药品监督管理局| 国家中医药管理局| SDA药品评审中心| 医加医疗器械| 膏药生产厂家| 爱视立眼贴
专业提供药品信息、药品招商、药品代理、保健品招商、医药原料采购供应的中国药品信息网站平台
版权所有 © 2003-2028 盗冒必究  客服热线:0575-83552251 / 13754370441  QQ客服:药品信息客服
浙ICP备16010490号-2 增值电信业务经营许可证:浙B2-20220931 互联网药品信息服务资格证书编号:(浙)-经营性2023-0215 浙公网安备:33068302000535
 医药代理商群1:药药网药品采购交流医药代理商群2:药药网药品采购交流2医药代理商群3:药药网药品采购交流3